A Plate Model for Jurassic to Recent Intraplate
... between intraplate volcanism and plate reorganisations, which suggests volcanism was controlled by fracturing and extension of the lithosphere. Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous intraplate volcanism included oceanic plateau formation at triple junctions (Shatsky Rise, western Mid Pacific Mountains ...
... between intraplate volcanism and plate reorganisations, which suggests volcanism was controlled by fracturing and extension of the lithosphere. Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous intraplate volcanism included oceanic plateau formation at triple junctions (Shatsky Rise, western Mid Pacific Mountains ...
Global sediment core-top calibration of the TEX86
... obtained into SSTs (see Schouten et al., 2002 for details). This initial calibration study has been followed by other studies which investigated the validity of TEX86 as an SST proxy. Mesocosm experiments confirmed that marine Crenarchaeota changed their membrane composition with growth temperature ...
... obtained into SSTs (see Schouten et al., 2002 for details). This initial calibration study has been followed by other studies which investigated the validity of TEX86 as an SST proxy. Mesocosm experiments confirmed that marine Crenarchaeota changed their membrane composition with growth temperature ...
Subduction zone evolution and deep slab structure
... (Carminati et al., 2004). At 30 Ma a slab breakoff of the Alps-betics belt can be recognized, which is mainly caused by the new formed Apennines-Maghrebides and Carpathians subduction zones. ...
... (Carminati et al., 2004). At 30 Ma a slab breakoff of the Alps-betics belt can be recognized, which is mainly caused by the new formed Apennines-Maghrebides and Carpathians subduction zones. ...
On the Structure and Seismotectonics of the Kuril Arc Trench System
... onstrate almost the same predominant directions as compression stresses; however, their general distribu tion in terms of azimuths has less sharp maxima in the intervals of 100°–150° and 280°–360° (Fig. 4b). We emphasize that the horizontal projection of compres sion stresses is oriented primarily ...
... onstrate almost the same predominant directions as compression stresses; however, their general distribu tion in terms of azimuths has less sharp maxima in the intervals of 100°–150° and 280°–360° (Fig. 4b). We emphasize that the horizontal projection of compres sion stresses is oriented primarily ...
Rare earth elements and neodymium isotopes in sedimentary
... Lee et al., 2004, Meyers and Ishiwatari, 1993 and Wakeham and Lee, 1989). The organic compounds present in natural waters are generally derived from photosynthetic processes, with the exception of deep-sea extreme environments, such as submarine hydrothermal systems and methane seeps, where organic ...
... Lee et al., 2004, Meyers and Ishiwatari, 1993 and Wakeham and Lee, 1989). The organic compounds present in natural waters are generally derived from photosynthetic processes, with the exception of deep-sea extreme environments, such as submarine hydrothermal systems and methane seeps, where organic ...
Hot spot activity and the break-up of Pangea (PDF
... upwelling or connection with the subduction zone, which was part of the Pangean Rim of fire (see Golonka and Ford, 2000). The role of the Conrad hot spot remains unclear because the thick cover of ice prevents investigations in this area. The Iceland and Jan Mayen hot spots moved relatively west of ...
... upwelling or connection with the subduction zone, which was part of the Pangean Rim of fire (see Golonka and Ford, 2000). The role of the Conrad hot spot remains unclear because the thick cover of ice prevents investigations in this area. The Iceland and Jan Mayen hot spots moved relatively west of ...
Pyrenean orogeny and plate kinematics
... Figure 3. Main magnetic and bathymetric features in the Bay of Biscay and the northeast Atlantic Ocean as extracted from Verhoef et al. [1996] and Sibuet et al. [2004]. The bathymetric contours are at 200-m intervals. EU, Eurasian; IB, Iberian; and NA, North American plates. Also shown are the fossi ...
... Figure 3. Main magnetic and bathymetric features in the Bay of Biscay and the northeast Atlantic Ocean as extracted from Verhoef et al. [1996] and Sibuet et al. [2004]. The bathymetric contours are at 200-m intervals. EU, Eurasian; IB, Iberian; and NA, North American plates. Also shown are the fossi ...
Ocean ridges - dynamicearth.de
... Mid-Ocean Undersea Study) area, using both surface craft and submersibles (Ballard & van Andel, 1977). The median rift in this area is some 30 km wide, bounded by flanks about 1300 m deep, and reaches depths between 2500 and 2800 m. In some areas the inner rift valley is 1–4 km wide and flanked by a ...
... Mid-Ocean Undersea Study) area, using both surface craft and submersibles (Ballard & van Andel, 1977). The median rift in this area is some 30 km wide, bounded by flanks about 1300 m deep, and reaches depths between 2500 and 2800 m. In some areas the inner rift valley is 1–4 km wide and flanked by a ...
