Chapter 6
... The masses of Mercury and Venus (as well as those of our own Moon and the asteroid Ceres) are a little harder to determine accurately, because these bodies have no natural satellites of their own. Nevertheless, it is possible to measure their masses by careful observations of their gravitational inf ...
... The masses of Mercury and Venus (as well as those of our own Moon and the asteroid Ceres) are a little harder to determine accurately, because these bodies have no natural satellites of their own. Nevertheless, it is possible to measure their masses by careful observations of their gravitational inf ...
Type I SuperNova
... outer shells of the companion is transferred to the surface of the dwarf. Helium will then begin to accrete on the surface of the dwarf. Helium requires much higher temperature to fuse, and this higher temperature explosive fusion might be enough to drive the core to rapid carbon/oxygen fusion. When ...
... outer shells of the companion is transferred to the surface of the dwarf. Helium will then begin to accrete on the surface of the dwarf. Helium requires much higher temperature to fuse, and this higher temperature explosive fusion might be enough to drive the core to rapid carbon/oxygen fusion. When ...
Computer Modeling the Line of Sight Column Densities of Polars
... strong magnetic field around 100 million times earths magnetic field. The plasma is not allowed to form an accretion disc because it follows the magnetic field lines. The stream takes a more direct path toward the white dwarf. The high speeds of the impacting particles creates a hot spot ...
... strong magnetic field around 100 million times earths magnetic field. The plasma is not allowed to form an accretion disc because it follows the magnetic field lines. The stream takes a more direct path toward the white dwarf. The high speeds of the impacting particles creates a hot spot ...
23.1 The Solar System
... Simply stated, a gas molecule can escape from a planet if it reaches a speed known as the escape velocity. For Earth, this velocity is 11 kilometers per second. Any material, including a rocket, must reach this speed before it can escape Earth’s gravity and go into space. A comparatively warm body w ...
... Simply stated, a gas molecule can escape from a planet if it reaches a speed known as the escape velocity. For Earth, this velocity is 11 kilometers per second. Any material, including a rocket, must reach this speed before it can escape Earth’s gravity and go into space. A comparatively warm body w ...
Primordial Planet Formation - University of California San Diego
... Given the present temperature of the universe and the rate the temperature falls with redshift, we easily calculate that the remnant Big Bang radiation and hence the temperature of the universe fell below the 13.8 degree hydrogen triple point temperature at redshift z = 6.0. It has already been ...
... Given the present temperature of the universe and the rate the temperature falls with redshift, we easily calculate that the remnant Big Bang radiation and hence the temperature of the universe fell below the 13.8 degree hydrogen triple point temperature at redshift z = 6.0. It has already been ...
Accretion Disk
... • DQ Her Stars (Intermediate Polars): The magnetic field strength is not quite as strong as in the AM Her stars, so an outer accretion disk exists. However, close to the white dwarf, the disk is disrupted as again, matter is forced to flow along with the field lines to the pole. Intermediate polars ...
... • DQ Her Stars (Intermediate Polars): The magnetic field strength is not quite as strong as in the AM Her stars, so an outer accretion disk exists. However, close to the white dwarf, the disk is disrupted as again, matter is forced to flow along with the field lines to the pole. Intermediate polars ...
benchmarks and task analyses - I
... comets, and particles of dust and gas that revolve around the sun. Each of the nine planets spins around an imaginary axis through its center, while also traveling in a clockwise direction around the sun. The word planet comes from the Greek “planets,” which means “wanderer.” The distances from plan ...
... comets, and particles of dust and gas that revolve around the sun. Each of the nine planets spins around an imaginary axis through its center, while also traveling in a clockwise direction around the sun. The word planet comes from the Greek “planets,” which means “wanderer.” The distances from plan ...
Powerpoint file
... There are only two astronomical bodies that have a radius ~ 1 REarth: 1. White Dwarf 2. A terrestrial planet White Dwarfs have a mass of ~ 1 Solar Mass, so the radial velocity amplitude should be ~ 100s km/s. This is excluded by low precision radial velocity measurements. ...
