Selecting Degenerate Multiplex PCR Primers
... It is important to note that the degeneracy of a given _ -primer increases or remains the same, with the addition of additional sequence fragments. This observation permits us to employ a strategy which ignores degenerate primers with high degeneracy, in order to speed up the algorithm. Therefore, t ...
... It is important to note that the degeneracy of a given _ -primer increases or remains the same, with the addition of additional sequence fragments. This observation permits us to employ a strategy which ignores degenerate primers with high degeneracy, in order to speed up the algorithm. Therefore, t ...
List of references - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... Kawagoe, Y. and U. Kikuta. 1991. Chloroplast DNA evolution in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). TAG 81:13-20. Kemble, R.J. et al. 1986. Mitochondrial DNA rearrangements in somatic hybrids of Solanum tuberosum and S. brevidens. TAG 72:787-793. Kidane-Marian, H.M. et al. 1985. Comparisons between 4X x 2X ...
... Kawagoe, Y. and U. Kikuta. 1991. Chloroplast DNA evolution in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). TAG 81:13-20. Kemble, R.J. et al. 1986. Mitochondrial DNA rearrangements in somatic hybrids of Solanum tuberosum and S. brevidens. TAG 72:787-793. Kidane-Marian, H.M. et al. 1985. Comparisons between 4X x 2X ...
Descriptive analysis and inference of Higher
... Humans, on an evolutionary scale, are quite young. Our ancestors were living in Africa, about 100,000 years ago. Since we are separated by them only by a few thousand generations, large pieces of the chromosomes without any alteration, were inherited from parents to their offspring. It is also known ...
... Humans, on an evolutionary scale, are quite young. Our ancestors were living in Africa, about 100,000 years ago. Since we are separated by them only by a few thousand generations, large pieces of the chromosomes without any alteration, were inherited from parents to their offspring. It is also known ...
The use of genetic markers in poultry breeding
... populations comes from human studies. The human population structure can not be manipulated, sohuman studies focus onderiving optimalmethods toanalyzedata of agiven design. In poultry, on the other hand, the reproductive capacity of the male and female animals allow for great flexibility inthedesign ...
... populations comes from human studies. The human population structure can not be manipulated, sohuman studies focus onderiving optimalmethods toanalyzedata of agiven design. In poultry, on the other hand, the reproductive capacity of the male and female animals allow for great flexibility inthedesign ...
The genetic consequences of selection in natural populations
... So far this model has ignored dominance, which has important implications for the calculation of s. In population genetic models of directional selection, dominance is most often accounted for with the dominance coefficient, h. In the single locus, two-allele model described above, the fitness of ea ...
... So far this model has ignored dominance, which has important implications for the calculation of s. In population genetic models of directional selection, dominance is most often accounted for with the dominance coefficient, h. In the single locus, two-allele model described above, the fitness of ea ...
Laboratory testing of CYP2D6 alleles in relation to tamoxifen therapy
... subfamilies that are designated alphabetically in the order in which they are described (e.g., *2A, *2B, and *2C). Unlike many heritable disease mutations, each CYP2D6 allele may include several single-nucleotide polymorphisms — a haplotype, rather than a single-site mutation. The *1 (wild-type) all ...
... subfamilies that are designated alphabetically in the order in which they are described (e.g., *2A, *2B, and *2C). Unlike many heritable disease mutations, each CYP2D6 allele may include several single-nucleotide polymorphisms — a haplotype, rather than a single-site mutation. The *1 (wild-type) all ...
Designs for QTL detection in livestock and their implications for MAS
... insemination (AI) and field data recording is widespread, such as in dairy cattle. In these halfsib designs, genotypes are collected on a number of grandsires and their half-sib offspring. Phenotypes are either collected on the half-sib offspring themselves or on a group of progeny from each half-si ...
... insemination (AI) and field data recording is widespread, such as in dairy cattle. In these halfsib designs, genotypes are collected on a number of grandsires and their half-sib offspring. Phenotypes are either collected on the half-sib offspring themselves or on a group of progeny from each half-si ...
