Vaccination - Columbia University
... • Jenner described attenuation (Horse hoofs to cow udders pox to milkers’ hands), but may not be related to effect or origin of vaccinia – Public health (preventive) – eradicated smallpox in 1980 – Therapeutic vaccination (infectious cycle is faster than smallpox) could be used on infected patients ...
... • Jenner described attenuation (Horse hoofs to cow udders pox to milkers’ hands), but may not be related to effect or origin of vaccinia – Public health (preventive) – eradicated smallpox in 1980 – Therapeutic vaccination (infectious cycle is faster than smallpox) could be used on infected patients ...
Unit 6: Bioterrorism and Infectious Diseases
... Information presented to NSC members, 22 December 2002 (13 days into the epidemic). A total of 16,000 smallpox cases have been reported in 25 states (14,000 within the past 24 hours). One thousand people have died. Ten other countries report cases of smallpox believed to have been caused by internat ...
... Information presented to NSC members, 22 December 2002 (13 days into the epidemic). A total of 16,000 smallpox cases have been reported in 25 states (14,000 within the past 24 hours). One thousand people have died. Ten other countries report cases of smallpox believed to have been caused by internat ...
DSTO-GD-0699 PR - Department of Defence
... allow the transmission of the vector to humans. Very close contact (less than 2 metres) with a person who suffers from primary pulmonary plague is required to transmit it between humans [12]. The more common form of plague, bubonic plague, is thought to be the result of inoculation of bacteria throu ...
... allow the transmission of the vector to humans. Very close contact (less than 2 metres) with a person who suffers from primary pulmonary plague is required to transmit it between humans [12]. The more common form of plague, bubonic plague, is thought to be the result of inoculation of bacteria throu ...
Risks associated with vaccinia virus in the laboratory
... overlying the deltoid. This is a region of the body that can easily tolerate swelling without compromising function or causing significant pain. Accidental infection on other parts of the body (e.g., hand or digit) can result in severe pain and swelling, and possible long-term sequelae. Furthermore, ...
... overlying the deltoid. This is a region of the body that can easily tolerate swelling without compromising function or causing significant pain. Accidental infection on other parts of the body (e.g., hand or digit) can result in severe pain and swelling, and possible long-term sequelae. Furthermore, ...
3rd Prize: Omaima Ali
... Smallpox was the first and only human disease to be eradicated; the last case was identified in 1977 when a hospital cook from Somalia4 became infected with a weaker strain of the virus.5 This was 10 years after renewed efforts to eradicate the disease and an increase in funding of US$ 2.4 million i ...
... Smallpox was the first and only human disease to be eradicated; the last case was identified in 1977 when a hospital cook from Somalia4 became infected with a weaker strain of the virus.5 This was 10 years after renewed efforts to eradicate the disease and an increase in funding of US$ 2.4 million i ...
Modeling Responses to Anthrax and Smallpox Attacks
... Modeling Anthrax The initial stage of inhalation anthrax is the incubation period, during which the individual exhibits no external signs of infection. After incubation comes the onset of flulike symptoms, including low-grade fever, cough, chills, and chest pains. These premonitory symptoms, known a ...
... Modeling Anthrax The initial stage of inhalation anthrax is the incubation period, during which the individual exhibits no external signs of infection. After incubation comes the onset of flulike symptoms, including low-grade fever, cough, chills, and chest pains. These premonitory symptoms, known a ...
Smallpox Chapter (Pink Book)
... almost flush with the skin at the time when raised vesicles form in ordinary-type smallpox. It is not known with certainty why some persons develop this type of disease. In a large series of persons hospitalized with smallpox in India, flat-type smallpox accounted for 5%–10% of cases, and the majori ...
... almost flush with the skin at the time when raised vesicles form in ordinary-type smallpox. It is not known with certainty why some persons develop this type of disease. In a large series of persons hospitalized with smallpox in India, flat-type smallpox accounted for 5%–10% of cases, and the majori ...
Public health and bioterrorism: renewed threat of anthrax and
... Natural epidemics such as smallpox and plague are terrifying enough. However, the notion that these diseases can be used as weapons of war is even more chilling. In the 14th and 15th centuries, little was known about the mechanisms of infectious diseases. Nevertheless, according to medieval medical ...