... There are only two astronomical bodies that have a radius ~ 1 REarth: 1. White Dwarf 2. A terrestrial planet White Dwarfs have a mass of ~ 1 Solar Mass, so the radial velocity amplitude should be ~ 100s km/s. This is excluded by low precision radial velocity measurements. ...
Moons in our Solar System
... synchronous orbit, meaning they always show the same face to each other For the Greeks, Charon was the boatman who carried dead souls to the underworld, ruled by Pluto Pluto ...
... synchronous orbit, meaning they always show the same face to each other For the Greeks, Charon was the boatman who carried dead souls to the underworld, ruled by Pluto Pluto ...
1 Bruna Contro1,*, Rob Wittenmyer1,2,3, Jonti Horner2,3
... closely resemble our own. The Kepler spacecraft has played a critical role in detecting the smallest planets found to date1 (e.g. Kepler 37b, which is significantly smaller than the planet Mercury; Barclay et al., 2013), and so could, in theory, detect truly Earth-like worlds. However, to date, no s ...
... closely resemble our own. The Kepler spacecraft has played a critical role in detecting the smallest planets found to date1 (e.g. Kepler 37b, which is significantly smaller than the planet Mercury; Barclay et al., 2013), and so could, in theory, detect truly Earth-like worlds. However, to date, no s ...
Lecture 7: Extrasolar Planets 01/08/2013 update: 725 exoplanets
... light emanating from a star passes very close to another star on its way to an observer on Earth, the gravity of the intermediary star will slightly bend the light rays from the source star, causing the two stars to appear farther apart than they normally would. This effect was used by Sir Arthur Ed ...
... light emanating from a star passes very close to another star on its way to an observer on Earth, the gravity of the intermediary star will slightly bend the light rays from the source star, causing the two stars to appear farther apart than they normally would. This effect was used by Sir Arthur Ed ...
The Formation of Uranus and Neptune in the Jupiter
... In the JS region, oligarchic growth breaks down when one or more cores begin to accrete a signi cant amount of nebular gas, thereby signi cantly increasing their mass(es) in a short period of time. This is expected to occur when the cores reach about 15M [6], at which time `oligarchic' growth predi ...
... In the JS region, oligarchic growth breaks down when one or more cores begin to accrete a signi cant amount of nebular gas, thereby signi cantly increasing their mass(es) in a short period of time. This is expected to occur when the cores reach about 15M [6], at which time `oligarchic' growth predi ...
CHAPTER 8 Survey of Solar Systems
... Instead of “inner” and “outer” planets, astronomers sometimes use “terrestrial” and “Jovian” to describe the two types of planets. The terrestrial planets (Mercury to Mars) are so-named because of their resemblance to the Earth. The Jovian planets (Jupiter to Neptune) are named for their resemblance ...
... Instead of “inner” and “outer” planets, astronomers sometimes use “terrestrial” and “Jovian” to describe the two types of planets. The terrestrial planets (Mercury to Mars) are so-named because of their resemblance to the Earth. The Jovian planets (Jupiter to Neptune) are named for their resemblance ...
FORMATION OF CLOSE IN SUPER-EARTHS AND MINI- IMPLICATIONS Please share
... Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA; [email protected] Received 2014 August 3; accepted 2014 September 27; published 2014 October 16 ...
... Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA; [email protected] Received 2014 August 3; accepted 2014 September 27; published 2014 October 16 ...
Science Program — Key Stage 2
... There are many places to acquire background information on planets and the solar system. The NASA website is a wonderful resource for students and teachers. Students should be encouraged to use current sources of information as much as possible to increase the likelihood of having accurate data. The ...
... There are many places to acquire background information on planets and the solar system. The NASA website is a wonderful resource for students and teachers. Students should be encouraged to use current sources of information as much as possible to increase the likelihood of having accurate data. The ...