1 Bacterial vs. zooplankton control of sinking particle
... Bacteria respiration and carbon demand Depth integrated bacteria respiration (BR) and carbon demand (BCD) was based on our measures of bacteria production (BP) at discrete depths throughout the water column, and ...
... Bacteria respiration and carbon demand Depth integrated bacteria respiration (BR) and carbon demand (BCD) was based on our measures of bacteria production (BP) at discrete depths throughout the water column, and ...
C085.08 Report Definitief Biodiversity of the High Seas
... Wageningen IMARES provides strategic and applied ecological investigation related to ecological and economic developments. ...
... Wageningen IMARES provides strategic and applied ecological investigation related to ecological and economic developments. ...
NOAA Ocean and Great Lakes Acidification Research Plan
... Mention of a commercial company or product does not constitute an endorsement by NOAA/OAR. Use of information from this publication concerning proprietary products or the tests of such products for publicity or advertising purposes is not authorized. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recomm ...
... Mention of a commercial company or product does not constitute an endorsement by NOAA/OAR. Use of information from this publication concerning proprietary products or the tests of such products for publicity or advertising purposes is not authorized. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recomm ...
Nitrogen isotopes in bulk marine sediment: linking seafloor
... According to Fig. 1, some regions display strong gradients of surface δ 15 N, such as in the eastern Arabian Sea, where gradients as large as 4.5 ‰ occur within ∼1◦ of latitude/longitude. In order to more clearly identify regions of pronounced small-scale variability, we analysed the similarity of n ...
... According to Fig. 1, some regions display strong gradients of surface δ 15 N, such as in the eastern Arabian Sea, where gradients as large as 4.5 ‰ occur within ∼1◦ of latitude/longitude. In order to more clearly identify regions of pronounced small-scale variability, we analysed the similarity of n ...
The deep-sea floor ecosystem - School of Ocean and Earth Science
... energy are all relatively low in the deep sea, increasing the potential sensitivity to human impacts (Table 1). Species diversity, in terms of the number of species per sample, is relatively high in the deep sea, again likely making the habitat more sensitive to human impacts (there are more species ...
... energy are all relatively low in the deep sea, increasing the potential sensitivity to human impacts (Table 1). Species diversity, in terms of the number of species per sample, is relatively high in the deep sea, again likely making the habitat more sensitive to human impacts (there are more species ...
Thermal thickness of the Earth`s lithosphere: a numerical model
... (1) the depth to the oceanic bottom is 3 km; (2) the total crust thickness is 6.5 km; (3) the mean crust den sity is 2850 kg/m3; (4) the thickness of the mantle lithosphere is 0.85 km; (5) the density of the upper mantle is 3300 kg/m3; and (6) the freeair gravity anomaly is 9.705 × 10–5 m/c2. The ...
... (1) the depth to the oceanic bottom is 3 km; (2) the total crust thickness is 6.5 km; (3) the mean crust den sity is 2850 kg/m3; (4) the thickness of the mantle lithosphere is 0.85 km; (5) the density of the upper mantle is 3300 kg/m3; and (6) the freeair gravity anomaly is 9.705 × 10–5 m/c2. The ...
The Pacific Garbage Patch: A Plastic`s Paradise The ocean, a
... beautiful nature of the sea and careless human conduct. Because of the “Earth’s wind patterns and forces created by the rotation of the planet,” the center of a gyre is calm and stable (“Great Pacific Garbage Patch”). Yet the “circular motion of the gyre draws debris into this stable center, where i ...
... beautiful nature of the sea and careless human conduct. Because of the “Earth’s wind patterns and forces created by the rotation of the planet,” the center of a gyre is calm and stable (“Great Pacific Garbage Patch”). Yet the “circular motion of the gyre draws debris into this stable center, where i ...
marine biological considerations related to the reverse osmosis
... however, this mixture does not readily mix with the receiving water and requires a greater distance for dilution to occur; at the outer edge of the ZID bottom salinity would be 38.2 ppt and a water-column salinity 35.2 ppt. Although the co-occurrence of such a low EPS flow rate and sub-optimal mixin ...
... however, this mixture does not readily mix with the receiving water and requires a greater distance for dilution to occur; at the outer edge of the ZID bottom salinity would be 38.2 ppt and a water-column salinity 35.2 ppt. Although the co-occurrence of such a low EPS flow rate and sub-optimal mixin ...
75 An Updated Synthesis of the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine
... At its ninth meeting, the Conference of the Parties to the CBD raised concerns about the potential impacts of ocean acidification on marine and coastal biodiversity and requested the Executive Secretary, in collaboration with Parties, other Governments, and relevant organizations, to compile and syn ...
