The making of a riskier future: How our decisions are
... The text in this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit uses, without special permission, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The GFDRR Secretariat would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this report as a sour ...
... The text in this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit uses, without special permission, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The GFDRR Secretariat would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this report as a sour ...
Review of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)
... high-qualit y research. The Programme has helped the world understand the trends and cycles of natural climate change and human-induced greenhouse warming. The success and recognition of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is built largely on the research result s of WCRP and IGBP ( ...
... high-qualit y research. The Programme has helped the world understand the trends and cycles of natural climate change and human-induced greenhouse warming. The success and recognition of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is built largely on the research result s of WCRP and IGBP ( ...
climate change and the south african commercial forestry sector
... suitable area occurring when both temperature and rainfall are increased. The same pattern, although with greater fluctuations, is evident in the Eastern Cape. In Mpumalanga province, however, the climatically optimum area for A. mearnsii increases when the temperature is increased by 1°C and 2°C, p ...
... suitable area occurring when both temperature and rainfall are increased. The same pattern, although with greater fluctuations, is evident in the Eastern Cape. In Mpumalanga province, however, the climatically optimum area for A. mearnsii increases when the temperature is increased by 1°C and 2°C, p ...
Mngumi, Julius (2016) Perceptions of climate change
... ways environmental changes affect their livelihoods. Farmers perceived that changes in climatic variables such as rainfall and temperature had occurred in their area over the period of three decades, and associated these changes with climate change and environmental variability. Farmers’ perceptions ...
... ways environmental changes affect their livelihoods. Farmers perceived that changes in climatic variables such as rainfall and temperature had occurred in their area over the period of three decades, and associated these changes with climate change and environmental variability. Farmers’ perceptions ...
Differential sensitivity to regional‑scale drought in six central
... heat waves [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2007, 2012; Smith 2011]. Of the latter, drought defined by the IPCC as a “prolonged absence or marked deficiency of precipitation”, is likely to have the most severe, immediate and long-term impact on terrestrial ecosystems (e.g., Weaver a ...
... heat waves [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2007, 2012; Smith 2011]. Of the latter, drought defined by the IPCC as a “prolonged absence or marked deficiency of precipitation”, is likely to have the most severe, immediate and long-term impact on terrestrial ecosystems (e.g., Weaver a ...
standing tall - National Wildlife Federation
... I. CLIMATE IS CHANGING IN THE SOUTHEAST The southeastern United States is beginning to see the effects of accumulating global warming pollution, and the impacts are expected to get worse. Temperature increases, shifts in precipitation, more severe storms, sea-level rise, and other climate changes a ...
... I. CLIMATE IS CHANGING IN THE SOUTHEAST The southeastern United States is beginning to see the effects of accumulating global warming pollution, and the impacts are expected to get worse. Temperature increases, shifts in precipitation, more severe storms, sea-level rise, and other climate changes a ...
Report of the Indigenous Peoples` Global Summit on Climate Change
... We express our solidarity as Indigenous Peoples living in areas that are the most vulnerable to the impacts and root causes of climate change. We reaffirm the unbreakable and sacred connection between land, air, water, oceans, forests, sea ice, plants, animals and our human communities as the materi ...
... We express our solidarity as Indigenous Peoples living in areas that are the most vulnerable to the impacts and root causes of climate change. We reaffirm the unbreakable and sacred connection between land, air, water, oceans, forests, sea ice, plants, animals and our human communities as the materi ...
Sea-Level Rise
... the last ice age or tectonic changes) and natural climatic variability. However, during the 20th century, global sea levels rose 1.7 ±0.3 mm/year (Church and White, 2006). Between 1993 and 2009, the estimated rate of sea-level rise was 3.2 ±0.4 mm/year from satellite data, and 2.8 ±0.8 mm/year from ...
