(PPT, 285KB)
... He fundamentally defined his arbitrary orientation for the cell as being that in which the internal current would run parallel to and in the same direction as a hypothetical magnetizing current loop around the local line of latitude which would induce a magnetic dipole field oriented like the Earth' ...
... He fundamentally defined his arbitrary orientation for the cell as being that in which the internal current would run parallel to and in the same direction as a hypothetical magnetizing current loop around the local line of latitude which would induce a magnetic dipole field oriented like the Earth' ...
Geophysical and petrological modelling of the
... Information on the physical and chemical properties of the lithosphere–asthenosphere system (LAS) can be obtained by geophysical investigation and by studies of petrology–geochemistry of magmatic rocks and entrained xenoliths. Integration of petrological and geophysical studies is particularly usefu ...
... Information on the physical and chemical properties of the lithosphere–asthenosphere system (LAS) can be obtained by geophysical investigation and by studies of petrology–geochemistry of magmatic rocks and entrained xenoliths. Integration of petrological and geophysical studies is particularly usefu ...
View/Open - Earth
... mantle chemistry, have wavelengths greater than the study area, the contribution of upper mantle density variations to local gravity can be inferred from the mantle temperature field. The thermal structure beneath a rift axis is related to the temperature at the base of asthenosphere and/or to the m ...
... mantle chemistry, have wavelengths greater than the study area, the contribution of upper mantle density variations to local gravity can be inferred from the mantle temperature field. The thermal structure beneath a rift axis is related to the temperature at the base of asthenosphere and/or to the m ...
RMT Signature of the Rhineland Brown Coal I. Introduction
... When the receiver locations are located at least seven "skin-depths" away from these transmitters, EM waves are essentially planar and horizontal. If the waves are polarized in the xy-plane and travel downward in the z-direction. In this case, simultaneous measurements of two orthogonal components o ...
... When the receiver locations are located at least seven "skin-depths" away from these transmitters, EM waves are essentially planar and horizontal. If the waves are polarized in the xy-plane and travel downward in the z-direction. In this case, simultaneous measurements of two orthogonal components o ...
Ocean wave sources of seismic noise
... generally dominates, but it is intermittently outshined by the intense class III sources, limiting the reliability of seismic data as a proxy for storm climates. The modeled seismic noise critically depends on the damping of seismic waves. At some mid‐ocean island stations, low seismic damping is ne ...
... generally dominates, but it is intermittently outshined by the intense class III sources, limiting the reliability of seismic data as a proxy for storm climates. The modeled seismic noise critically depends on the damping of seismic waves. At some mid‐ocean island stations, low seismic damping is ne ...
A reversed hierarchy of active normal faults: the 6 April 2009, Mw 6.3
... The large density of faults, coupled with a limited historical earthquake record, is perhaps at the basis of a sort of “L’Aquila paradox” (Valensise, 2009). In a study based on a mixed geological-statistical approach (Akinci et al., 2009) the area of the future 2009 earthquake was given a very high ...
... The large density of faults, coupled with a limited historical earthquake record, is perhaps at the basis of a sort of “L’Aquila paradox” (Valensise, 2009). In a study based on a mixed geological-statistical approach (Akinci et al., 2009) the area of the future 2009 earthquake was given a very high ...
Characterizing the Main Himalayan Thrust in the Garhwal Himalaya
... Himalaya, defined topographically and separated by a physiographic break in slope, correspond approximately to the LHS and the GHC (Yin, 2006). The Main Central Thrust (MCT) is a crustal-scale south-vergent thrust fault and zone of high ductile strain (cf. Searle et al., 2008). The upper boundary of ...
... Himalaya, defined topographically and separated by a physiographic break in slope, correspond approximately to the LHS and the GHC (Yin, 2006). The Main Central Thrust (MCT) is a crustal-scale south-vergent thrust fault and zone of high ductile strain (cf. Searle et al., 2008). The upper boundary of ...
a post-Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory reassessment
... crustal thickness inversion, Chenet et al. [27] found the average thickness of the crust to lie between 32 and 45 km, with a best fit value of 40 km. This study also provided seismically determined crustal thickness estimates at numerous meteoroid impact locations and provided revised crustal thickn ...
... crustal thickness inversion, Chenet et al. [27] found the average thickness of the crust to lie between 32 and 45 km, with a best fit value of 40 km. This study also provided seismically determined crustal thickness estimates at numerous meteoroid impact locations and provided revised crustal thickn ...
PNAS-2014-Anderson-1..
... geochemical models, influenced by early tomographic pictures, involve one-layer convection, crustal recycling to the core–mantle boundary, and remixing with more primitive less-degassed material in a basal mélange (17). Homogeneity—a key assumption—is maintained by vigorous convection. Enriched prim ...
... geochemical models, influenced by early tomographic pictures, involve one-layer convection, crustal recycling to the core–mantle boundary, and remixing with more primitive less-degassed material in a basal mélange (17). Homogeneity—a key assumption—is maintained by vigorous convection. Enriched prim ...
Topography and geoid due to lithospheric mass anomalies
... indicates that the lithosphere is locally much stiffer than what is used in global mantle flow calculations. On a smaller scale the lithosphere is also known to be elastic and to support stresses for millions of years. We do not think that the low or high lithospheric strengths implied by these diff ...
... indicates that the lithosphere is locally much stiffer than what is used in global mantle flow calculations. On a smaller scale the lithosphere is also known to be elastic and to support stresses for millions of years. We do not think that the low or high lithospheric strengths implied by these diff ...