... At its ninth meeting, the Conference of the Parties to the CBD raised concerns about the potential impacts of ocean acidification on marine and coastal biodiversity and requested the Executive Secretary, in collaboration with Parties, other Governments, and relevant organizations, to compile and syn ...
Ch. 16 Marine and Coastal Systems: Resources, Impacts, and
... Estuaries: where fresh and salt water meet* • Estuaries = water bodies where rivers flow into the ocean - Wide fluctuations in salinity • Critical habitat for shorebirds and shellfish • Transitional zone for anadromous (spawn in freshwater, mature in salt water) fishes • Affected by development, po ...
... Estuaries: where fresh and salt water meet* • Estuaries = water bodies where rivers flow into the ocean - Wide fluctuations in salinity • Critical habitat for shorebirds and shellfish • Transitional zone for anadromous (spawn in freshwater, mature in salt water) fishes • Affected by development, po ...
OEAS - Ocean, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
... OEAS 250N. Understanding Natural Disasters. 4 Credits. This course introduces the science behind some of Earth's natural phenomena that can, and often do, result in major loss of life or catastrophic damage to property. It includes an overview, with relevant case studies, of earthquakes, tsunamis, l ...
... OEAS 250N. Understanding Natural Disasters. 4 Credits. This course introduces the science behind some of Earth's natural phenomena that can, and often do, result in major loss of life or catastrophic damage to property. It includes an overview, with relevant case studies, of earthquakes, tsunamis, l ...
pdf
... as the mackerel stock size increases. This statement holds for a hypothetically constant zooplankton prey stock, but even more so considering a likely declining zooplankton stock in the Norwegian Sea (ICES, 2015) due to grazing by the large pelagic fish stocks (Fauchald et al., 2006). This top-down ...
... as the mackerel stock size increases. This statement holds for a hypothetically constant zooplankton prey stock, but even more so considering a likely declining zooplankton stock in the Norwegian Sea (ICES, 2015) due to grazing by the large pelagic fish stocks (Fauchald et al., 2006). This top-down ...
Sensitivity of euphotic zone properties to CDOM variations in marine
... frequently applied as background attenuation in ecosystem modelling (Sarmiento and Gruber, 2006, see also Table 1). Fasham et al. (1990) noted, however, that the background attenuation was one of the most critical parameters in their model even though it was varied on a relatively narrow range of 0. ...
... frequently applied as background attenuation in ecosystem modelling (Sarmiento and Gruber, 2006, see also Table 1). Fasham et al. (1990) noted, however, that the background attenuation was one of the most critical parameters in their model even though it was varied on a relatively narrow range of 0. ...
seismic waves - Gordon State College
... • The lithosphere includes the uppermost part of the upper mantle plus the crust. • The lithosphere is cool and rigid. —It does not flow but rides atop the plastically ...
... • The lithosphere includes the uppermost part of the upper mantle plus the crust. • The lithosphere is cool and rigid. —It does not flow but rides atop the plastically ...
Inorganic Carbon-Assimilating Microbial Communities in the Pacific
... Figure 3.3 The highest SUP05 mean 16S rDNA copy number/ml observed during this study are plotted by location and average dissovled oxygen at bottom depth. SUP05 maximums range from 103 to 107 and were mostly observed in summer samples. ......................................................... 84 Fig ...
... Figure 3.3 The highest SUP05 mean 16S rDNA copy number/ml observed during this study are plotted by location and average dissovled oxygen at bottom depth. SUP05 maximums range from 103 to 107 and were mostly observed in summer samples. ......................................................... 84 Fig ...
Ocean Observation and Research Department
... Island, JAMSTEC discovered a large seamount, comparable in size to Mt. Fuji, in the process of subduction beneath the Japanese archipelago. The knowledge obtained through these discoveries will contribute to understanding global climate change and disaster prevention associated with earthquakes in J ...
... Island, JAMSTEC discovered a large seamount, comparable in size to Mt. Fuji, in the process of subduction beneath the Japanese archipelago. The knowledge obtained through these discoveries will contribute to understanding global climate change and disaster prevention associated with earthquakes in J ...
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
... from the upper slope Taoying section. Framboidal pyrites are less abundant and usually less well-preserved compared to the lower slope section. (C) Carbonate sample from the upper slope Siduping section. Both framboidal and non-framboidal pyrites are less abundant than in the lower slope shale sampl ...
... from the upper slope Taoying section. Framboidal pyrites are less abundant and usually less well-preserved compared to the lower slope section. (C) Carbonate sample from the upper slope Siduping section. Both framboidal and non-framboidal pyrites are less abundant than in the lower slope shale sampl ...
Physical oceanography
Physical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of ocean waters.Physical oceanography is one of several sub-domains into which oceanography is divided. Others include biological, chemical and geological oceanographies.