A Human-Powered Orrery - Astronomical Society of the Pacific
... Visualizing planetary motions and their relationships to each other is difficult for many learners. In many of our outreach programs over the years, we modeled the motion of the Earth around the Sun and the seasonal constellations, but this did not involve a lot of audience participation. Then, in 2 ...
... Visualizing planetary motions and their relationships to each other is difficult for many learners. In many of our outreach programs over the years, we modeled the motion of the Earth around the Sun and the seasonal constellations, but this did not involve a lot of audience participation. Then, in 2 ...
View/Open - SUNY DSpace
... away and with this information he came up with the three laws of planetary motion: 1. Planets move in elliptical movements around the sun, 2. Planets closer to the sun will move faster, and 3. Planets farther away from the sun will move slower than the closer ones (“A Comprehensive Gide to the Unive ...
... away and with this information he came up with the three laws of planetary motion: 1. Planets move in elliptical movements around the sun, 2. Planets closer to the sun will move faster, and 3. Planets farther away from the sun will move slower than the closer ones (“A Comprehensive Gide to the Unive ...
Science Program — Grade 5
... There are many places to acquire background information on planets and the solar system. The NASA website is a wonderful resource for students and teachers. Students should be encouraged to use current sources of information as much as possible to increase the likelihood of having accurate data. The ...
... There are many places to acquire background information on planets and the solar system. The NASA website is a wonderful resource for students and teachers. Students should be encouraged to use current sources of information as much as possible to increase the likelihood of having accurate data. The ...
Week 2 - Our Solar System
... The sun is only one of billions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy. Although it appears very large from Earth, the sun is a medium-sized star. Many stars are much larger. In this lesson, you will learn about other stars. At night, we can see between 3,000 and 5,000 stars. With a high-powered telescope ...
... The sun is only one of billions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy. Although it appears very large from Earth, the sun is a medium-sized star. Many stars are much larger. In this lesson, you will learn about other stars. At night, we can see between 3,000 and 5,000 stars. With a high-powered telescope ...
Planetary system formation in thermally evolving viscous
... Planetary orbital eccentricity can strongly influence Lindblad migration torques [25] and eccentricity/inclination damping rates of embedded planets [26]. In a recent study, Bitsch & Kley [18] showed that corotation torques decrease significantly with modest growth of eccentricity. We present here a b ...
... Planetary orbital eccentricity can strongly influence Lindblad migration torques [25] and eccentricity/inclination damping rates of embedded planets [26]. In a recent study, Bitsch & Kley [18] showed that corotation torques decrease significantly with modest growth of eccentricity. We present here a b ...
13_Testbank - Lick Observatory
... so the density is M/V = 0.27 grams per cubic centimeter. The average density of Jupiter is 1.33 grams per cubic centimeter, so HD 209458b is five times less dense. This is due to it being "puffed up" from the high temperatures in such a close orbit around its host star. 6) The star Rho Cancri B has ...
... so the density is M/V = 0.27 grams per cubic centimeter. The average density of Jupiter is 1.33 grams per cubic centimeter, so HD 209458b is five times less dense. This is due to it being "puffed up" from the high temperatures in such a close orbit around its host star. 6) The star Rho Cancri B has ...
Other Planetary Systems The New Science of Distant Worlds 13.1
... so the density is M/V = 0.27 grams per cubic centimeter. The average density of Jupiter is 1.33 grams per cubic centimeter, so HD 209458b is five times less dense. This is due to it being "puffed up" from the high temperatures in such a close orbit around its host star. 6) The star Rho Cancri B has ...
... so the density is M/V = 0.27 grams per cubic centimeter. The average density of Jupiter is 1.33 grams per cubic centimeter, so HD 209458b is five times less dense. This is due to it being "puffed up" from the high temperatures in such a close orbit around its host star. 6) The star Rho Cancri B has ...
The Mt John University Observatory search for Earth
... importance for any exoplanet search programme. It is so close that a future spacecraft travelling at 0.1 c reaches the system within 50 years. The α Centauri binary consists of a G2V primary (HR 5459, HD 128620, V = − 0.01) and a K1V secondary (HR 5460, HD 128621, V = 1.33) moving in an eccentric (e ...
