Mountain Building Processes in Four-Dimensions (4D-MB)
... and numerical flow models to track variations in asthenospheric flow patterns through time. The 4D images acquired by AlpArray will go beyond existing models in which asthenospheric flow is assumed to be static over millions of years (Faccenna & Becker 2010). D. Motion and seismicity through time Se ...
... and numerical flow models to track variations in asthenospheric flow patterns through time. The 4D images acquired by AlpArray will go beyond existing models in which asthenospheric flow is assumed to be static over millions of years (Faccenna & Becker 2010). D. Motion and seismicity through time Se ...
Tripura - Ministry of Environment and Forests
... Mission on Water The likely consequences of climate change on the water front in Tripura are (i) decrease in total annual rainfall, (ii) change in rainfall pattern resulting in crop failure for not getting the rain when required and (iii) sudden bursts of rain over a small period of time which may c ...
... Mission on Water The likely consequences of climate change on the water front in Tripura are (i) decrease in total annual rainfall, (ii) change in rainfall pattern resulting in crop failure for not getting the rain when required and (iii) sudden bursts of rain over a small period of time which may c ...
3-D structure of the Rio Grande Rift from 1
... In general, surface waves dominate seismograms as the largest amplitude waves from an earthquake and have observed lower frequencies than body waves. Furthermore, surface wave velocities vary depending on the depth sampled by each period, resulting in dispersion. Measuring dispersion of surface wave ...
... In general, surface waves dominate seismograms as the largest amplitude waves from an earthquake and have observed lower frequencies than body waves. Furthermore, surface wave velocities vary depending on the depth sampled by each period, resulting in dispersion. Measuring dispersion of surface wave ...
Lithospheric layering in the North American craton
... How cratons—extremely stable continental areas of the Earth’s crust—formed and remained largely unchanged for more than 2,500 million years is much debated. Recent studies of seismic-wave receiver function data have detected a structural boundary under continental cratons at depths too shallow to be ...
... How cratons—extremely stable continental areas of the Earth’s crust—formed and remained largely unchanged for more than 2,500 million years is much debated. Recent studies of seismic-wave receiver function data have detected a structural boundary under continental cratons at depths too shallow to be ...
1-Thesis Synthesis
... capabilities to adjust, especially in already stressed economic and natural environments where vulnerability is greatest. • The scale of occurrence of its negative features are already so expensive as to be a serious and ...
... capabilities to adjust, especially in already stressed economic and natural environments where vulnerability is greatest. • The scale of occurrence of its negative features are already so expensive as to be a serious and ...
Human Adaptation to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Its
... capabilities to adjust, especially in already stressed economic and natural environments where vulnerability is greatest. • The scale of occurrence of its negative features are already so expensive as to be a serious and ...
... capabilities to adjust, especially in already stressed economic and natural environments where vulnerability is greatest. • The scale of occurrence of its negative features are already so expensive as to be a serious and ...
Climatic variation alters supply-side ecology
... Although some climatic patterns, such as the El NiñoSouthern Oscillation (ENSO) vary on relatively short timescales (3–7 years), others such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO; 20–30 years) and the recently identified North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO; ;10 years; see Di Lorenzo et al. 2008) la ...
... Although some climatic patterns, such as the El NiñoSouthern Oscillation (ENSO) vary on relatively short timescales (3–7 years), others such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO; 20–30 years) and the recently identified North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO; ;10 years; see Di Lorenzo et al. 2008) la ...
Effects of mantle and subduction-interface rheologies on slab
... of detached slabs in the lower mantle as reported by van der Meer et al. (2010) are adopted here (Čížková et al., 2012). Our assumed thermal expansivity varies with depth from 3 × 10−5 K−1 at the surface to ∼1 × 10−5 K−1 at the core-mantle boundary (Chopelas and Boehler, 1992; Katsura et al., 2009) ...
... of detached slabs in the lower mantle as reported by van der Meer et al. (2010) are adopted here (Čížková et al., 2012). Our assumed thermal expansivity varies with depth from 3 × 10−5 K−1 at the surface to ∼1 × 10−5 K−1 at the core-mantle boundary (Chopelas and Boehler, 1992; Katsura et al., 2009) ...
Annual (interim) report. Reporting Period
... the Jamboree in view of the forthcoming phase and calls. More specifically, it has to be made clear that there is a gap between taxonomic lists resulting from a field observations and habitat classes. When survey maps are made, these lists are as best as possible translated into a level 5 or 6 Eunis ...
