Blood Component Therapy
... throughout storage, most blood centers rarely collect WB for allogeneic use. In situations when RBC and coagulation factor replacement are needed, components can be given in the form of ‘‘reconstituted’’ WB (RBC unit and a plasma unit in one bag). Component preparation from whole blood donation One ...
... throughout storage, most blood centers rarely collect WB for allogeneic use. In situations when RBC and coagulation factor replacement are needed, components can be given in the form of ‘‘reconstituted’’ WB (RBC unit and a plasma unit in one bag). Component preparation from whole blood donation One ...
How To Lower Your Cholesterol © Wings Of Success
... bile, and production of hormones are all aided by cholesterol. However being exposed to high levels of it can cause various diseases. Hypertension is one of the main cardiovascular disorders caused by cholesterol. Sometimes, this can even be fatal. It can also lead to fibrosis and atherosclerosis, w ...
... bile, and production of hormones are all aided by cholesterol. However being exposed to high levels of it can cause various diseases. Hypertension is one of the main cardiovascular disorders caused by cholesterol. Sometimes, this can even be fatal. It can also lead to fibrosis and atherosclerosis, w ...
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from severe
... blood monocytes that present TLR4/CD14/MD2 receptors --which are efficiently stimulated by LPS, as an important source of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as TNF-␣.22 Previous studies of asthmatic children showed an elevated concentration of this cytokine in bronchoalveolar lavage.23 Our data show no dif ...
... blood monocytes that present TLR4/CD14/MD2 receptors --which are efficiently stimulated by LPS, as an important source of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as TNF-␣.22 Previous studies of asthmatic children showed an elevated concentration of this cytokine in bronchoalveolar lavage.23 Our data show no dif ...
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from severe asthmatic
... blood monocytes that present TLR4/CD14/MD2 receptors --which are efficiently stimulated by LPS, as an important source of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as TNF-␣.22 Previous studies of asthmatic children showed an elevated concentration of this cytokine in bronchoalveolar lavage.23 Our data show no dif ...
... blood monocytes that present TLR4/CD14/MD2 receptors --which are efficiently stimulated by LPS, as an important source of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as TNF-␣.22 Previous studies of asthmatic children showed an elevated concentration of this cytokine in bronchoalveolar lavage.23 Our data show no dif ...
The Role of Intracellular Neutral Lipid Hydrolases in Immune Cell
... the last and hopefully upcoming years. Thanks for being such an unbelievable source of energy and for your infectious motivation concerning science and life overall. It is beautiful and comforting to know, that certain things in life persist, while other things are changing. Therefore I want to than ...
... the last and hopefully upcoming years. Thanks for being such an unbelievable source of energy and for your infectious motivation concerning science and life overall. It is beautiful and comforting to know, that certain things in life persist, while other things are changing. Therefore I want to than ...
Going nuts for good health
... pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts are all nuts that are packed full of beneficial nutrients for good health. Enjoying nuts regularly as part of a healthy diet has been shown to protect the heart and may reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Eating nuts in moderation can have benefit ...
... pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts are all nuts that are packed full of beneficial nutrients for good health. Enjoying nuts regularly as part of a healthy diet has been shown to protect the heart and may reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Eating nuts in moderation can have benefit ...
Toll-like Receptors in the Vascular System
... components of the innate immune system responsible for recognizing and responding to danger and damage. PRRs are numerous and are expressed on a wide range of immune and nonimmune cells, including tissues of the cardiovascular system (Mann, 2011). PRRs have the ability to recognize unique evolutiona ...
... components of the innate immune system responsible for recognizing and responding to danger and damage. PRRs are numerous and are expressed on a wide range of immune and nonimmune cells, including tissues of the cardiovascular system (Mann, 2011). PRRs have the ability to recognize unique evolutiona ...
Chronic inflammation
... meant to influx of new inflammatory effector cells from the blood. It is necessary that along with the formation of these substances occurred gradient increasing microvascular permeability, of which the mononuclear leukocytes could enter the area of irritated macrophages localize. Activated macropha ...
