here - Łukasz Jędrzejowski
... Bantu CA, however, does not involve the reanalysis of only features but the creation of a new complementizer. The complementizers used in CA are derived from verbs and they appear to carry vestiges of their argument structure. Their relation to the higher subject is due to their prior relation with ...
... Bantu CA, however, does not involve the reanalysis of only features but the creation of a new complementizer. The complementizers used in CA are derived from verbs and they appear to carry vestiges of their argument structure. Their relation to the higher subject is due to their prior relation with ...
5602 - Radboud Repository
... this a u th o r suggests that sentences are coded in terms of their deep structures instead of their surface forms, it might again be due to the verbatim recall task that subjects are forced into creating such codes. T h ey may have little relation to what a subject normally abstracts from a sentenc ...
... this a u th o r suggests that sentences are coded in terms of their deep structures instead of their surface forms, it might again be due to the verbatim recall task that subjects are forced into creating such codes. T h ey may have little relation to what a subject normally abstracts from a sentenc ...
Universidade de São Paulo - USP
... part of the AC/DC project and has been constantly improved, with e.g. the addition of new proper nouns and compounds to the system’s knowledge base. This parser is not freely available though, but Bick has gently applied it to several corpora used for scientific research. In order to make freely ava ...
... part of the AC/DC project and has been constantly improved, with e.g. the addition of new proper nouns and compounds to the system’s knowledge base. This parser is not freely available though, but Bick has gently applied it to several corpora used for scientific research. In order to make freely ava ...
Variation, evolution and the syntax of Afro
... standard languages, on the basis of well-formedness judgments of a limited set of informants. This methodology produced an impressive amount of data, generalizations and insights, precisely because it was intended to abstract away from certain kinds of empirical data. Yet, for these same reasons, su ...
... standard languages, on the basis of well-formedness judgments of a limited set of informants. This methodology produced an impressive amount of data, generalizations and insights, precisely because it was intended to abstract away from certain kinds of empirical data. Yet, for these same reasons, su ...
Understanding English Grammar - Assets
... that allows people to communicate with one another. For some reason, many in academia and language teaching seem to have lost sight of this common sense truth, preferring to treat grammar as though it were an object, outside of human beings in society, consisting of absolute categories and rules. Th ...
... that allows people to communicate with one another. For some reason, many in academia and language teaching seem to have lost sight of this common sense truth, preferring to treat grammar as though it were an object, outside of human beings in society, consisting of absolute categories and rules. Th ...
Early emergence of structural constraints on code
... functors and contentives as Lanza (1992), found that ®ve French±English bilingual children had approximately equal rates of mixing for functors and contentives. Furthermore, they found that some children used more grammatical mixing and others more lexical mixing. A second and more important problem ...
... functors and contentives as Lanza (1992), found that ®ve French±English bilingual children had approximately equal rates of mixing for functors and contentives. Furthermore, they found that some children used more grammatical mixing and others more lexical mixing. A second and more important problem ...
ascof -- a modular multilevel system for french
... different grammar and algorithm types. The morphological analysis PHASE I is carried out by an algorithm that realizes actually a mere pattern matching; in PHASE II context-free grammars identify non-complex syntactic phrases and the macrostructure of the sentence. A reduction in the homographies of ...
... different grammar and algorithm types. The morphological analysis PHASE I is carried out by an algorithm that realizes actually a mere pattern matching; in PHASE II context-free grammars identify non-complex syntactic phrases and the macrostructure of the sentence. A reduction in the homographies of ...
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
... surface-level morphemes does not all become salient at the same level of language production” (MyersScotton 2006: 268). Some morphemes are conceptually activated at the lemma level, such as content and early system morphemes. The difference between them, besides the fact that the earlies, like all s ...
... surface-level morphemes does not all become salient at the same level of language production” (MyersScotton 2006: 268). Some morphemes are conceptually activated at the lemma level, such as content and early system morphemes. The difference between them, besides the fact that the earlies, like all s ...
Design Principles for a Spanish Treebank
... There is an open discussion about the annotation scheme to be assumed when building a treebank. On one hand, some papers claim that dependency annotation is more suitable if it is free-word-order language ([11], [14], [28]), while others make their choice on the basis of the application required [30 ...
