Atomic force microscopy study of the role of LPS O
... the continuing threats posed by pathogenic E. coli (Strachan et al., 2006; Ciftcioglu et al., 2008; Uhlich et al., 2008). However, in nature, most E. coli are harmless and many are necessary for human digestion (Bettelheim et al., 1974). Testing for pathogenic E. coli includes serotyping of the O-an ...
... the continuing threats posed by pathogenic E. coli (Strachan et al., 2006; Ciftcioglu et al., 2008; Uhlich et al., 2008). However, in nature, most E. coli are harmless and many are necessary for human digestion (Bettelheim et al., 1974). Testing for pathogenic E. coli includes serotyping of the O-an ...
Composition and production of thiol constituents induced
... glycine is the most common terminal amino acid, glutamic acid [6], serine [7], and βalanine [8] have been found instead of glycine in several species. Moreover, the terminal amino acid does not appear in desglycyl-phytochelatins [9]. In these molecules, cadmium is chelated throughout coordination wi ...
... glycine is the most common terminal amino acid, glutamic acid [6], serine [7], and βalanine [8] have been found instead of glycine in several species. Moreover, the terminal amino acid does not appear in desglycyl-phytochelatins [9]. In these molecules, cadmium is chelated throughout coordination wi ...
1 - The Mostowy Lab
... proteins that interact with ActA on the surface of Listeria may disguise the bacteria to prevent autophagic recognition, or that ActA itself prevents recruitment of proteins normally involved in autophagy. Indeed, bacteria lacking ActA are ubiquitinated and targeted to autophagy. InlK is another Lis ...
... proteins that interact with ActA on the surface of Listeria may disguise the bacteria to prevent autophagic recognition, or that ActA itself prevents recruitment of proteins normally involved in autophagy. Indeed, bacteria lacking ActA are ubiquitinated and targeted to autophagy. InlK is another Lis ...
An intracellular replication niche for Vibrio cholerae in the amoeba
... through contaminated water. Predatory protists, such as amoebae, are major regulators of bacterial populations in such environments. Therefore, we investigated the interaction between V. cholerae and the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii at the single-cell level. We observed that V. cholerae can resis ...
... through contaminated water. Predatory protists, such as amoebae, are major regulators of bacterial populations in such environments. Therefore, we investigated the interaction between V. cholerae and the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii at the single-cell level. We observed that V. cholerae can resis ...
Roles of Naturally Occurring Bacteria in Controlling Iodine
... Robin Brinkmeyer and Dr. Peter Santschi, not only for their generosity and support, but also for allowing me to be part of the family in Laboratory of Oceanographic and Environmental Research. Their guidance, encouragement, and philosophy in both research and life have proven to be invaluable to my ...
... Robin Brinkmeyer and Dr. Peter Santschi, not only for their generosity and support, but also for allowing me to be part of the family in Laboratory of Oceanographic and Environmental Research. Their guidance, encouragement, and philosophy in both research and life have proven to be invaluable to my ...
ICAM-1 - The Journal of Cell Biology
... JY, an EBV-transfected B-cell line, obtained from Dr. J. Strominger (Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA), KOS (29) and SLA (2), EBVtransfected B-cell lines established from patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) (1), Raji, a Burkitt's lymphoma line (43) and COS-7, a monkey kidney ep ...
... JY, an EBV-transfected B-cell line, obtained from Dr. J. Strominger (Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA), KOS (29) and SLA (2), EBVtransfected B-cell lines established from patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) (1), Raji, a Burkitt's lymphoma line (43) and COS-7, a monkey kidney ep ...
Evolution of Intracellular Pathogens Further
... found in extracellular spaces (25). Hence, except for those pathogens that are transferred vertically during host cell replication, the term intracellular refers to one phase of the microbial cycle. Classifying pathogenic microbes as intracellular or extracellular is further complicated because ther ...
... found in extracellular spaces (25). Hence, except for those pathogens that are transferred vertically during host cell replication, the term intracellular refers to one phase of the microbial cycle. Classifying pathogenic microbes as intracellular or extracellular is further complicated because ther ...
The Plant Actin Cytoskeleton Responds to Signals from Microbe
... direct evidence linking specific aspects of either layer of immune signaling have been reported. However, a recent report shows that a T3E protein from Pseudomonas syringae, HopZ1a, targets the microtubule cytoskeleton to circumvent PTI [27]. Similarly, one report describes actin filament stabilizat ...
... direct evidence linking specific aspects of either layer of immune signaling have been reported. However, a recent report shows that a T3E protein from Pseudomonas syringae, HopZ1a, targets the microtubule cytoskeleton to circumvent PTI [27]. Similarly, one report describes actin filament stabilizat ...
Guanylate cyclase in Dictyostelium discoideum with the topology of
... unicellular organism in the presence of a food source, such as bacteria. Starvation induces a developmental programme leading to cell aggregation and the formation of a fruiting body, which is composed of a stalk with a spore head. Chemotaxis plays a pivotal role during both growth and development. ...