Quantum Monte Carlo computations of phase of high-pressure silica
... also useful, but there is no useable functional that can provide exact results. DFT functionals are often expected to only have problems with materials exhibiting exotic electronic structures, such as highly correlated materials. However, silica has simple, closed shell, covalent/ionic bonding (1) a ...
... also useful, but there is no useable functional that can provide exact results. DFT functionals are often expected to only have problems with materials exhibiting exotic electronic structures, such as highly correlated materials. However, silica has simple, closed shell, covalent/ionic bonding (1) a ...
Structure of the crust and uppermost mantle of Iceland from
... adopted have little e¡ect on the results of this study as their main e¡ect would be to cause a consistent o¡set in the calculated gravity ¢eld. Since we are modelling gravity anomalies rather than the absolute gravity, such an o¡set would make little di¡erence to the crustal thickness variations we ...
... adopted have little e¡ect on the results of this study as their main e¡ect would be to cause a consistent o¡set in the calculated gravity ¢eld. Since we are modelling gravity anomalies rather than the absolute gravity, such an o¡set would make little di¡erence to the crustal thickness variations we ...
Geodynamics Workshop 2012 PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS
... pressure-dependent viscosity is used to simulate both the plate and the convective mantle. A constant velocity, ranging from 5 to 12.5 cm/yr, is imposed at the top of the plate. Plumes are created by imposing a thermal anomaly of 150 to 350 K on a 50 km wide domain at the base of the model (700 km d ...
... pressure-dependent viscosity is used to simulate both the plate and the convective mantle. A constant velocity, ranging from 5 to 12.5 cm/yr, is imposed at the top of the plate. Plumes are created by imposing a thermal anomaly of 150 to 350 K on a 50 km wide domain at the base of the model (700 km d ...
10. Regional Geophysics and Structural Framework of the
... lines also were recorded at several sites on land to provide deep velocity information. Two grids of lines were recorded across the deformation front region. With the previous surveys this provided three lines at approximately 3 km spacing and two crossing strike lines in the northern area (Sites 88 ...
... lines also were recorded at several sites on land to provide deep velocity information. Two grids of lines were recorded across the deformation front region. With the previous surveys this provided three lines at approximately 3 km spacing and two crossing strike lines in the northern area (Sites 88 ...
S-Velocity Structure of the Upper Mantle
... Knowledge of the velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle can improve source studies and aid investigations into mantle dynamics. Using an initial data set of single-station phase measurements of surface waves recorded on the USArray Transportable Array, we investigate the phase-velocity str ...
... Knowledge of the velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle can improve source studies and aid investigations into mantle dynamics. Using an initial data set of single-station phase measurements of surface waves recorded on the USArray Transportable Array, we investigate the phase-velocity str ...
The Behavior of the Lithosphere on Seismic to Geologic Timescales
... increases with plate age but decreases with load age. The elastic thickness is significantly less than the seismic thickness of the lithosphere, as indicated by the depth to the low-velocity zone, suggesting that the lithosphere is a strong structure at short seismic timescales and a weak one at long ...
... increases with plate age but decreases with load age. The elastic thickness is significantly less than the seismic thickness of the lithosphere, as indicated by the depth to the low-velocity zone, suggesting that the lithosphere is a strong structure at short seismic timescales and a weak one at long ...
earthquake Andaman − Lessons from the 2004 Sumatra
... earthquake at this particular location was surprising to many seismologists. In general, past great earthquakes have occurred in the areas with certain tectonic characteristics. In general, such great earthquakes happen where one tectonic plate collides against another. One plate is pushed into the ...
... earthquake at this particular location was surprising to many seismologists. In general, past great earthquakes have occurred in the areas with certain tectonic characteristics. In general, such great earthquakes happen where one tectonic plate collides against another. One plate is pushed into the ...
Multiscale seismic reflectivity of shallow thermoclines
... The work of Piété et al. [2013] mainly focused on the specific challenges of the use of seismic methods in the shallow water column, and succeeded in providing the first seismic observations of a shallow (∼ 30 m deep) oceanic structure, the seasonal thermocline of the Armorican Shelf, west of France ...
... The work of Piété et al. [2013] mainly focused on the specific challenges of the use of seismic methods in the shallow water column, and succeeded in providing the first seismic observations of a shallow (∼ 30 m deep) oceanic structure, the seasonal thermocline of the Armorican Shelf, west of France ...
Crustal seismicity and the earthquake catalog maximum moment
... overlying crust scaled by moment magnitude. Only SCR earthquakes are plotted. The majority of Eurasian SCR earthquakes occur in regions with dVS anomalies in the range of 0–2%. Many events in Africa and North America are concentrated at the edges of positive dVS anomalies that correspond to thick li ...
... overlying crust scaled by moment magnitude. Only SCR earthquakes are plotted. The majority of Eurasian SCR earthquakes occur in regions with dVS anomalies in the range of 0–2%. Many events in Africa and North America are concentrated at the edges of positive dVS anomalies that correspond to thick li ...
Magnetotellurics
Magnetotellurics (MT) is an electromagnetic geophysical method for inferring the earth's subsurface electrical conductivity from measurements of natural geomagnetic and geoelectric field variation at the Earth's surface. Investigation depth ranges from 300m below ground by recording higher frequencies down to 10,000m or deeper with long-period soundings. Developed in the USSR and France during the 1950s, MT is now an international academic discipline and is used in exploration surveys around the world. Commercial uses include hydrocarbon (oil and gas) exploration, geothermal exploration, mining exploration, as well as hydrocarbon and groundwater monitoring. Research applications include experimentation to further develop the MT technique, long-period deep crustal exploration, and earthquake precursor prediction research.