... There is an open discussion about the annotation scheme to be assumed when building a treebank. On one hand, some papers claim that dependency annotation is more suitable if it is free-word-order language ([11], [14], [28]), while others make their choice on the basis of the application required [30 ...
Roots, stems and word classes
... weakly determined by time-stability, viz. by the medium stability characteristic of properties and states. Here, however, categorization becomes more arbitrary and more language-specific. Little is known, a fortiori, about the factors underlying the primary categorization of concepts as adverbs. In ...
... weakly determined by time-stability, viz. by the medium stability characteristic of properties and states. Here, however, categorization becomes more arbitrary and more language-specific. Little is known, a fortiori, about the factors underlying the primary categorization of concepts as adverbs. In ...
Idiomatic Root Merge in Modern Hebrew blends
... roots. Section §4 then outlines the crucial problem of this paper: if blends are the results of wordderivations, we expect them to adhere to the semantic Locality Constraints defined by Arad (2003), but we see instead that these semantic constraints are significantly weakened at best, if not totally ...
... roots. Section §4 then outlines the crucial problem of this paper: if blends are the results of wordderivations, we expect them to adhere to the semantic Locality Constraints defined by Arad (2003), but we see instead that these semantic constraints are significantly weakened at best, if not totally ...
separable complex verbs in Dutch
... 'old men's home'). Similar evidence from Afrikaans is given in Botha (1984: 28).2 Note that the Principle of Lexical Integrity does, however, predict that wordinternal phrases are not accessible to the rules of syntax. In this paper I will deal with one of the claims implied by the Principle of Lexi ...
... 'old men's home'). Similar evidence from Afrikaans is given in Botha (1984: 28).2 Note that the Principle of Lexical Integrity does, however, predict that wordinternal phrases are not accessible to the rules of syntax. In this paper I will deal with one of the claims implied by the Principle of Lexi ...
Exo-skeletal vs. endo-skeletal explanations
... More specifically, I will suggest that syntactic properties typically associated with listed items, notably argument structure and category type, are, in fact, properties of structures and not properties of the listed items themselves. While listed items may still convey an idea (e.g., potato is dis ...
... More specifically, I will suggest that syntactic properties typically associated with listed items, notably argument structure and category type, are, in fact, properties of structures and not properties of the listed items themselves. While listed items may still convey an idea (e.g., potato is dis ...
Where`s syntactic variation? - Meertens Instituut
... 2.2 Usability of dialect syntax databases The availability of large scale dialect syntax databases greatly enhances the empirical basis of syntactic research. Within theoretical syntactic frameworks such as generative grammar we are currently witnessing a shift away from the methodology of idealiza ...
... 2.2 Usability of dialect syntax databases The availability of large scale dialect syntax databases greatly enhances the empirical basis of syntactic research. Within theoretical syntactic frameworks such as generative grammar we are currently witnessing a shift away from the methodology of idealiza ...
The emergence of (un)natural classes Innate feature theory predicts
... university library) reveals that unnatural classes are widespread. 6078 unique classes of sounds which are targets or triggers of phonological processes are analyzed in three popular feature theories (Preliminaries, Jakobson, Fant, & Halle 1954; SPE, Chomsky & Halle 1968; and Unified Feature Theory, ...
... university library) reveals that unnatural classes are widespread. 6078 unique classes of sounds which are targets or triggers of phonological processes are analyzed in three popular feature theories (Preliminaries, Jakobson, Fant, & Halle 1954; SPE, Chomsky & Halle 1968; and Unified Feature Theory, ...
Sentence Structure
... This template says that a determiner (an article) is followed by a noun, which is followed by a verb, and so on. It would describe English sentences such as the following: The child found a puppy. The professor wrote a book. That runner won the race. ...
... This template says that a determiner (an article) is followed by a noun, which is followed by a verb, and so on. It would describe English sentences such as the following: The child found a puppy. The professor wrote a book. That runner won the race. ...
Typological variation of the adjectival class
... and syntactic assumptions about the meanings and distributions of parts of speech. Tense in Salish, for instance, might be dismissed as a diagnostic for verbhood given its appearance on the nouns q©iyaÒ©\d ‘slug’ and sç©istx„ ‘husband’ in (4a), but this presupposes the semanticallydriven assumption ...