... importance for any exoplanet search programme. It is so close that a future spacecraft travelling at 0.1 c reaches the system within 50 years. The α Centauri binary consists of a G2V primary (HR 5459, HD 128620, V = − 0.01) and a K1V secondary (HR 5460, HD 128621, V = 1.33) moving in an eccentric (e ...
Supernova
... Current thinking A – Type 1 Supernova occur only if all of the hydrogen in the outer shells of the companion is transferred to the surface of the dwarf. Helium will then begin to accrete on the surface of the dwarf. Helium requires much higher temperature to fuse, and this higher temperature explosi ...
... Current thinking A – Type 1 Supernova occur only if all of the hydrogen in the outer shells of the companion is transferred to the surface of the dwarf. Helium will then begin to accrete on the surface of the dwarf. Helium requires much higher temperature to fuse, and this higher temperature explosi ...
Age Aspects of Habitability
... has developed within only 800 Myr after its formation — the carbon isotope change detected in the oldest rocks indicates the existence of already active life at least 3.8 Gyr ago. If, however, we define habitability as our ability to detect life on the surface of exoplanets, then age becomes a cruci ...
... has developed within only 800 Myr after its formation — the carbon isotope change detected in the oldest rocks indicates the existence of already active life at least 3.8 Gyr ago. If, however, we define habitability as our ability to detect life on the surface of exoplanets, then age becomes a cruci ...
Dwarf planet
A dwarf planet is a planetary-mass object that is neither a planet nor a natural satellite. That is, it is in direct orbit of the Sun, and is massive enough for its shape to be in hydrostatic equilibrium under its own gravity, but has not cleared the neighborhood around its orbit.The term dwarf planet was adopted in 2006 as part of a three-way categorization of bodies orbiting the Sun, brought about by an increase in discoveries of objects farther away from the Sun than Neptune that rivaled Pluto in size, and finally precipitated by the discovery of an even more massive object, Eris. The exclusion of dwarf planets from the roster of planets by the IAU has been both praised and criticized; it was said to be the ""right decision"" by astronomer Mike Brown, who discovered Eris and other new dwarf planets, but has been rejected by Alan Stern, who had coined the term dwarf planet in 1990.The International Astronomical Union (IAU) currently recognizes five dwarf planets: Ceres, Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris. Brown criticizes this official recognition: ""A reasonable person might think that this means that there are five known objects in the solar system which fit the IAU definition of dwarf planet, but this reasonable person would be nowhere close to correct.""It is suspected that another hundred or so known objects in the Solar System are dwarf planets. Estimates are that up to 200 dwarf planets may be found when the entire region known as the Kuiper belt is explored, and that the number may exceed 10,000 when objects scattered outside the Kuiper belt are considered. Individual astronomers recognize several of these, and in August 2011 Mike Brown published a list of 390 candidate objects, ranging from ""nearly certain"" to ""possible"" dwarf planets. Brown currently identifies eleven known objects – the five accepted by the IAU plus 2007 OR10, Quaoar, Sedna, Orcus, 2002 MS4 and Salacia – as ""virtually certain"", with another dozen highly likely. Stern states that there are more than a dozen known dwarf planets.However, only two of these bodies, Ceres and Pluto, have been observed in enough detail to demonstrate that they actually fit the IAU's definition. The IAU accepted Eris as a dwarf planet because it is more massive than Pluto. They subsequently decided that unnamed trans-Neptunian objects with an absolute magnitude brighter than +1 (and hence a diameter of ≥838 km assuming a geometric albedo of ≤1) are to be named under the assumption that they are dwarf planets. The only two such objects known at the time, Makemake and Haumea, went through this naming procedure and were declared to be dwarf planets. The question of whether other likely objects are dwarf planets has never been addressed by the IAU. The classification of bodies in other planetary systems with the characteristics of dwarf planets has not been addressed.