... meant to influx of new inflammatory effector cells from the blood. It is necessary that along with the formation of these substances occurred gradient increasing microvascular permeability, of which the mononuclear leukocytes could enter the area of irritated macrophages localize. Activated macropha ...
The skull & foramina
... The cavernous sinus • Each cavernous sinus lies on the lateral side of the body of the sphenoid bone. Anteriorly, the sinus receives the inferior ophthalmic vein and the central vein of the retina. The sinus drains posteriorly into the transverse sinus through the superior petrosal sinus. Intercave ...
... The cavernous sinus • Each cavernous sinus lies on the lateral side of the body of the sphenoid bone. Anteriorly, the sinus receives the inferior ophthalmic vein and the central vein of the retina. The sinus drains posteriorly into the transverse sinus through the superior petrosal sinus. Intercave ...
Multiple Sclerosis Disease Report
... and cognitive functioning. Its name means “multiple scars or hardening,” and is derived from the observation of multiple areas of demyelination. The exact cause of MS is unknown, but it is believed that environmental factors, heredity, and potential viral infection may play a role in its onset. Ther ...
... and cognitive functioning. Its name means “multiple scars or hardening,” and is derived from the observation of multiple areas of demyelination. The exact cause of MS is unknown, but it is believed that environmental factors, heredity, and potential viral infection may play a role in its onset. Ther ...
The Challenging Response of Physis to Inflammation
... which is produced in the liver, and which indicates chronic inflammation. Initially it is produced to fight infection, help clear away dead bacteria, and promote healing. As long as inflammation persists, blood levels of CRP remain high. If this condition is prolonged, it will likely play a role in ...
... which is produced in the liver, and which indicates chronic inflammation. Initially it is produced to fight infection, help clear away dead bacteria, and promote healing. As long as inflammation persists, blood levels of CRP remain high. If this condition is prolonged, it will likely play a role in ...
If You Google Auto-Immune Disease, You`ll Find
... have no real answers to offer them. If you find yourself in that category, I hope this book changes that for you. If you Google Auto-Immune disease, you’ll find that it is a process where your body is destroying its own tissue. There tends to be an unnecessary mystery around auto-immune disorders an ...
... have no real answers to offer them. If you find yourself in that category, I hope this book changes that for you. If you Google Auto-Immune disease, you’ll find that it is a process where your body is destroying its own tissue. There tends to be an unnecessary mystery around auto-immune disorders an ...
Regulation of macrophage development and function in peripheral
... Inducible gene fate mapping models. These models rely on mice expressing an inducible Cre recombinase-encoding gene under the control of endogenous promoters that are expressed by the cell population of choice crossed with mice expressing floxed reporter transgenes that are driven by a ubiquitous re ...
... Inducible gene fate mapping models. These models rely on mice expressing an inducible Cre recombinase-encoding gene under the control of endogenous promoters that are expressed by the cell population of choice crossed with mice expressing floxed reporter transgenes that are driven by a ubiquitous re ...
WHO Meeting on Immunological Endpoints for TB Vaccine Trials
... studies of BCG-induced immunity[13,14], and is currently the primary screening assay to test multiple novel TB antigens in large Gates-funded consortiums[15]. Both these applications have involved measuring IFN-γ as the primary endpoint. IFN-γ is an example of a cytokine that is stable in culture an ...
... studies of BCG-induced immunity[13,14], and is currently the primary screening assay to test multiple novel TB antigens in large Gates-funded consortiums[15]. Both these applications have involved measuring IFN-γ as the primary endpoint. IFN-γ is an example of a cytokine that is stable in culture an ...
Leukocyte IGF-1 Receptor Expression during Muscle Recovery
... Among the several cell types that contain IGF-1 receptors (IGF-1R) to elicit cellular growth are immune cells (38). IGF1R are prevalent on the surface of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells identified by cell differentiation marker 221 (CD221). Their presence signifies IGF-1’s communication wit ...
... Among the several cell types that contain IGF-1 receptors (IGF-1R) to elicit cellular growth are immune cells (38). IGF1R are prevalent on the surface of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells identified by cell differentiation marker 221 (CD221). Their presence signifies IGF-1’s communication wit ...