... and syntactic assumptions about the meanings and distributions of parts of speech. Tense in Salish, for instance, might be dismissed as a diagnostic for verbhood given its appearance on the nouns q©iyaÒ©\d ‘slug’ and sç©istx„ ‘husband’ in (4a), but this presupposes the semanticallydriven assumption ...
Particle verbs and a theory of late lexical insertion
... syntactic constructions, which explains their separability as well as a number of other syntactic properties. This, however, does not contradict the claim that particle verbs are also morphological objects. My main concern in this paper is to show that the apparent conflict between morphological and ...
... syntactic constructions, which explains their separability as well as a number of other syntactic properties. This, however, does not contradict the claim that particle verbs are also morphological objects. My main concern in this paper is to show that the apparent conflict between morphological and ...
Tense and Aspect in Urdu
... ‘This girl’s wedding will take place.’ (Lit. ‘This girl’s wedding is to be.’) As far as we are aware, there is no good analysis of verbal nouns/infinitives being used to express tense. As can be seen from the literal glosses, the expressions are basically predicative ones which are being reinterpret ...
... ‘This girl’s wedding will take place.’ (Lit. ‘This girl’s wedding is to be.’) As far as we are aware, there is no good analysis of verbal nouns/infinitives being used to express tense. As can be seen from the literal glosses, the expressions are basically predicative ones which are being reinterpret ...
On Comparative Suppletion
... There is one additional pattern to consider, namely, one in which the comparative uses the same root as the positive adjective, but the superlative alone is suppletive, (AAC e.g., hypothetical *bad-badder-worst). This pattern is consistent with the CSG and CCSG, as worded above, but is also unattest ...
... There is one additional pattern to consider, namely, one in which the comparative uses the same root as the positive adjective, but the superlative alone is suppletive, (AAC e.g., hypothetical *bad-badder-worst). This pattern is consistent with the CSG and CCSG, as worded above, but is also unattest ...
FreDist : Automatic construction of distributional thesauri for
... between words, we extracted context relations. Although the base lexical term used in distributional lexical methods is often the inflected form or the lemma, we chose to use a base lexical term consisting of lemma+POS to distinguish between homonyms (as in dîner+noun vs. dîner+verb) within contexts ...
... between words, we extracted context relations. Although the base lexical term used in distributional lexical methods is often the inflected form or the lemma, we chose to use a base lexical term consisting of lemma+POS to distinguish between homonyms (as in dîner+noun vs. dîner+verb) within contexts ...
Sutra 7. Morphology
... They are „pieces‟ of words that have meaning. Language works because we associate forms with meanings. A form can be any kind of physical structure. It is easy to think of the letters on a page as shapes or forms, but what about spoken words? Think of the sounds of „arm‟ and „chair.‟ The two words s ...
... They are „pieces‟ of words that have meaning. Language works because we associate forms with meanings. A form can be any kind of physical structure. It is easy to think of the letters on a page as shapes or forms, but what about spoken words? Think of the sounds of „arm‟ and „chair.‟ The two words s ...
Exemplar-learning and schematization in a usage
... all members of such categories share all the same features. Rather, the members have a family-resemblance relationship to each other, whereby one may share one or several features with another member but not with all members. Secondly, not all members of these categories have equal status. Instead, ...
... all members of such categories share all the same features. Rather, the members have a family-resemblance relationship to each other, whereby one may share one or several features with another member but not with all members. Secondly, not all members of these categories have equal status. Instead, ...
A Left-Branching Grammar Design for Incremental Parsing
... features are entered onto the stack, the SLASH feature is passed up from the (first) daughter to the mother.5 Since the SLASH feature in this way is passed on to the embedded structure, rather than the stack, the mechanism allows us to keep the assumption that the extraction rule dominates the fille ...
... features are entered onto the stack, the SLASH feature is passed up from the (first) daughter to the mother.5 Since the SLASH feature in this way is passed on to the embedded structure, rather than the stack, the mechanism allows us to keep the assumption that the extraction rule dominates the fille ...