... the Jamboree in view of the forthcoming phase and calls. More specifically, it has to be made clear that there is a gap between taxonomic lists resulting from a field observations and habitat classes. When survey maps are made, these lists are as best as possible translated into a level 5 or 6 Eunis ...
South Asia - International Institute for Sustainable Development
... community level, are not fully represented within the review. Climate Vulnerability Over the past several decades, South Asian countries have become increasingly prone to weatherrelated threats that previously had not been experienced at a regional scale, and have witnessed an increase in the intens ...
... community level, are not fully represented within the review. Climate Vulnerability Over the past several decades, South Asian countries have become increasingly prone to weatherrelated threats that previously had not been experienced at a regional scale, and have witnessed an increase in the intens ...
The Impacts of Climate Change on London
... A High Profile Launch for London’s First Climate Change Study The Mayor of London Ken Livingstone and Environment Minister Michael Meacher launched London’s Warming on 24 October 2002. The launch event was very successful, attracting a large number of people from a wide range of sectors. Many indiv ...
... A High Profile Launch for London’s First Climate Change Study The Mayor of London Ken Livingstone and Environment Minister Michael Meacher launched London’s Warming on 24 October 2002. The launch event was very successful, attracting a large number of people from a wide range of sectors. Many indiv ...
Energy and Climate Change Branch
... LMEs also deal with multiple countries affected by a shared environmental issue or concern. National - Country-level policies and strategies, such as for Green Industry, are developed to support a comprehensive shift in production patterns to a cleaner and more sustainable model. City - To improve u ...
... LMEs also deal with multiple countries affected by a shared environmental issue or concern. National - Country-level policies and strategies, such as for Green Industry, are developed to support a comprehensive shift in production patterns to a cleaner and more sustainable model. City - To improve u ...
Autotrophic and heterotrophic microbial plankton biomass in the NW
... organisms were enumerated under blue light excitation, and heterotrophic organisms were counted under excitation with UV light. It was assumed that all organisms showing red autofluorescence when excited with blue light were autotrophic, even though mixotrophic organisms are not correctly identified ...
... organisms were enumerated under blue light excitation, and heterotrophic organisms were counted under excitation with UV light. It was assumed that all organisms showing red autofluorescence when excited with blue light were autotrophic, even though mixotrophic organisms are not correctly identified ...
Climate Change and Buildings in Nigeria: A Search for Mitigation
... research. Tools for the investigation were; literature review, pilot study, questionnaires and interviews. A Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient value of 0.96 was achieved from the survey instrument used. The questionnaire had 283 participants and a total of 30 interviewees were interviewed. The quantitati ...
... research. Tools for the investigation were; literature review, pilot study, questionnaires and interviews. A Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient value of 0.96 was achieved from the survey instrument used. The questionnaire had 283 participants and a total of 30 interviewees were interviewed. The quantitati ...
Climate Proofing: A Risk-based Approach to Adaptation
... Policies, actions, and other initiatives designed to limit the potential adverse impacts arising from climate variability and change (including extreme events), and exploit any positive consequences. Adaptive capacity – The potential for adjustments, processes (both natural and human), practices, or ...
... Policies, actions, and other initiatives designed to limit the potential adverse impacts arising from climate variability and change (including extreme events), and exploit any positive consequences. Adaptive capacity – The potential for adjustments, processes (both natural and human), practices, or ...
Report - INCOIS
... often require continuous, near-real-time data availability (e.g., for marine forecasts, search and rescue). At the longer time-scales, management of agriculture, land-use change, water resources and other issues related to climate variability and change are important. The science issues also span a ...
... often require continuous, near-real-time data availability (e.g., for marine forecasts, search and rescue). At the longer time-scales, management of agriculture, land-use change, water resources and other issues related to climate variability and change are important. The science issues also span a ...
Climate Change: An Australian Guide to the Science and Potential
... The high probability of at least some global warming, given the inertia in the climate and socioeconomic systems, means that some adaptation will be necessary. This will be most efficient if the location- and activity-specific nature of the likely impacts is taken into ...
... The high probability of at least some global warming, given the inertia in the climate and socioeconomic systems, means that some adaptation will be necessary. This will be most efficient if the location- and activity-specific nature of the likely impacts is taken into ...