Liver-directed Gene Transfer and Prolonged Expression of Three
... Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays a key role in lipoprotein metabolism and may have other important biological functions. In humans, there are three common, naturally occurring isoforms of apoE that are associated with differences in lipid levels and atherosclerosis. However, the direct in vivo effects ...
... Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays a key role in lipoprotein metabolism and may have other important biological functions. In humans, there are three common, naturally occurring isoforms of apoE that are associated with differences in lipid levels and atherosclerosis. However, the direct in vivo effects ...
Are Underlying Assumptions of Current Animal Models of Human
... are available which have increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides as well as low high-density lipoprotein levels [42]. Rabbits, however, rapidly develop atherosclerosis on hypercholesterolemic diets (0.5–4%/weight) where dietary cholesterol supplementation leads to the development of fatty str ...
... are available which have increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides as well as low high-density lipoprotein levels [42]. Rabbits, however, rapidly develop atherosclerosis on hypercholesterolemic diets (0.5–4%/weight) where dietary cholesterol supplementation leads to the development of fatty str ...
1073 - Saskatoon Health Region
... most current versions of documents in effect. SHR accepts no responsibility for use of this material by any person or organization not associated with SHR. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form for publication without permission of SHR. ...
... most current versions of documents in effect. SHR accepts no responsibility for use of this material by any person or organization not associated with SHR. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form for publication without permission of SHR. ...
clever-1 as an immune suppressive molecule
... The immune system is composed of cells, tissues and molecules that mediate defense mechanisms in the host against pathogens like bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites or against any abnormal activity like cancer growth or foreign substances. This process of defending the host against a pathogen is ...
... The immune system is composed of cells, tissues and molecules that mediate defense mechanisms in the host against pathogens like bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites or against any abnormal activity like cancer growth or foreign substances. This process of defending the host against a pathogen is ...
Periodontal disease associated to systemic genetic disorders
... in turn affects other systems such as cellular immunity or the metabolic system. Therefore, the alteration of these two systems is the principal mechanism underlying periodontal disease mediated by immunoglobulins (2). It has even been demonstrated that humoral response at this level is specific in ...
... in turn affects other systems such as cellular immunity or the metabolic system. Therefore, the alteration of these two systems is the principal mechanism underlying periodontal disease mediated by immunoglobulins (2). It has even been demonstrated that humoral response at this level is specific in ...
Nurses! Test Yourself in Anatomy and Physiology
... All living things are composed of cells, which are the smallest units of life and are so small they can only be viewed through a microscope. Cells are made from pre-existing cells through cell replication and division. The human body is composed of billions of cells which are specially adapted for t ...
... All living things are composed of cells, which are the smallest units of life and are so small they can only be viewed through a microscope. Cells are made from pre-existing cells through cell replication and division. The human body is composed of billions of cells which are specially adapted for t ...
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance: New
... leptin [30]. Adiponectin is a specific secretory adipokine that regulates fatty acid oxidation and inhibits lipid accumulation, both in adipose tissue and in the liver [31]. It also maintains whole-body glucose homeostasis, including hepatic insulin sensitivity [32]. Recent studies have shown that s ...
... leptin [30]. Adiponectin is a specific secretory adipokine that regulates fatty acid oxidation and inhibits lipid accumulation, both in adipose tissue and in the liver [31]. It also maintains whole-body glucose homeostasis, including hepatic insulin sensitivity [32]. Recent studies have shown that s ...
Pregnancy enhances the innate immune response in experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis through
... adaptive immune responses makes pregnant females more susceptible to a wide variety of pathogens, most notably Plasmodium spp. [3]. This observation extends to laboratory animals infected with Toxoplasma gondii, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium leprae, and Leishmania major [7, 8]. Pregnant mice ...
... adaptive immune responses makes pregnant females more susceptible to a wide variety of pathogens, most notably Plasmodium spp. [3]. This observation extends to laboratory animals infected with Toxoplasma gondii, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium leprae, and Leishmania major [7, 8]. Pregnant mice ...