... Natural epidemics such as smallpox and plague are terrifying enough. However, the notion that these diseases can be used as weapons of war is even more chilling. In the 14th and 15th centuries, little was known about the mechanisms of infectious diseases. Nevertheless, according to medieval medical ...
Chapter 27 SMALLPOX
... of development. From 8 to 14 days after onset, the pustules form scabs, which leave depressed depigmented scars on healing. Although variola titers in the throat, conjunctiva, and urine diminish with time, 66 virus can readily be recovered from scabs throughout convalescence. 67 Therefore, patients ...
... of development. From 8 to 14 days after onset, the pustules form scabs, which leave depressed depigmented scars on healing. Although variola titers in the throat, conjunctiva, and urine diminish with time, 66 virus can readily be recovered from scabs throughout convalescence. 67 Therefore, patients ...
C - Emerging Infections Network
... • I would like to comment that tularemia produces vesicle that may be very similar in appearance to varicella and even to the photo in case number 1. I have seen several cases of tularemia in children misdiagnosed as varicella or herpes virus infection. • Other considerations include herpetic whitlo ...
... • I would like to comment that tularemia produces vesicle that may be very similar in appearance to varicella and even to the photo in case number 1. I have seen several cases of tularemia in children misdiagnosed as varicella or herpes virus infection. • Other considerations include herpetic whitlo ...
edward jenner - Cambridge University Press
... as it gives rise to pustular eruptions other than at the site of injection and is consequently a source of infection to an unprotected population.10 There is contemporary eighteenth century evidence to suggest, however, that this is not the case. None of the hundreds of incumbents making returns in ...
... as it gives rise to pustular eruptions other than at the site of injection and is consequently a source of infection to an unprotected population.10 There is contemporary eighteenth century evidence to suggest, however, that this is not the case. None of the hundreds of incumbents making returns in ...
edward jenner - Cambridge University Press
... as it gives rise to pustular eruptions other than at the site of injection and is consequently a source of infection to an unprotected population.10 There is contemporary eighteenth century evidence to suggest, however, that this is not the case. None of the hundreds of incumbents making returns in ...
... as it gives rise to pustular eruptions other than at the site of injection and is consequently a source of infection to an unprotected population.10 There is contemporary eighteenth century evidence to suggest, however, that this is not the case. None of the hundreds of incumbents making returns in ...
Anthrax - Storysmith
... Emergency physicians are “first responders” in this disease. This is contrary to usual EMS thinking But the “ first response “ for patients with initial complaints of malaise, fever, headache probably won’t occur in the field. ...
... Emergency physicians are “first responders” in this disease. This is contrary to usual EMS thinking But the “ first response “ for patients with initial complaints of malaise, fever, headache probably won’t occur in the field. ...
Eichner, M. and K. Dietz. 2003. "Transmission potential
... at places where people meet, such as in neighborhoods and at schools. The model only includes eight instances of places of this type; all high-school children attend the same school and the entire community is divided into four neighborhoods with 500 people each. Data from historical outbreaks suppo ...
... at places where people meet, such as in neighborhoods and at schools. The model only includes eight instances of places of this type; all high-school children attend the same school and the entire community is divided into four neighborhoods with 500 people each. Data from historical outbreaks suppo ...
Biological Threats - Georgia Poison Center
... • Inhalational botulism does not occur naturally and suggests a deliberate source of infection • Botulinum antitoxin must be administered ...
... • Inhalational botulism does not occur naturally and suggests a deliberate source of infection • Botulinum antitoxin must be administered ...
SpeckledMonsterTeacherGuidance
... knows how to fight the disease. She is immune to smallpox. Note that the disease has left her face scarred like Dr Jenner’s maid in the film. Oliver Norton (The Blacksmith): He was young and healthy and lucky. His body managed to fight off the illness. Ask the children what would happen if Oliver wa ...
... knows how to fight the disease. She is immune to smallpox. Note that the disease has left her face scarred like Dr Jenner’s maid in the film. Oliver Norton (The Blacksmith): He was young and healthy and lucky. His body managed to fight off the illness. Ask the children what would happen if Oliver wa ...
Bioweapons - Texas A&M University–Central Texas
... on highly nationalist web sites – but no trials in 1954…) ...
... on highly nationalist web sites – but no trials in 1954…) ...
Agent-Based Models As Policy Decision Tools: The Case of
... magnitudes for adult-adult, adult-child, etc. transmissions from influenza data. Transmission rates for other places of contact were derived from influenza infection rates. Because of its stochastic nature, the results from the simulated intervention can only be compared with respect to their distri ...