... the last ice age or tectonic changes) and natural climatic variability. However, during the 20th century, global sea levels rose 1.7 ±0.3 mm/year (Church and White, 2006). Between 1993 and 2009, the estimated rate of sea-level rise was 3.2 ±0.4 mm/year from satellite data, and 2.8 ±0.8 mm/year from ...
National Integrated Mitigation Planning in Agriculture: A guidance document
... and delivers a range of other social and environmental services that are critical to sustainable development (FAOa, 2012). Currently 870 million people, mostly in developing countries, remain chronically undernourished (FAOb, 2012). In a world in which the global demand for food and food security is ...
... and delivers a range of other social and environmental services that are critical to sustainable development (FAOa, 2012). Currently 870 million people, mostly in developing countries, remain chronically undernourished (FAOb, 2012). In a world in which the global demand for food and food security is ...
Carbon Capture and Sequestration
... few thousand years. At the same time, the dissolution of CO2 renders the brines denser than the surrounding fluid so that they will sink over time. Dissolution of CO2 also makes the brines more acidic, causing them to dissolve carbonate and aluminosilicate minerals. This leads, in turn, to the preci ...
... few thousand years. At the same time, the dissolution of CO2 renders the brines denser than the surrounding fluid so that they will sink over time. Dissolution of CO2 also makes the brines more acidic, causing them to dissolve carbonate and aluminosilicate minerals. This leads, in turn, to the preci ...
Planning and costing adaptation of perennial crop systems to
... and banana) and cash crops (coffee, tea, and pyrethrum). Since agricultural production in Rwanda depends almost exclusively on the quality of the rainy season and specific temperature ranges, it makes the country particularly vulnerable to climate variability and change. Moreover, the changing patte ...
... and banana) and cash crops (coffee, tea, and pyrethrum). Since agricultural production in Rwanda depends almost exclusively on the quality of the rainy season and specific temperature ranges, it makes the country particularly vulnerable to climate variability and change. Moreover, the changing patte ...
Coastal Hazards and Climate Change
... The IPCC’s Fourth Assessment, 2007 concluded that most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations. The Fourth Assessment also showed that it is likely that anthropogenic ...
... The IPCC’s Fourth Assessment, 2007 concluded that most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations. The Fourth Assessment also showed that it is likely that anthropogenic ...
Fisheries Management and the Arctic in the Context of Climate
... has increased dramatically in recent years, with evidence of expansion of range and new spawning grounds. In general, Greenland halibut stocks have been fairly stable over the past, while Northern shrimp stocks have declined in recent years, possibly due to a combination of predation, overfishing an ...
... has increased dramatically in recent years, with evidence of expansion of range and new spawning grounds. In general, Greenland halibut stocks have been fairly stable over the past, while Northern shrimp stocks have declined in recent years, possibly due to a combination of predation, overfishing an ...
Climate change detection in natural systems by
... the phenological phase. In the context of the last 250 years the end of the 20th century represents a period with unique major increases in temperatures of all seasons and earlier grape harvest phenology as derived from model averaged trends. Furthermore a study of atmospheric temperature data from ...
... the phenological phase. In the context of the last 250 years the end of the 20th century represents a period with unique major increases in temperatures of all seasons and earlier grape harvest phenology as derived from model averaged trends. Furthermore a study of atmospheric temperature data from ...
Economic Modeling of Effects of Climate Change on the Forest
... number of U.S. studies, including those that use economic models to trace changes in forest conditions to responses in forest sector markets and timber production. A number of studies have focused on changes in ecological processes in forested ecosystems as a result of an altered climate (e.g., Iver ...
... number of U.S. studies, including those that use economic models to trace changes in forest conditions to responses in forest sector markets and timber production. A number of studies have focused on changes in ecological processes in forested ecosystems as a result of an altered climate (e.g., Iver ...
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment of the Galápagos Islands
... vulnerability of this region to climate change and to define the urgent priority actions we must take to face these challenges. In July 2008, growing awareness of climate change in the Eastern Tropical Pacific and potential impacts on Galápagos ecosystems and human wellbeing, especially combined wit ...