The heterogeneity of lung macrophages in the susceptibility to disease
... Unfortunately, CCR2-deficient mice have monocytopenia, which synergises with the loss of CCR2 to limit the recruitment of monocytes into the lung and therefore provides little insight into the specific function or fate of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages in disease. Using parabiosis techniques ...
... Unfortunately, CCR2-deficient mice have monocytopenia, which synergises with the loss of CCR2 to limit the recruitment of monocytes into the lung and therefore provides little insight into the specific function or fate of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages in disease. Using parabiosis techniques ...
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis (also known as arteriosclerotic vascular disease or ASVD) is a specific form of arteriosclerosis in which an artery wall thickens as a result of invasion and accumulation of white blood cells (WBCs) (foam cell) and proliferation of intimal smooth muscle cell creating a fibrofatty plaque.The accumulation of the WBCs is termed ""fatty streaks"" early on because of the appearance being similar to that of marbled steak. These accumulations contain both living, active WBCs (producing inflammation) and remnants of dead cells, including cholesterol and triglycerides. The remnants eventually include calcium and other crystallized materials within the outermost and oldest plaque. The ""fatty streaks"" reduce the elasticity of the artery walls. However, they do not affect blood flow for decades because the artery muscular wall enlarges at the locations of plaque. The wall stiffening may eventually increase pulse pressure; widened pulse pressure is one possible result of advanced disease within the major arteries.Atherosclerosis is therefore a syndrome affecting arterial blood vessels due to a chronic inflammatory response of WBCs in the walls of arteries. This is promoted by low-density lipoproteins (LDL, plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides) without adequate removal of fats and cholesterol from the macrophages by functional high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It is commonly referred to as a ""hardening"" or furring of the arteries. It is caused by the formation of multiple atheromatous plaques within the arteries.The plaque is divided into three distinct components: The atheroma (""lump of gruel"", from Greek ἀθήρα (athera), meaning ""gruel""), which is the nodular accumulation of a soft, flaky, yellowish material at the center of large plaques, composed of macrophages nearest the lumen of the artery Underlying areas of cholesterol crystals Calcification at the outer base of older or more advanced lesions.Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that remains asymptomatic for decades. Atherosclerotic lesions, or atherosclerotic plaques, are separated into two broad categories: Stable and unstable (also called vulnerable). The pathobiology of atherosclerotic lesions is very complicated, but generally, stable atherosclerotic plaques, which tend to be asymptomatic, are rich in extracellular matrix and smooth muscle cells. On the other hand, unstable plaques are rich in macrophages and foam cells, and the extracellular matrix separating the lesion from the arterial lumen (also known as the fibrous cap) is usually weak and prone to rupture. Ruptures of the fibrous cap expose thrombogenic material, such as collagen, to the circulation and eventually induce thrombus formation in the lumen. Upon formation, intraluminal thrombi can occlude arteries outright (e.g., coronary occlusion), but more often they detach, move into the circulation, and eventually occlude smaller downstream branches causing thromboembolism. Apart from thromboembolism, chronically expanding atherosclerotic lesions can cause complete closure of the lumen. Chronically expanding lesions are often asymptomatic until lumen stenosis is so severe (usually over 80%) that blood supply to downstream tissue(s) is insufficient, resulting in ischemia.These complications of advanced atherosclerosis are chronic, slowly progressive and cumulative. Most commonly, soft plaque suddenly ruptures (see vulnerable plaque), causing the formation of a thrombus that will rapidly slow or stop blood flow, leading to death of the tissues fed by the artery in approximately five minutes. This catastrophic event is called an infarction. One of the most common recognized scenarios is called coronary thrombosis of a coronary artery, causing myocardial infarction (a heart attack). The same process in an artery to the brain is commonly called stroke. Another common scenario in very advanced disease is claudication from insufficient blood supply to the legs. Atherosclerosis affects the entire artery tree, but mostly larger, high-pressure vessels such as the coronary, renal, femoral, cerebral, and carotid arteries. These are termed ""clinically silent"" because the person having the infarction does not notice the problem and does not seek medical help, or when they do, physicians do not recognize what has happened.