Proposal to conduct a Caribbean plate project involving the
... boundary. Elsewhere both convergent and transform boundaries are well developed, so the plate contains examples of all essential plate boundary features. Oceanic crust is being actively subducted beneath its eastern and western margins , and volcanic arcs are currently being constructed. In the Less ...
... boundary. Elsewhere both convergent and transform boundaries are well developed, so the plate contains examples of all essential plate boundary features. Oceanic crust is being actively subducted beneath its eastern and western margins , and volcanic arcs are currently being constructed. In the Less ...
A Climate Change Vulnerability and Risk Assessment
... Study of Atmosphere and Ocean et al. 2007). In addition, the Washington D.C.-based Center for Clean Air Policy (CCAP) has released an adaptation report as a resource for American cities and counties and has presented adaptation concerns and information to Congress (Lowe, Foster et al. 2009). An adap ...
... Study of Atmosphere and Ocean et al. 2007). In addition, the Washington D.C.-based Center for Clean Air Policy (CCAP) has released an adaptation report as a resource for American cities and counties and has presented adaptation concerns and information to Congress (Lowe, Foster et al. 2009). An adap ...
APES Review - Dave Mundy, North Kitsap High School Science
... Chapter 3 – Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work? 1. Review the Key Questions and Concepts for this chapter 7. Distinguish among photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, on p. 51. What are three harmful effects resulting from aerobic respiration, and anaerobic respiration the clearing and degradati ...
... Chapter 3 – Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work? 1. Review the Key Questions and Concepts for this chapter 7. Distinguish among photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, on p. 51. What are three harmful effects resulting from aerobic respiration, and anaerobic respiration the clearing and degradati ...
A stochastic reconstruction framework for analysis of water resource
... (GCM) and regional climate model have major limitations, in particular with respect to the representation of precipitation [e.g., Leith and Chandler, 2010; Anagnostopoulos et al., 2010]. Kundzewiz et al. [2007] presented results for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Rep ...
... (GCM) and regional climate model have major limitations, in particular with respect to the representation of precipitation [e.g., Leith and Chandler, 2010; Anagnostopoulos et al., 2010]. Kundzewiz et al. [2007] presented results for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Rep ...
Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment
The Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) is a research program of the World Climate Research Programme intended to observe, comprehend and model the Earth's water cycle. The experiment also observes how much energy the Earth receives, studies how much of that energy reaches surfaces of the Earth and how that energy is transformed. Sunlight's energy evaporates water to produce clouds and rain, and dries out land masses after rain. Rain that falls on land becomes the water budget which can be used by people for agricultural and other processes.GEWEX is a collaboration of researchers worldwide to find better ways of studying the water cycle and how it transforms energy through the atmosphere. If the Earth's climates were identical from year to year, then people could predict when, where and what crops to plant. However, instability created by solar variation, weather trends, and chaotic events create weather that is unpredictable on seasonal scales. Through weather patterns such as droughts and higher rainfall these cycles impact ecosystems and human activities. GEWEX is designed to collect a much greater amount of data, and see if better models of that data can forecast weather and climate change into the future.GEWEX is organized into several structures. As GEWEX was conceived projects were organized by participating factions, this task is now done by the International GEWEX Project Office (IGPO). IGPO oversees major initiatives and coordinates between national projects in an effort to bring about communication of researchers. IGPO claims to support communication exchange between 2000 scientist and is the instrument for publication of major reports. The Scientific Steering Group organizes the projects and assigns them to panels, which oversee progress and provide critique. The Coordinated Energy and Water Cycle Observations Project (CEOP) the 'Hydrology Project' is a major instrument in GEWEX. This panel includes geographic study areas such as the Climate Prediction Program for the Americas operated by NOAA, but also examines several types of climate zones (e.g. high altitude and semi-arid). Another panel, the GEWEX Radiation Panel oversees the coordinated use of satellites and ground based observation to better estimate energy and water fluxes. One recent result GEWEX's Radiation panel has assessed data on rainfall for the last 25 years and determined that that global rainfall is 2.61 mm/day with a small statistical variation. While the study period is short, after 25 years of measurement regional trends are beginning to appear. The GEWEX Modeling and Prediction Panel takes current models and analyzes the models when climate forcing phenomena occur (global warming as an example of a 'climate forcing' event). GEWEX is now the core project of WCRP.