Kim, Kyumin - University of Toronto
... In a wide range of languages, such as Kannada (Lidz 1999, 1996, Kim 2006), Greek (Embick 1997, 2004), and Romance languages (Grimshaw 1982, Marantz 1984, Centino 1995 among many others), the same morpheme that appears with reflexives also appears with inchoatives (Marantz 1984, Reinhart 1997). Regar ...
... In a wide range of languages, such as Kannada (Lidz 1999, 1996, Kim 2006), Greek (Embick 1997, 2004), and Romance languages (Grimshaw 1982, Marantz 1984, Centino 1995 among many others), the same morpheme that appears with reflexives also appears with inchoatives (Marantz 1984, Reinhart 1997). Regar ...
What sort of innate structure is needed to “bootstrap” into syntax?*
... Within the syntactic theory there is clearly a difficult scientific problem about the origin of syntactic categories: how do we get from genes laid down at conception to syntactic categories manifest two-and-a-half to three years later? Merely labeling the categories as innate does not solve this pr ...
... Within the syntactic theory there is clearly a difficult scientific problem about the origin of syntactic categories: how do we get from genes laid down at conception to syntactic categories manifest two-and-a-half to three years later? Merely labeling the categories as innate does not solve this pr ...
Early comprehension of the Spanish plural.
... Spanish-speaking children show – for novel words – an earlier systematic production of /-s/ in development than /-es/ (Bedore & Leonard, ; Kernan & Blount ; Pérez-Pereira, ). Thus, a child learning Spanish must learn two rather than three cues; in addition the statistical distribution of ...
... Spanish-speaking children show – for novel words – an earlier systematic production of /-s/ in development than /-es/ (Bedore & Leonard, ; Kernan & Blount ; Pérez-Pereira, ). Thus, a child learning Spanish must learn two rather than three cues; in addition the statistical distribution of ...
ENG421 - National Open University of Nigeria
... NEW TRENDS IN SYNTAX DERIVATIONS AND REPRESENTATIONS IN THE ...
... NEW TRENDS IN SYNTAX DERIVATIONS AND REPRESENTATIONS IN THE ...
Sanskrit signs and P¯an.inian scripts - Gallium
... mark (kr.t) is not just a notation for a suffix formed with phonetic material interspersed with markers (anubandha), so that the corresponding stem can be derived from the generating root. It also denotes a definite role (sādhana) with respect to the internal action associated with the root it deri ...
... mark (kr.t) is not just a notation for a suffix formed with phonetic material interspersed with markers (anubandha), so that the corresponding stem can be derived from the generating root. It also denotes a definite role (sādhana) with respect to the internal action associated with the root it deri ...
Cognitive linguistics and language structure
... (including Cognitive Grammar). The Fillmore/Kay ‘Construction Grammar’ (with capitals) is formally explicit, but makes very similar claims about language structure to the non-cognitive model Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG; Pollard and Sag 1994). The Lakoff/Goldberg version is much less f ...
... (including Cognitive Grammar). The Fillmore/Kay ‘Construction Grammar’ (with capitals) is formally explicit, but makes very similar claims about language structure to the non-cognitive model Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG; Pollard and Sag 1994). The Lakoff/Goldberg version is much less f ...
W02-0509 - Association for Computational Linguistics
... follows classic conventions. Nonetheless, some of these conventions may seem confusing at first sight. The Hamza sign, which represents the glottal stop phoneme, can be written in 5 different ways, depending on its phonological environment. Therefore, any change in vowels (very regular a phenomenon ...
... follows classic conventions. Nonetheless, some of these conventions may seem confusing at first sight. The Hamza sign, which represents the glottal stop phoneme, can be written in 5 different ways, depending on its phonological environment. Therefore, any change in vowels (very regular a phenomenon ...
Morphological phrasemes and Totonacan verbal morphology*
... (1c). In other words, these markers can be assigned specific individual mean ings, but when they come together, the meaning of the combination is different from the regular sum of these individual meanings. On the level of phrases (that is, multi-word expressions) this kind of treatment is routine ...
... (1c). In other words, these markers can be assigned specific individual mean ings, but when they come together, the meaning of the combination is different from the regular sum of these individual meanings. On the level of phrases (that is, multi-word expressions) this kind of treatment is routine ...
On number and numberlessness in languages without articles
... nominals that denote ‘one or more X’: semantically, such nominals are neither singular (‘one X’) nor plural (‘more than one X’). We argue that the semantic number-neutrality of such nominals results from the lack the syntactic number feature, normally hosted in NumP, which we show to be absent ...
