Metabolic downregulation during diapause in embryos of Artemia
... metabolic depression achieved. In order to withstand such environmental challenges, it is crucial to depress both energy consuming and energy producing pathways. Otherwise it is possible that cellular energy reserves would be depleted and the organism will reach an energetic state from which recover ...
... metabolic depression achieved. In order to withstand such environmental challenges, it is crucial to depress both energy consuming and energy producing pathways. Otherwise it is possible that cellular energy reserves would be depleted and the organism will reach an energetic state from which recover ...
A STUDY OF THE ROLES OF SELECTED ARGININE AND
... the process is a very complex and thus requires a balance between clot formation (coagulation) and clot dissolution (fibrinolysis) (Figure 1-1). If the balance shifts toward coagulation, thrombotic events such as heart attack or stroke may occur. On the other hand, if the balance shifts toward fibri ...
... the process is a very complex and thus requires a balance between clot formation (coagulation) and clot dissolution (fibrinolysis) (Figure 1-1). If the balance shifts toward coagulation, thrombotic events such as heart attack or stroke may occur. On the other hand, if the balance shifts toward fibri ...
REGULATION OF CYTOCHROME P450 BY
... structure for P450 2C9 complexed with flurbiprofen (Wester et al,, 2004), The structure was obtained without modifications to the catalytic domain, revealing some significant conformational differences. The more recent structure helps explain some experimental observations in terms of the substrate ...
... structure for P450 2C9 complexed with flurbiprofen (Wester et al,, 2004), The structure was obtained without modifications to the catalytic domain, revealing some significant conformational differences. The more recent structure helps explain some experimental observations in terms of the substrate ...
NAGS - BMC Biochemistry
... P. bermudensis, O. alexandrii and M. maris), which were aligned using ClustalW. ...
... P. bermudensis, O. alexandrii and M. maris), which were aligned using ClustalW. ...
Contribution of 13C-NMR spectroscopy to the elucidation of
... Theoretically, glucose may also be fermented to acetate, CO2 and hydrogen, which are subsequently further converted to propionate (Table 1). Such a reaction should be possible if a homoacetogenic bacterium is grown together with D. propionicus in the absence of sulfate. Desulfobulbus is able to conv ...
... Theoretically, glucose may also be fermented to acetate, CO2 and hydrogen, which are subsequently further converted to propionate (Table 1). Such a reaction should be possible if a homoacetogenic bacterium is grown together with D. propionicus in the absence of sulfate. Desulfobulbus is able to conv ...
Catalytic Mechanism and Regulation of Mammalian Adenylyl Cyclases
... cAMP is a key player in the intracellular signaling pathways of hormones, neurotransmitters, odorants, and chemokines. By activating PKA and cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels, this protean second messenger can change cellular attributes as diverse as the membrane potential and the rate of cell di ...
... cAMP is a key player in the intracellular signaling pathways of hormones, neurotransmitters, odorants, and chemokines. By activating PKA and cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels, this protean second messenger can change cellular attributes as diverse as the membrane potential and the rate of cell di ...
ASD v2.0: updated content and novel features
... In the new version of ASD 2.0, the allosteric proteins and allosteric modulators deposited have been approximately trebled to 1286 and 22 008, the allosteric interactions and allosteric diseases increased to 23 099 and 565, respectively, and for the first time, 218 unique allosteric site structures a ...
... In the new version of ASD 2.0, the allosteric proteins and allosteric modulators deposited have been approximately trebled to 1286 and 22 008, the allosteric interactions and allosteric diseases increased to 23 099 and 565, respectively, and for the first time, 218 unique allosteric site structures a ...
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a metabolic regulator of
... sir-2.1 exhibit a longer life span [8]. Although it is not yet clear whether nematode Sir-2.1 exhibits an NADdependent deacetylase activity, NAD is likely to play a role in regulating worm Sir2.1. Moreover, both human and mouse Sir2p have been shown to function as NADdependent p53 deacetylases [21,2 ...
... sir-2.1 exhibit a longer life span [8]. Although it is not yet clear whether nematode Sir-2.1 exhibits an NADdependent deacetylase activity, NAD is likely to play a role in regulating worm Sir2.1. Moreover, both human and mouse Sir2p have been shown to function as NADdependent p53 deacetylases [21,2 ...
Investigating the Role of ADP-forming Acetyl-CoA
... activity and His533, the proposed second phosphorylation site, is important but not essential. Likewise, Glu213, proposed to play a role in phosphorylation/ dephosphorylation of His252, is also required but Asp674 thought to stabilize the phosphohistidine is not. These results suggest that EhACD fo ...