... unicellular organism in the presence of a food source, such as bacteria. Starvation induces a developmental programme leading to cell aggregation and the formation of a fruiting body, which is composed of a stalk with a spore head. Chemotaxis plays a pivotal role during both growth and development. ...
Selective and differential interactions of BNN27
... Fig. 1. BNN27 specifically binds to TrkA receptor. (A) Competition binding assays of [3H]-DHEA in the presence of increasing concentrations of BNN27 using membranes isolated from HEK293 cells transfected with cDNAs of TrkA or TrkB or TrkC receptors. Ki represents the mean ± SEM, n ¼ 6 experiments. Ri ...
... Fig. 1. BNN27 specifically binds to TrkA receptor. (A) Competition binding assays of [3H]-DHEA in the presence of increasing concentrations of BNN27 using membranes isolated from HEK293 cells transfected with cDNAs of TrkA or TrkB or TrkC receptors. Ki represents the mean ± SEM, n ¼ 6 experiments. Ri ...
Biofilms
... of process water 10, deterioration of the hygienic quality of drinking water 11 and microbially influenced corrosion12. ...
... of process water 10, deterioration of the hygienic quality of drinking water 11 and microbially influenced corrosion12. ...
Paramecium as a bioassay system for elucidation of cytotoxicity and
... An alternative possibility is the production of hazardous chemical substances by interaction between the metabolic products of culture medium and CNF. At this moment we have no information about chemical compositions of the culture medium. However, one candidate of the hazardous chemical substances ...
... An alternative possibility is the production of hazardous chemical substances by interaction between the metabolic products of culture medium and CNF. At this moment we have no information about chemical compositions of the culture medium. However, one candidate of the hazardous chemical substances ...
The Role of Penicillinase in Determining Natural and Acquired
... penicillin G, ampicillin, methicillin, BRL 1621 and 6-APA to the penicillinases produced by various bacterial strains. Of the penicillins tested penicillin G was found to be the most susceptible to Gram-negative penicillinases and therefore was used as substrate for their estimation. To compare the ...
... penicillin G, ampicillin, methicillin, BRL 1621 and 6-APA to the penicillinases produced by various bacterial strains. Of the penicillins tested penicillin G was found to be the most susceptible to Gram-negative penicillinases and therefore was used as substrate for their estimation. To compare the ...
Receptors Distinct Parasite Molecules and Host Chemoattractant
... The effects of IL-10 on STAg-induced CCL2 and IL-12 also differed. It was previously demonstrated that IL-10 down-regulates LPS-induced PMN IL-12 production (32), and we also found potent down-regulatory effects on STAg-induced IL-12 that was maintained even in IFN-␥-primed cells (Fig. 1E). In strik ...
... The effects of IL-10 on STAg-induced CCL2 and IL-12 also differed. It was previously demonstrated that IL-10 down-regulates LPS-induced PMN IL-12 production (32), and we also found potent down-regulatory effects on STAg-induced IL-12 that was maintained even in IFN-␥-primed cells (Fig. 1E). In strik ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... Pseudomonas spp. and the two E. carotovora subsp., the reciprocal experiment (inhibition of P. putida WCS358 by the plant-deleterious strain) was performed, but no inhibition of growth of strain WCS358 was observed (data not shown). All these bacterial and fungal strains were tested for pseudobactin ...
... Pseudomonas spp. and the two E. carotovora subsp., the reciprocal experiment (inhibition of P. putida WCS358 by the plant-deleterious strain) was performed, but no inhibition of growth of strain WCS358 was observed (data not shown). All these bacterial and fungal strains were tested for pseudobactin ...
Live cell imaging reveals actin-cytoskeleton
... Crosslinking of actin filaments into bundles is essential for the assembly and stabilization of specific cytoskeletal structures. However, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying actin bundle formation. The two LIMdomain-containing proteins define a novel and evolutionar ...
... Crosslinking of actin filaments into bundles is essential for the assembly and stabilization of specific cytoskeletal structures. However, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying actin bundle formation. The two LIMdomain-containing proteins define a novel and evolutionar ...
Environmental Science and Technology
... connection have been identified for Cd2+-phthalategoethite and Pb2+-SO42--goethite (8, 9). Bacteria can present a significant reactive surface for metal ion adsorption due to their large surface area-to-volume ratio and various surface functional groups. Spectroscopic and modeling studies have shown ...
... connection have been identified for Cd2+-phthalategoethite and Pb2+-SO42--goethite (8, 9). Bacteria can present a significant reactive surface for metal ion adsorption due to their large surface area-to-volume ratio and various surface functional groups. Spectroscopic and modeling studies have shown ...