... nominals that denote ‘one or more X’: semantically, such nominals are neither singular (‘one X’) nor plural (‘more than one X’). We argue that the semantic number-neutrality of such nominals results from the lack the syntactic number feature, normally hosted in NumP, which we show to be absent ...
Adversative conjunction choice in Russian ( no, da, odnako
... to signal denial of expectation as well as the preventive. Previous researchers disagree on whether there is a distinction between the denial of expectation meaning and the preventive meaning (cf. Foolen, 1991; Payne, 1985). Because da, no, and odnako can carry both meanings, qualitative analysis wo ...
... to signal denial of expectation as well as the preventive. Previous researchers disagree on whether there is a distinction between the denial of expectation meaning and the preventive meaning (cf. Foolen, 1991; Payne, 1985). Because da, no, and odnako can carry both meanings, qualitative analysis wo ...
Prosody
... simultaneously to take account of other levels of linguistic organization, such as grammar and lexis (example on: using correct words but wrong accentuation, incorrect words & appropriate accentuation in extracts of Philip Vs Len) When assessing a client's use of prosodic means to indicate focus, ...
... simultaneously to take account of other levels of linguistic organization, such as grammar and lexis (example on: using correct words but wrong accentuation, incorrect words & appropriate accentuation in extracts of Philip Vs Len) When assessing a client's use of prosodic means to indicate focus, ...
Inherent and context inflection YoM
... inflection. Inherent inflection is the kind of inflection that is not required by the syntactic context, although it may have syntactic relevance. Examples are the category number for nouns, comparative and superlative degree of the adjective, and tense and aspect for verbs. Other examples of inhere ...
... inflection. Inherent inflection is the kind of inflection that is not required by the syntactic context, although it may have syntactic relevance. Examples are the category number for nouns, comparative and superlative degree of the adjective, and tense and aspect for verbs. Other examples of inhere ...
Null Subjects and the EPP. Towards a unified account of pro
... are not interpretable to move independently of their associated phonetic matrix to positions in which they are. This is shown to explain why the null pronoun pro may not be merged in the subject position of languages with no agreement. The obligatoriness of overt subjects in some languages with ric ...
... are not interpretable to move independently of their associated phonetic matrix to positions in which they are. This is shown to explain why the null pronoun pro may not be merged in the subject position of languages with no agreement. The obligatoriness of overt subjects in some languages with ric ...
Spared domain-specific cognitive capacities? Syntax and
... modular system. Syntax is one of the modules of grammar, and syntax itself consists of submodules, too. Given that these submodules of the overall grammar processing capacity form cognitively autonomous processing units, they may be impaired or spared selectively. The modular units are autonomous in ...
... modular system. Syntax is one of the modules of grammar, and syntax itself consists of submodules, too. Given that these submodules of the overall grammar processing capacity form cognitively autonomous processing units, they may be impaired or spared selectively. The modular units are autonomous in ...
HIERARCHIES AND COMPETING GENERALIZATIONS IN SERBO
... concord gender and number features multiplied by six combinations of index gender and number features). Of these, according to W&Z, only eight have any members in them. Furthermore, once we remove those words whose index features can be derived from their semantic information (i.e. there is no misma ...
... concord gender and number features multiplied by six combinations of index gender and number features). Of these, according to W&Z, only eight have any members in them. Furthermore, once we remove those words whose index features can be derived from their semantic information (i.e. there is no misma ...
Participles, gerunds and syntactic categories
... same grammatical functions, as noun phrases that function as subjects and objects. c. Morphosyntax: the morphosyntactic properties of the head of the phrase, for example whether it shows the agreement features typical of a verb or an adjective. Consider the type C gerund in (1c) and (2): the intern ...
... same grammatical functions, as noun phrases that function as subjects and objects. c. Morphosyntax: the morphosyntactic properties of the head of the phrase, for example whether it shows the agreement features typical of a verb or an adjective. Consider the type C gerund in (1c) and (2): the intern ...
Fast Semantic Extraction Using a Novel Neural
... and syntactic constituents are then labeled by feeding hand-built features extracted from the parse tree to a machine learning system, e.g. the ASSERT system (Pradhan et al., 2004). This is rather slow, taking a few seconds per sentence at test time, partly because of the parse tree component, and p ...
... and syntactic constituents are then labeled by feeding hand-built features extracted from the parse tree to a machine learning system, e.g. the ASSERT system (Pradhan et al., 2004). This is rather slow, taking a few seconds per sentence at test time, partly because of the parse tree component, and p ...