Mapping quantitative trait loci with dominant and missing markers in
... missing or dominant phenotypes, QTL mapping can be almost as efficient as if there were no missing information in the data. The efficiency of the analysis, however, may decrease substantially when a very large proportion of markers contain missing or dominant phenotypes and a genetic map has to be r ...
... missing or dominant phenotypes, QTL mapping can be almost as efficient as if there were no missing information in the data. The efficiency of the analysis, however, may decrease substantially when a very large proportion of markers contain missing or dominant phenotypes and a genetic map has to be r ...
the evolution of dominance in sporophytic self
... drawn at random. To investigate the strength of FS as a parameter in the simulation, the number of times that an incompatible pollen parent genotype could be drawn from the population before rejecting the seed parent (denoted “NP” below) was varied. If a seed parent was rejected due to lack of a com ...
... drawn at random. To investigate the strength of FS as a parameter in the simulation, the number of times that an incompatible pollen parent genotype could be drawn from the population before rejecting the seed parent (denoted “NP” below) was varied. If a seed parent was rejected due to lack of a com ...
The X Chromosome in Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping
... autosome. Our methods have been implemented in the package R/qtl. ...
... autosome. Our methods have been implemented in the package R/qtl. ...
Entering the second century of maize quantitative genetics
... these candidate genes were also discovered by mutagenesis experiments, where mutants are generally selected based on their large phenotypic effect. If the effect size in nature is similar to that seen in Heredity ...
... these candidate genes were also discovered by mutagenesis experiments, where mutants are generally selected based on their large phenotypic effect. If the effect size in nature is similar to that seen in Heredity ...
One- and Two-Locus Selection Theory
... are constant and frequency-independent (not themselves functions of allele frequencies, which can be formally stated as ∂Wij /∂pk = 0 for all i, j, and k). Since p(1 − p) ≥ 0, the sign of ∆p is the same as the sign of d ln W /dp, implying that allele frequencies change to locally maximize mean fitne ...
... are constant and frequency-independent (not themselves functions of allele frequencies, which can be formally stated as ∂Wij /∂pk = 0 for all i, j, and k). Since p(1 − p) ≥ 0, the sign of ∆p is the same as the sign of d ln W /dp, implying that allele frequencies change to locally maximize mean fitne ...
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci in Multiple Populations of
... The majority of biological traits are genetically complex. Mapping the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that determine these phenotypes is a powerful means for estimating many parameters of the genetic architecture for a trait and potentially identifying the genes responsible for natural variation. Typ ...
... The majority of biological traits are genetically complex. Mapping the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that determine these phenotypes is a powerful means for estimating many parameters of the genetic architecture for a trait and potentially identifying the genes responsible for natural variation. Typ ...
IBS Methods for Affected Pairs Linkage
... "The availability of a large number of DNA markers has made possible mapping projects with the certainty that if: (a) a major gene exists for a trait; (b) the trait is reasonably homogeneous; (c) there is sufficient family material available; then a linked marker can be found." ...
... "The availability of a large number of DNA markers has made possible mapping projects with the certainty that if: (a) a major gene exists for a trait; (b) the trait is reasonably homogeneous; (c) there is sufficient family material available; then a linked marker can be found." ...
VCR 221 - Potato - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... Kidane-Marian, H.M. et al. 1985. Comparisons between 4X x 2X hybrid and open pollinated true-potato-seed families. Potato Res. 28:35-42. Kikuchi, S., X. Liu, W.B. Frommer, M. Koster-Topfer and L. Willmitzer. 1991. Identification and structural characterization of further DNA elements in the potato ...
... Kidane-Marian, H.M. et al. 1985. Comparisons between 4X x 2X hybrid and open pollinated true-potato-seed families. Potato Res. 28:35-42. Kikuchi, S., X. Liu, W.B. Frommer, M. Koster-Topfer and L. Willmitzer. 1991. Identification and structural characterization of further DNA elements in the potato ...
PDF - NIMH Genetics
... Model-free linkage analysis can be a favorable method of analysis for complex disease traits since there are no assumptions about mode of inheritance, disease allele frequencies, and penetrance. However, even without specifying models correctly, parametric analyses can be a more powerful test given ...