Pathogenic potential of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from surface
... 2004). Albert et al. (2000) reported that isolates of Aeromonas spp. harbour both alt and ast genes, encoding heat-labile cytotonic and heat-stable cytotonic enterotoxin, respectively, associated with watery diarrhoea. The isolation rate of Aeromonas species from diarrhoeic stool has been reported t ...
... 2004). Albert et al. (2000) reported that isolates of Aeromonas spp. harbour both alt and ast genes, encoding heat-labile cytotonic and heat-stable cytotonic enterotoxin, respectively, associated with watery diarrhoea. The isolation rate of Aeromonas species from diarrhoeic stool has been reported t ...
Chapter 16—Probes for Endocytosis, Receptors and Ion Channels
... 16.1 Probes for Following Receptor Binding and Phagocytosis The plasma membrane defines the inside and outside of the cell. It not only encloses the cytosol to maintain the intracellular environment but also serves as a formidable barrier to the extracellular environment. Because cells require input ...
... 16.1 Probes for Following Receptor Binding and Phagocytosis The plasma membrane defines the inside and outside of the cell. It not only encloses the cytosol to maintain the intracellular environment but also serves as a formidable barrier to the extracellular environment. Because cells require input ...
Isolation and biological activity of extracellular slime associated with
... growth phase are highly metabolically active, and this should be con sidered when comparing enzyme induction of these cells to that of swarm cells. Howat (1981) sought to determine whether or not a stored energy source might be implicated with swarming of 2- mirabilis. ...
... growth phase are highly metabolically active, and this should be con sidered when comparing enzyme induction of these cells to that of swarm cells. Howat (1981) sought to determine whether or not a stored energy source might be implicated with swarming of 2- mirabilis. ...
Biofilm formation and the food industry, a focus on the bacterial outer
... individual cells, populations or communities by using various modes of communication. One of the best studied communication mechanisms in bacteria is quorum sensing, which is based on the production of low-molecularmass signalling molecules. When the bacterial cell density is low, the extracellular ...
... individual cells, populations or communities by using various modes of communication. One of the best studied communication mechanisms in bacteria is quorum sensing, which is based on the production of low-molecularmass signalling molecules. When the bacterial cell density is low, the extracellular ...
Further analysis on lidocaine-induced increase in intracellular Zn2+
... Because propidium stains dead cells, the measurement of propidium fluorescence from the cells provided information on lethality. The fluorescence was measured 2 min after the application of propidium iodide by a flow cytometer. The excitation wavelength used for propidium was 488 nm and the emission ...
... Because propidium stains dead cells, the measurement of propidium fluorescence from the cells provided information on lethality. The fluorescence was measured 2 min after the application of propidium iodide by a flow cytometer. The excitation wavelength used for propidium was 488 nm and the emission ...
University of Groningen Beer spoilage bacteria and hop resistance
... Considerable effort has been made by many microbiologists to control microbial contamination in beer. The most commonly used method today for detecting beer spoilage micro-organisms in breweries is still traditional incubation on culture media. A number of selective media have been developed since L ...
... Considerable effort has been made by many microbiologists to control microbial contamination in beer. The most commonly used method today for detecting beer spoilage micro-organisms in breweries is still traditional incubation on culture media. A number of selective media have been developed since L ...
Response to Bacteria Excess Production of IL-12 and IL
... ing, angiogenesis, and wound repair (4 – 6). IL-10 and IL-12 are two key players in these processes, usually acting in opposition, with IL-10 inhibiting IL-12 production. Therefore, loss of balance between IL-12 and IL-10 can lead to disproportionate pathology or immunosuppression. Although precise ...
... ing, angiogenesis, and wound repair (4 – 6). IL-10 and IL-12 are two key players in these processes, usually acting in opposition, with IL-10 inhibiting IL-12 production. Therefore, loss of balance between IL-12 and IL-10 can lead to disproportionate pathology or immunosuppression. Although precise ...
Actin machinery: pushing the envelope Gary G Borisy* and Tatyana
... filament and caps its pointed end, resulting in a Y-junction with a characteristic angle of ~70°. After nucleation, the activator protein (a WASP family member or Act A) dissociates from the Arp2/3 complex and is available to activate another nucleation event. Consistent with this idea, the Arp2/3 c ...
... filament and caps its pointed end, resulting in a Y-junction with a characteristic angle of ~70°. After nucleation, the activator protein (a WASP family member or Act A) dissociates from the Arp2/3 complex and is available to activate another nucleation event. Consistent with this idea, the Arp2/3 c ...
Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. Somatic cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming toward the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons (e.g., phenol). In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development (e.g., movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization) and subsequent phases of development (e.g., migration of neurons or lymphocytes) as well as in normal function. In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis.Positive chemotaxis occurs if the movement is toward a higher concentration of the chemical in question; negative chemotaxis if the movement is in the opposite direction. Chemically prompted kinesis (randomly directed or nondirectional) can be called chemokinesis.