... vulnerability of this region to climate change and to define the urgent priority actions we must take to face these challenges. In July 2008, growing awareness of climate change in the Eastern Tropical Pacific and potential impacts on Galápagos ecosystems and human wellbeing, especially combined wit ...
PDF
... resources. Natural resources include all the materials and forces that are supplied by nature. Those that are most essential for food crop production are land, water, sunshine, air, temperature and soil conditions. Man-made resources (include labour, capital or entrepreneurship) are supplied and inf ...
... resources. Natural resources include all the materials and forces that are supplied by nature. Those that are most essential for food crop production are land, water, sunshine, air, temperature and soil conditions. Man-made resources (include labour, capital or entrepreneurship) are supplied and inf ...
Macarthy, J.M. 12 - Newcastle University eTheses: Home
... challenges posed. Moreover, since much of the literature on the response to climate change impacts has focused mainly on national level actions, there is very little knowledge about how such actions should be carried out in particular cities. Although local levels are now increasingly being recognis ...
... challenges posed. Moreover, since much of the literature on the response to climate change impacts has focused mainly on national level actions, there is very little knowledge about how such actions should be carried out in particular cities. Although local levels are now increasingly being recognis ...
GAN workshop report - Climate Technology Centre & Network
... The adaptation gap can be defined generically as the difference between implemented adaptation and a societally set goal. Estimating the adaptation gap is far more challenging than calculating the emissions gap, because 1) there is no globally agreed goal or metrics for adaptation, and 2) adaptation ...
... The adaptation gap can be defined generically as the difference between implemented adaptation and a societally set goal. Estimating the adaptation gap is far more challenging than calculating the emissions gap, because 1) there is no globally agreed goal or metrics for adaptation, and 2) adaptation ...
Phenology, biomass and community composition changes in European shrublands submitted to
... GENERAL INTRODUCTION …………...……….…...……………………………..1 ...
... GENERAL INTRODUCTION …………...……….…...……………………………..1 ...
http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2146e/i2146e.pdf
... Observed changes in global average surface temperature ........................................................... 20 Observed continental changes in surface temperature with results simulated by climate models using either natural or both natural and anthropogenic forcings ......................... ...
... Observed changes in global average surface temperature ........................................................... 20 Observed continental changes in surface temperature with results simulated by climate models using either natural or both natural and anthropogenic forcings ......................... ...
TEM simulated monthly net methane emissions
... We used a biogeochemistry model, the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM), to examine the methane (CH4 ) exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere in Northern Eurasia from 1971 to 2100. Multiple model simulations using various wetland extent datasets and climate change scenarios were ...
... We used a biogeochemistry model, the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM), to examine the methane (CH4 ) exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere in Northern Eurasia from 1971 to 2100. Multiple model simulations using various wetland extent datasets and climate change scenarios were ...
MASTER THESIS`S 2010
... development of temperature, humidity and solar radiation. There is an increase in mean O 3 concentrations over large parts of the world. Emissions from combustion of fossil fuel and biomass are expected to result in approximately a doubling of the global mean tropospheric ozone concentration during ...
... development of temperature, humidity and solar radiation. There is an increase in mean O 3 concentrations over large parts of the world. Emissions from combustion of fossil fuel and biomass are expected to result in approximately a doubling of the global mean tropospheric ozone concentration during ...
Master in de rechten
... Description of the problem In order to combat climate change, Parties concluded the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992. Five years later, the Kyoto Protocol to this Convention was adopted. Although this protocol can hardly be regarded as perfect, it indicated a s ...
... Description of the problem In order to combat climate change, Parties concluded the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992. Five years later, the Kyoto Protocol to this Convention was adopted. Although this protocol can hardly be regarded as perfect, it indicated a s ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).