Environmental factors affecting the densities of owls in
... densities in forest habitats than in farmland (e.g., Galeotti 2001 and references therein). The densities of the long-eared owl are similar to those reported from Europe (Cramp & Simmons 1980). In general, the analysis of the effect of land use on owl densities showed that they are positively affected ...
... densities in forest habitats than in farmland (e.g., Galeotti 2001 and references therein). The densities of the long-eared owl are similar to those reported from Europe (Cramp & Simmons 1980). In general, the analysis of the effect of land use on owl densities showed that they are positively affected ...
Evaluation of proposed ecologically and biologically
... The boundaries for the identified EBSAs were based on expert knowledge and are presented as solid lines on maps. In practice, these should be considered as dynamic and uncertain (fuzzy) boundaries which depend on the characteristics of the constituent species and the underlying oceanographic feature ...
... The boundaries for the identified EBSAs were based on expert knowledge and are presented as solid lines on maps. In practice, these should be considered as dynamic and uncertain (fuzzy) boundaries which depend on the characteristics of the constituent species and the underlying oceanographic feature ...
Living together: behavior and welfare in single and mixed species
... of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) and squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) housed at the Living Links to Human Evolution Research Centre in the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland’s Edinburgh Zoo. These species associate in the wild, gaining foraging benefits and decreased predation. But Cebus are ...
... of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) and squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) housed at the Living Links to Human Evolution Research Centre in the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland’s Edinburgh Zoo. These species associate in the wild, gaining foraging benefits and decreased predation. But Cebus are ...
Human-Induced Trophic Cascades along the Fecal Detritus Pathway
... encounter. Data on mammal individuals were pooled across space (i.e. along the transect length) and time (i.e. across all census events, 2008–2010), and divided by the total number of kilometers walked, resulting in estimates of abundance corrected for sampling effort for each species observed. For ...
... encounter. Data on mammal individuals were pooled across space (i.e. along the transect length) and time (i.e. across all census events, 2008–2010), and divided by the total number of kilometers walked, resulting in estimates of abundance corrected for sampling effort for each species observed. For ...
Experimental Tests of the Dependence of Arthropod Diversity on Plant Diversity
... In August 1993, the field was sprayed with a general herbicide (Round-Up, Monsanto, St. Louis) and burned after the vegetation was dead and dry. The upper 6–8 cm of sod and soil were then removed to reduce the seed bank. The remaining soil was plowed and repeatedly disked. In spring 1994, the field ...
... In August 1993, the field was sprayed with a general herbicide (Round-Up, Monsanto, St. Louis) and burned after the vegetation was dead and dry. The upper 6–8 cm of sod and soil were then removed to reduce the seed bank. The remaining soil was plowed and repeatedly disked. In spring 1994, the field ...
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning Further
... Biodiversity is now known to be a major determinant, perhaps the major determinant, of community and ecosystem dynamics and functioning. This discovery, which required two decades of research by hundreds of ecologists from around the world, represents a major reversal from the paradigm of the 1970s ...
... Biodiversity is now known to be a major determinant, perhaps the major determinant, of community and ecosystem dynamics and functioning. This discovery, which required two decades of research by hundreds of ecologists from around the world, represents a major reversal from the paradigm of the 1970s ...
Asymmetry of mandibular dentition is associated with dietary
... for that. Even in this case, the present result of the feeding experiment suggests that P. formosensis would more often consume slugs. Clearly, more data on the life history including dietary information and prey preference are required to disentangle this enigma of the weak DA in P. formosensis. Di ...
... for that. Even in this case, the present result of the feeding experiment suggests that P. formosensis would more often consume slugs. Clearly, more data on the life history including dietary information and prey preference are required to disentangle this enigma of the weak DA in P. formosensis. Di ...
The State of South Africa`s Biodiversity 2012
... The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) is a public entity that falls under the Department of Environmental Affairs. Established in 2004 in terms of the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act (Act 10 of 2004), SANBI leads and co-ordinates research, and monitors and rep ...
... The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) is a public entity that falls under the Department of Environmental Affairs. Established in 2004 in terms of the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act (Act 10 of 2004), SANBI leads and co-ordinates research, and monitors and rep ...
Chapter 8 Diversity and ecosystem function Jan Lepš Dr. Jan Lepš
... species-poor boreal regions than in the species-rich tropics, and they are also more common in species-poor manmade communities (agro-ecosystems and planted monocultures of woody species) than in the species-rich natural communities. However, in all those comparisons, variation in species richness i ...