... magnitudes for adult-adult, adult-child, etc. transmissions from influenza data. Transmission rates for other places of contact were derived from influenza infection rates. Because of its stochastic nature, the results from the simulated intervention can only be compared with respect to their distri ...
Bioterrorism Readiness Plan
... Can be aerosolized or contaminated items can be used to deploy this virus as a biological warfare agent ...
... Can be aerosolized or contaminated items can be used to deploy this virus as a biological warfare agent ...
Herd-immunity-for-IMCV - International Medical Council on
... There is absolutely zero certainty as to when monkeypox first colonized humans. It is more accurate to say that monkeypox was first detected in humans around the time that smallpox was being declared eradicated, not that it arrived in humans at that time. Differentiation tests were not carried out o ...
... There is absolutely zero certainty as to when monkeypox first colonized humans. It is more accurate to say that monkeypox was first detected in humans around the time that smallpox was being declared eradicated, not that it arrived in humans at that time. Differentiation tests were not carried out o ...
Infectious Agents as a Security Challenge: Experience of Typhus
... lipoprotein envelope on the surface. It can be transmitted by aerosols and air droplets by direct contact with an infected person, as well as through contaminated water, food and objects. Smallpox is a highly contagious disease. Incubation lasts 12-14 days. The disease begins suddenly, with flulike ...
... lipoprotein envelope on the surface. It can be transmitted by aerosols and air droplets by direct contact with an infected person, as well as through contaminated water, food and objects. Smallpox is a highly contagious disease. Incubation lasts 12-14 days. The disease begins suddenly, with flulike ...
In response to the potential use of biological agents against... government is upgrading plans for preparedness, readiness, and national defenses
... In response to the potential use of biological agents against civilians, the federal government is upgrading plans for preparedness, readiness, and national defenses against bioterrorist weapons. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been designated as the lead agency for the nati ...
... In response to the potential use of biological agents against civilians, the federal government is upgrading plans for preparedness, readiness, and national defenses against bioterrorist weapons. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been designated as the lead agency for the nati ...
Bioterroryzm - Baltic University Programme
... goats, cattle) follows ingestion of spores in soil Human infection typically acquired through contact with anthrax-infected animals or animal products or atypically through intentional exposure Three clinical forms Cutaneous Inhalational Gastrointestinal ...
... goats, cattle) follows ingestion of spores in soil Human infection typically acquired through contact with anthrax-infected animals or animal products or atypically through intentional exposure Three clinical forms Cutaneous Inhalational Gastrointestinal ...
Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by either of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor. The disease is also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera, derived from varius (""spotted"") or varus (""pimple""). The disease was originally known in English as the ""pox"" or ""red plague""; the term ""smallpox"" was first used in Britain in the 15th century to distinguish variola from the ""great pox"" (syphilis). The last naturally occurring case of smallpox (Variola minor) was diagnosed on 26 October 1977.Infection with smallpox is focused in small blood vessels of the skin and in the mouth and throat before disseminating. In the skin it results in a characteristic maculopapular rash and, later, raised fluid-filled blisters. V. major produced a more serious disease and had an overall mortality rate of 30–35 percent. V. minor caused a milder form of disease (also known as alastrim, cottonpox, milkpox, whitepox, and Cuban itch) which killed about 1 percent of its victims. Long-term complications of V. major infection included characteristic scars, commonly on the face, which occur in 65–85 percent of survivors. Blindness resulting from corneal ulceration and scarring, and limb deformities due to arthritis and osteomyelitis were less common complications, seen in about 2–5 percent of cases.Smallpox is believed to have emerged in human populations about 10,000 BC. The earliest physical evidence of it is probably the pustular rash on the mummified body of Pharaoh Ramses V of Egypt. The disease killed an estimated 400,000 Europeans annually during the closing years of the 18th century (including five reigning monarchs), and was responsible for a third of all blindness. Of all those infected, 20–60 percent—and over 80 percent of infected children—died from the disease. Smallpox was responsible for an estimated 300–500 million deaths during the 20th century. As recently as 1967, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 15 million people contracted the disease and that two million died in that year.After vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the WHO certified the eradication of smallpox in 1979. Smallpox is one of two infectious diseases to have been eradicated, the other being rinderpest, which was declared eradicated in 2011.