... Model-free linkage analysis can be a favorable method of analysis for complex disease traits since there are no assumptions about mode of inheritance, disease allele frequencies, and penetrance. However, even without specifying models correctly, parametric analyses can be a more powerful test given ...
Multiple Routes to Subfunctionalization and Gene Duplicate
... framework again assumes that during the preduplication phase, evolution is frozen and no genetic variation is possible. In effect, it argues that duplications diverge because of multifunctional proteins but kicks back the question of how multifunctional genes arise. The problem with this view is tha ...
... framework again assumes that during the preduplication phase, evolution is frozen and no genetic variation is possible. In effect, it argues that duplications diverge because of multifunctional proteins but kicks back the question of how multifunctional genes arise. The problem with this view is tha ...
Complement factor H genetic variant and age
... Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an important cause of blindness in adults worldwide.1 Early identification of individuals at greater risk of disease and, in particular, late-stage AMD, which is most sight threatening, might help target preventative interventions to those at highest risk. M ...
... Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an important cause of blindness in adults worldwide.1 Early identification of individuals at greater risk of disease and, in particular, late-stage AMD, which is most sight threatening, might help target preventative interventions to those at highest risk. M ...
Introduction of the AmpliChip CYP450 Test to a prospective cohort study
... was to compare the AmpliChip CYP450 TestW (AmpliChip) to alternative genotyping platforms for phenotype prediction of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 in a representative cohort of the South African population. Methods: AmpliChip was used to screen for thirty-three CYP2D6 and three CYP2C19 alleles in two differen ...
... was to compare the AmpliChip CYP450 TestW (AmpliChip) to alternative genotyping platforms for phenotype prediction of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 in a representative cohort of the South African population. Methods: AmpliChip was used to screen for thirty-three CYP2D6 and three CYP2C19 alleles in two differen ...
drosophila melanogaster.
... rather quickly by artificial selection. It was also noted that genetic random drift plays an important role when the number of individuals selected is small. In the present paper the results of simulated natural selection will be presented. I n a mathematical study of the effect of selection of doub ...
... rather quickly by artificial selection. It was also noted that genetic random drift plays an important role when the number of individuals selected is small. In the present paper the results of simulated natural selection will be presented. I n a mathematical study of the effect of selection of doub ...
Linkage Analysis Package
... “Affection status” refers to the presence or absence of disease. The programs assume that an affected individual will have the phenotype code “2” and that an unknown individual will have the code “0.” By convention, “1” is used to designate unaffected status (in fact, this code can be any integer va ...
... “Affection status” refers to the presence or absence of disease. The programs assume that an affected individual will have the phenotype code “2” and that an unknown individual will have the code “0.” By convention, “1” is used to designate unaffected status (in fact, this code can be any integer va ...
Molecular Genetics of Bipolar Disorder and Related Traits
... research is fundamentally important to the field of medicine and to the elucidation of the basic mechanisms of biological systems. In this thesis different applications of statistical methods have been used to explore the genetic component of bipolar disorder and related traits. Here, 41 families af ...
... research is fundamentally important to the field of medicine and to the elucidation of the basic mechanisms of biological systems. In this thesis different applications of statistical methods have been used to explore the genetic component of bipolar disorder and related traits. Here, 41 families af ...
Multivariate Analysis of Genotype–Phenotype Association
... ABSTRACT With the advent of modern imaging and measurement technology, complex phenotypes are increasingly represented by large numbers of measurements, which may not bear biological meaning one by one. For such multivariate phenotypes, studying the pairwise associations between all measurements and ...
... ABSTRACT With the advent of modern imaging and measurement technology, complex phenotypes are increasingly represented by large numbers of measurements, which may not bear biological meaning one by one. For such multivariate phenotypes, studying the pairwise associations between all measurements and ...
Tag SNP
A tag SNP is a representative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in a region of the genome with high linkage disequilibrium that represents a group of SNPs called a haplotype. It is possible to identify genetic variation and association to phenotypes without genotyping every SNP in a chromosomal region. This reduces the expense and time of mapping genome areas associated with disease, since it eliminates the need to study every individual SNP. Tag SNPs are useful in whole-genome SNP association studies in which hundreds of thousands of SNPs across the entire genome are genotyped.