... activity and His533, the proposed second phosphorylation site, is important but not essential. Likewise, Glu213, proposed to play a role in phosphorylation/ dephosphorylation of His252, is also required but Asp674 thought to stabilize the phosphohistidine is not. These results suggest that EhACD fo ...
Supplementary materials - Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
... taking the regions to include the 500bp upstream of the transcription start site. In either case, we computed enrichment of the polymorphisms in a gene group of interest (case group) by comparing the distribution of the number of polymorphisms between the group and a control group. The control group ...
... taking the regions to include the 500bp upstream of the transcription start site. In either case, we computed enrichment of the polymorphisms in a gene group of interest (case group) by comparing the distribution of the number of polymorphisms between the group and a control group. The control group ...
Glucosamine-Induced Insulin Resistance in Primary Rat
... insulin and glucagon during fed and fasting states (Flakoll PJ 2000). Insulin, a hormone secreted by the P- cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, plays an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis and is secreted in response to elevated blood glucose. Glucagon, a hormone secrete ...
... insulin and glucagon during fed and fasting states (Flakoll PJ 2000). Insulin, a hormone secreted by the P- cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, plays an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis and is secreted in response to elevated blood glucose. Glucagon, a hormone secrete ...
New insight into the photoheterotrophic growth of the
... Purple non-sulfur bacteria are well known for their metabolic versatility. One of these bacteria, Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H, has been selected by the European Space Agency to ensure the photoheterotrophic assimilation of volatile fatty acids in its regenerative life support system, MELiSSA. Here, we ...
... Purple non-sulfur bacteria are well known for their metabolic versatility. One of these bacteria, Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H, has been selected by the European Space Agency to ensure the photoheterotrophic assimilation of volatile fatty acids in its regenerative life support system, MELiSSA. Here, we ...
principles of metabolic regulation: glucose and glycogen
... carbon skeleton of every one of its molecules. When a cell “decides” to use glucose 6-phosphate for one purpose, that decision affects all the other pathways for which glucose 6-phosphate is a precursor or intermediate; any change in the allocation of glucose 6-phosphate to one pathway affects, dire ...
... carbon skeleton of every one of its molecules. When a cell “decides” to use glucose 6-phosphate for one purpose, that decision affects all the other pathways for which glucose 6-phosphate is a precursor or intermediate; any change in the allocation of glucose 6-phosphate to one pathway affects, dire ...
Bacterial methionine biosynthesis
... Methionine is essential in all organisms, as it is both a proteinogenic amino acid and a component of the cofactor, S-adenosyl methionine. The metabolic pathway for its biosynthesis has been extensively characterized in Escherichia coli; however, it is becoming apparent that most bacterial species d ...
... Methionine is essential in all organisms, as it is both a proteinogenic amino acid and a component of the cofactor, S-adenosyl methionine. The metabolic pathway for its biosynthesis has been extensively characterized in Escherichia coli; however, it is becoming apparent that most bacterial species d ...
Identification of a structural motif that confers specific interaction with
... lethal phenotype of the cop1-5 null mutation when overexpressed in plants (Figure 4). However, when the seedlings were grown in constant white light, the hypocotyl length differed between the lines. At higher light intensity, 200 mmol/m2/s, the E592R substitution results in slightly longer hypocotyl ...
... lethal phenotype of the cop1-5 null mutation when overexpressed in plants (Figure 4). However, when the seedlings were grown in constant white light, the hypocotyl length differed between the lines. At higher light intensity, 200 mmol/m2/s, the E592R substitution results in slightly longer hypocotyl ...
Hormone sensitive lipase: structure, function and
... Several consensus sequences generally present in TATA-less promoter could indeed be found (Figure 6). It contains an CAC-box between -83 and -76 which can bind Sp1 and related transcription factors which possibly participate in the trans-activation of the human HSL promoter (Bucher et al. 1990, Bois ...
... Several consensus sequences generally present in TATA-less promoter could indeed be found (Figure 6). It contains an CAC-box between -83 and -76 which can bind Sp1 and related transcription factors which possibly participate in the trans-activation of the human HSL promoter (Bucher et al. 1990, Bois ...
Glycogen Metabolism
... transition to the active (relaxed) state. The phosphorylated enzyme is less sensitive to allosteric inhibitors. Thus, even if cellular ATP & glucose-6-phosphate are high, Phosphorylase will be active. ...
... transition to the active (relaxed) state. The phosphorylated enzyme is less sensitive to allosteric inhibitors. Thus, even if cellular ATP & glucose-6-phosphate are high, Phosphorylase will be active. ...