... species-poor boreal regions than in the species-rich tropics, and they are also more common in species-poor manmade communities (agro-ecosystems and planted monocultures of woody species) than in the species-rich natural communities. However, in all those comparisons, variation in species richness i ...
On the origin, evolution and phylogeny of giraffes Giraffa
... resistant to the effects of erosion over time, and are often the only fossil remnants available on which to identify a species. Justification for use of such a tiny fragment of an animal to deduce a life history is that, although tooth morphology is far from constant and evolves, it is highly heredi ...
... resistant to the effects of erosion over time, and are often the only fossil remnants available on which to identify a species. Justification for use of such a tiny fragment of an animal to deduce a life history is that, although tooth morphology is far from constant and evolves, it is highly heredi ...
studies on the ecology and population biology
... in sympatry at a number of sites in Ecuador. The three species—A. chloris, A. festae, and A. peraccae—are roughly the same body size. These species perch primarily on tree trunks, and A. chloris perches substantially higher than the other two species, which are similar in perch height. Large differe ...
... in sympatry at a number of sites in Ecuador. The three species—A. chloris, A. festae, and A. peraccae—are roughly the same body size. These species perch primarily on tree trunks, and A. chloris perches substantially higher than the other two species, which are similar in perch height. Large differe ...
EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF EFFECTS OF PLANT PRODUCTIVITY AND E S
... (Price et al. 1980). Comparisons of the diversities of predators and parasites in agricultural monocultures and polycultures have found, but have not been able to explain, lower diversities of parasites and predators in polycultures (Pimentel 1961, Root 1973). This suggests that interaction modifica ...
... (Price et al. 1980). Comparisons of the diversities of predators and parasites in agricultural monocultures and polycultures have found, but have not been able to explain, lower diversities of parasites and predators in polycultures (Pimentel 1961, Root 1973). This suggests that interaction modifica ...
Biodiversity, Stability, and Productivity in Competitive Communities
... pend on diversity. Throughout the article, we use “diversity” to mean simply the total number of species in a community. Despite the differences among the models, all revealed consistent effects of diversity on temporal stability: community variability decreased and population variability increased ...
... pend on diversity. Throughout the article, we use “diversity” to mean simply the total number of species in a community. Despite the differences among the models, all revealed consistent effects of diversity on temporal stability: community variability decreased and population variability increased ...
Demographic controls of aboveground forest biomass across North
... of forest carbon, changes in the global terrestrial carbon sink remain the largest uncertainty in predictive models of the Earth’s coupled carbon–climate system (Friedlingstein et al. 2006). The biomass of living trees represents a large share of all vegetation carbon, and is also the precursor to a ...
... of forest carbon, changes in the global terrestrial carbon sink remain the largest uncertainty in predictive models of the Earth’s coupled carbon–climate system (Friedlingstein et al. 2006). The biomass of living trees represents a large share of all vegetation carbon, and is also the precursor to a ...
a chameleon as predator of butterflies and its avoidance of known
... which represents the fastest possible reaction time. The results were very conclusive. Pierids were the most acceptable prey, and nearly 90% of all offers were accepted immediately, the average reaction time being 2.7 seconds. Similarly, 80% of all Lycaenids and Hesperiids were accepted, the average ...
... which represents the fastest possible reaction time. The results were very conclusive. Pierids were the most acceptable prey, and nearly 90% of all offers were accepted immediately, the average reaction time being 2.7 seconds. Similarly, 80% of all Lycaenids and Hesperiids were accepted, the average ...
Feeding Relationships Among Species of Notropis (Pisces
... sand shiner, N. stramineus. Vast numbers of these four species may often be found in the small pools of Roxbury Creek. The two other species of Notropis collected from Roxbury Creek were less common. Schools of N. atherinoides often harbored small numbers of N. blennius. Notropis cornutus was collec ...
... sand shiner, N. stramineus. Vast numbers of these four species may often be found in the small pools of Roxbury Creek. The two other species of Notropis collected from Roxbury Creek were less common. Schools of N. atherinoides often harbored small numbers of N. blennius. Notropis cornutus was collec ...
Response of endemic and exotic earthworm communities to
... for more than 30 years, and the Punakaiki Coastal Restoration Project (West Coast) where 130,000 native trees have been planted in retired pasture in the last seven years. At each site, soil ...
... for more than 30 years, and the Punakaiki Coastal Restoration Project (West Coast) where 130,000 native trees have been planted in retired pasture in the last seven years. At each site, soil ...