An Interaction Grammar of Interrogative and Relative Clauses in
... The basic objects of IG [8] are tree descriptions, which can be viewed as partially specified syntactic trees. Their nodes represent syntactic constituents and they are labelled with feature structures representing the morpho-syntactic properties of constituents. The nodes are structured by two kind ...
... The basic objects of IG [8] are tree descriptions, which can be viewed as partially specified syntactic trees. Their nodes represent syntactic constituents and they are labelled with feature structures representing the morpho-syntactic properties of constituents. The nodes are structured by two kind ...
Lexical Argument Structure and Agreement
... A phrase always contains the features of its head. As I will argue below, this is the only case of percolation that is needed in natural language. In the conceptual structure (20), there can be no numeral if (21) is true as I claim that it is. There are two choices for the argument of Definiteness. ...
... A phrase always contains the features of its head. As I will argue below, this is the only case of percolation that is needed in natural language. In the conceptual structure (20), there can be no numeral if (21) is true as I claim that it is. There are two choices for the argument of Definiteness. ...
YERPAl SEQUENCES; A GENERATIVE APPROACH
... (24) a. (?) 1 believe John to be often sarcastic b. *J believe John to sound often sarcastic c. The English were then said to have never had it so good d. (?) John is said to be seldom on time at his appointments e. *John is saidtearrive seldom on time at his appointments ...
... (24) a. (?) 1 believe John to be often sarcastic b. *J believe John to sound often sarcastic c. The English were then said to have never had it so good d. (?) John is said to be seldom on time at his appointments e. *John is saidtearrive seldom on time at his appointments ...
`Word syntax` and semantic principles
... word structure (cf. Lieber, 1980), and it might even be the case that head location is different for various subtypes of affixes (cf. Lieber, 1980) and between derivational structures and compounds. Obviously, then, the pro cesses of head identification in syntax and word form ation cannot be ident ...
... word structure (cf. Lieber, 1980), and it might even be the case that head location is different for various subtypes of affixes (cf. Lieber, 1980) and between derivational structures and compounds. Obviously, then, the pro cesses of head identification in syntax and word form ation cannot be ident ...
TREE DIAGRAM (2)
... Phrase followed by a Verb Phrase) Draw a tree for the phrase Emma drinks Here are two more phrase structure rules: VP V NP NP N Think about that carefully Now, draw a tree with more detail For the sentence Emma drinks whisky Syntax Dr Alok K Das ...
... Phrase followed by a Verb Phrase) Draw a tree for the phrase Emma drinks Here are two more phrase structure rules: VP V NP NP N Think about that carefully Now, draw a tree with more detail For the sentence Emma drinks whisky Syntax Dr Alok K Das ...
A multi-modular approach to gradual change in
... semantics in the analysis of their interaction. In Autolexical Grammar (Sadock 1991, Yuasa 2005) and similar multimodular theories such as Parallel Architecture (Jackendoff 2002, Culicover & Jackendoff 2005), grammatical phenomena are systematically sorted out into syntactic and semantic modules. Some ...
... semantics in the analysis of their interaction. In Autolexical Grammar (Sadock 1991, Yuasa 2005) and similar multimodular theories such as Parallel Architecture (Jackendoff 2002, Culicover & Jackendoff 2005), grammatical phenomena are systematically sorted out into syntactic and semantic modules. Some ...
this PDF file - Studies About Languages
... Summing up, morphology cannot be ignored in the linguistic studies of English and Lithuanian syntax. On the contrary, syntax cannot function or be understood without morphology. 2. The verb in reference to its grammatical structure and expression In general the verb is ascribed to different categori ...
... Summing up, morphology cannot be ignored in the linguistic studies of English and Lithuanian syntax. On the contrary, syntax cannot function or be understood without morphology. 2. The verb in reference to its grammatical structure and expression In general the verb is ascribed to different categori ...
here - Łukasz Jędrzejowski
... Bantu CA, however, does not involve the reanalysis of only features but the creation of a new complementizer. The complementizers used in CA are derived from verbs and they appear to carry vestiges of their argument structure. Their relation to the higher subject is due to their prior relation with ...
... Bantu CA, however, does not involve the reanalysis of only features but the creation of a new complementizer. The complementizers used in CA are derived from verbs and they appear to carry vestiges of their argument structure. Their relation to the higher subject is due to their prior relation with ...