Glycogen Metabolism
... transition to the active (relaxed) state. The phosphorylated enzyme is less sensitive to allosteric inhibitors. Thus, even if cellular ATP & glucose-6-phosphate are high, Phosphorylase will be active. ...
... transition to the active (relaxed) state. The phosphorylated enzyme is less sensitive to allosteric inhibitors. Thus, even if cellular ATP & glucose-6-phosphate are high, Phosphorylase will be active. ...
Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum for the -threonine
... surviving multiple rounds of mutation are genetically undefined and vulnerable to further changes, occurring especially from random mutations, which at best will result in marginal increases in yield and resistance to more stringent process requirements. Obviously, directed genetic manipulations are ...
... surviving multiple rounds of mutation are genetically undefined and vulnerable to further changes, occurring especially from random mutations, which at best will result in marginal increases in yield and resistance to more stringent process requirements. Obviously, directed genetic manipulations are ...
The metabolic basis of Candida albicans
... (Niimi et al., 1980; White and Larsen, 1997; Cheng et al., 2006). Despite many studies showing the effect of small molecules on fungal morphogenesis, the pathways that recognize such signals and their effect on virulence are poorly characterized. Thus, this article reviews our current knowledge of C ...
... (Niimi et al., 1980; White and Larsen, 1997; Cheng et al., 2006). Despite many studies showing the effect of small molecules on fungal morphogenesis, the pathways that recognize such signals and their effect on virulence are poorly characterized. Thus, this article reviews our current knowledge of C ...
Biochemistry 304 2014 Student Edition Glycolysis Lectures
... Hexokinase Control Hexokinase is inhibited by Glucose –6-P (its product). Indicates that the cell has sufficient energy supply. This will leave glucose in the blood. Special case of liver: glucokinase (an isozyme) not inhibited by glucose-6-P. Has a 50-fold LOWER affinity for glucose. Functions to ...
... Hexokinase Control Hexokinase is inhibited by Glucose –6-P (its product). Indicates that the cell has sufficient energy supply. This will leave glucose in the blood. Special case of liver: glucokinase (an isozyme) not inhibited by glucose-6-P. Has a 50-fold LOWER affinity for glucose. Functions to ...
Flux limitations in the ortho pathway of benzoate
... for E. coli for the biosynthesis of building blocks (Ingraham e t al., 1983; Holms, 1986) together with the kinetic constants observed during exponential growth on benzoate, carbon flux distribution through the central metabolism and associated energetic yields were estimated (Fig. 2a; Table 1). The ...
... for E. coli for the biosynthesis of building blocks (Ingraham e t al., 1983; Holms, 1986) together with the kinetic constants observed during exponential growth on benzoate, carbon flux distribution through the central metabolism and associated energetic yields were estimated (Fig. 2a; Table 1). The ...
Chapter 8: Energy generation:glycolysis
... Oxygen is used up during the reaction, so in chemical terms the process is an oxidation. Glucose oxidation is a highly exergonic reaction, yielding 2870 kJ of energy for every mole of glucose that is broken down. In biochemical terms, this is a substantial amount of energy; a typical endergonic enzy ...
... Oxygen is used up during the reaction, so in chemical terms the process is an oxidation. Glucose oxidation is a highly exergonic reaction, yielding 2870 kJ of energy for every mole of glucose that is broken down. In biochemical terms, this is a substantial amount of energy; a typical endergonic enzy ...
20 Insulin Secretion and Action
... physiologic and biochemical studies have led to identification of regulatory sequence motifs along the insulin promoter and the binding proteins, such as islet-restricted proteins (BETA2, PDX-1, RIP3b1-Act/ C1) and ubiquitous proteins (E2A, HEB). Their DNAbinding activity and transactivating potency ...
... physiologic and biochemical studies have led to identification of regulatory sequence motifs along the insulin promoter and the binding proteins, such as islet-restricted proteins (BETA2, PDX-1, RIP3b1-Act/ C1) and ubiquitous proteins (E2A, HEB). Their DNAbinding activity and transactivating potency ...
SURVEY AND SUMMARY A profusion of upstream open reading
... conservation between uCCs from different phyla almost all examples have two adjacent proline residues near the C-terminus. In animals belonging to six phyla the uCC ends with another proline followed by a serine—a dipeptide sequence identical to the C-terminus of the ‘short’ uORF regulating the expre ...
... conservation between uCCs from different phyla almost all examples have two adjacent proline residues near the C-terminus. In animals belonging to six phyla the uCC ends with another proline followed by a serine—a dipeptide sequence identical to the C-terminus of the ‘short’ uORF regulating the expre ...