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning - annurev-ecolsys
... Biodiversity is now known to be a major determinant, perhaps the major determinant, of community and ecosystem dynamics and functioning. This discovery, which required two decades of research by hundreds of ecologists from around the world, represents a major reversal from the paradigm of the 1970s ...
... Biodiversity is now known to be a major determinant, perhaps the major determinant, of community and ecosystem dynamics and functioning. This discovery, which required two decades of research by hundreds of ecologists from around the world, represents a major reversal from the paradigm of the 1970s ...
Land use vs. fragment size and isolation as determinants
... a b s t r a c t The remaining Atlantic Forest fragments are structurally isolated by a matrix of pastures, plantations, or urban areas, and most remnants are small (<100 ha). Island biogeography theory has been used to predict the effects of such fragmentation in the remaining fragments, but human a ...
... a b s t r a c t The remaining Atlantic Forest fragments are structurally isolated by a matrix of pastures, plantations, or urban areas, and most remnants are small (<100 ha). Island biogeography theory has been used to predict the effects of such fragmentation in the remaining fragments, but human a ...
The Biology of Chameleons
... species richness and endemism. Although the fossil record is scarce, the clues provided by fossils that lead up to chameleons is rich, giving us insight to the early history of the group and ancestors. Chapter 9, Fossil History of Chameleons, takes us on a journey through time, beginning in the Cret ...
... species richness and endemism. Although the fossil record is scarce, the clues provided by fossils that lead up to chameleons is rich, giving us insight to the early history of the group and ancestors. Chapter 9, Fossil History of Chameleons, takes us on a journey through time, beginning in the Cret ...
Wulff 2005l - FSU Biology
... shape and distribution of intact surface tissue. Cut pieces were kept in the field in small mesh baskets until cut edges healed. The volume of each sponge piece was measured by displacement of water in a graduated cylinder. Initial volumes ranged from 3 to 10 cm3, but most were 4 – 7 cm3. Sponges we ...
... shape and distribution of intact surface tissue. Cut pieces were kept in the field in small mesh baskets until cut edges healed. The volume of each sponge piece was measured by displacement of water in a graduated cylinder. Initial volumes ranged from 3 to 10 cm3, but most were 4 – 7 cm3. Sponges we ...
INTERMEDIATE DISTURBANCE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO
... whether or not there are mechanisms in lakes that can create patches at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. In addition, Wilson (1994) poses the more general question of whether or not the intermediate disturbance hypothesis applies to within- or between-patch scales. The first two issues refle ...
... whether or not there are mechanisms in lakes that can create patches at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. In addition, Wilson (1994) poses the more general question of whether or not the intermediate disturbance hypothesis applies to within- or between-patch scales. The first two issues refle ...
Full Text - J
... Unfortunately, a complete list of the coral species found at the island has not yet been reported. Several studies of corals and coral reefs have been conducted by the governments of Japan and Tokyo, but lists of corals have only been published as internal reports in Japan and species identification ...
... Unfortunately, a complete list of the coral species found at the island has not yet been reported. Several studies of corals and coral reefs have been conducted by the governments of Japan and Tokyo, but lists of corals have only been published as internal reports in Japan and species identification ...
Bat remains (Mammalia, Chiroptera)
... Cuttelod, 2009) including the vast majority of the 253 European species (Aulagnier et al., 2009). Compared to the Western Mediterranean, characterized by predominant effects of palaeoendemism (Ibanez et al., 2006), the Eastern Mediterranean, including Middle East, represents a nexus in West Palaearc ...
... Cuttelod, 2009) including the vast majority of the 253 European species (Aulagnier et al., 2009). Compared to the Western Mediterranean, characterized by predominant effects of palaeoendemism (Ibanez et al., 2006), the Eastern Mediterranean, including Middle East, represents a nexus in West Palaearc ...
Ver PDF - Centro IDEAL
... data usually hampers our ability to infer causality of patterns. In addition, the effects of disturbances on local communities can be difficult to determine in systems characterised by high spatiotemporal variability in environmental conditions and population abundances [1]. Patterns in natural abun ...
... data usually hampers our ability to infer causality of patterns. In addition, the effects of disturbances on local communities can be difficult to determine in systems characterised by high spatiotemporal variability in environmental conditions and population abundances [1]. Patterns in natural abun ...
Fauna of Africa
Fauna of Africa, in its broader sense, is all the animals living in Africa and its surrounding seas and islands. The more characteristic African fauna is found in the Afrotropical ecoregion. Lying almost entirely within the tropics, and equally to north and south of the equator creates favourable conditions for rich wildlife.