The role of different monocyte subsets and macrophages in asthma
... people worldwide and thereby it constitutes one of the most serious global health problems. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of large and small airways that is closely related to complex interactions among numerous inflammatory cells and soluble mediators. To date, the majority of studies ha ...
... people worldwide and thereby it constitutes one of the most serious global health problems. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of large and small airways that is closely related to complex interactions among numerous inflammatory cells and soluble mediators. To date, the majority of studies ha ...
Asthma and pulmonary arterial hypertension: pathogenesis? PERSPECTIVE
... attributable to NFAT activation: asthma and PAH (fig. 2). 2) Replacement therapy with VIP reverses both phenotypes. 3) The therapeutic effect of VIP in VIP-/- mice duplicates that of the VIVIT peptide [49], a selective calcineurin/NFAT pathway inhibitor. 4) These findings suggest that lack of the VI ...
... attributable to NFAT activation: asthma and PAH (fig. 2). 2) Replacement therapy with VIP reverses both phenotypes. 3) The therapeutic effect of VIP in VIP-/- mice duplicates that of the VIVIT peptide [49], a selective calcineurin/NFAT pathway inhibitor. 4) These findings suggest that lack of the VI ...
The level of monocyte turnover predicts disease progression in the
... BrdU is a thymidine analog that is incorporated into cell DNA during DNA synthesis at the S-phase of the cell cycle. Therefore, it is considered a specific and reliable marker for dividing cells. Monocytes are derived from progenitor cells in bone marrow, circulate in the blood, and then enter tissu ...
... BrdU is a thymidine analog that is incorporated into cell DNA during DNA synthesis at the S-phase of the cell cycle. Therefore, it is considered a specific and reliable marker for dividing cells. Monocytes are derived from progenitor cells in bone marrow, circulate in the blood, and then enter tissu ...
Full text - Universiteit Leiden
... physical and chemical signals by the production of a wide range of factors that regulate vascular tone, cellular adhesion, thrombus resistance, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and vessel wall inflammation.4 It is generally accepted that the activation of the endothelial cell layer, as a response t ...
... physical and chemical signals by the production of a wide range of factors that regulate vascular tone, cellular adhesion, thrombus resistance, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and vessel wall inflammation.4 It is generally accepted that the activation of the endothelial cell layer, as a response t ...
Tissue Microenvironments Define and Get Reinforced by
... hence PAMPs and DAMPs will lead to their full activation through a process similar to what has been referred to as ‘classical-M1 macrophage activation’ in in vitro studies [1]. Inflammatory macrophages secrete IL-1, IL12, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-␣ and ROS, and express inducible nitric oxi ...
... hence PAMPs and DAMPs will lead to their full activation through a process similar to what has been referred to as ‘classical-M1 macrophage activation’ in in vitro studies [1]. Inflammatory macrophages secrete IL-1, IL12, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-␣ and ROS, and express inducible nitric oxi ...
Fusobacterium nucleatum Alters Atherosclerosis Risk
... Atherosclerotic vascular diseases (ASVD) are the leading cause of death globally [1]. Although there are numerous well-established factors that increase risk for ASVD, including genetic factors, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and smoking, these do not account for all cases, and microbial infecti ...
... Atherosclerotic vascular diseases (ASVD) are the leading cause of death globally [1]. Although there are numerous well-established factors that increase risk for ASVD, including genetic factors, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and smoking, these do not account for all cases, and microbial infecti ...
Persistent accumulation of interferon-gamma- producing CD8(+)CD56(+) T cells in blood from
... Chronic immune stimulation plays an important role in atherogenesis1. Activated T cells are prominent components of human atherosclerotic lesions2-3 and also, blood samples from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), in particular acute coronary syndromes (ACS), show signs of T cell activation ...
... Chronic immune stimulation plays an important role in atherogenesis1. Activated T cells are prominent components of human atherosclerotic lesions2-3 and also, blood samples from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), in particular acute coronary syndromes (ACS), show signs of T cell activation ...
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
... detected 92 with respiratory eosinophil count greater than1000/cumm, with worm infestation, 37 with pulmonary eosinophilia, 14 with wheezing, cough, 6 with respond to diethyl carbamazine and 17 others following deworming required further therapy for eosinophilia4. Epidemiology of pulmonary eosinohil ...
... detected 92 with respiratory eosinophil count greater than1000/cumm, with worm infestation, 37 with pulmonary eosinophilia, 14 with wheezing, cough, 6 with respond to diethyl carbamazine and 17 others following deworming required further therapy for eosinophilia4. Epidemiology of pulmonary eosinohil ...
Drosophila as a model for the two myeloid blood cell systems in
... and excretory (pericardial nephrocyte) lineages [2,39]. Specifically, they derive from a hemangioblast-like progenitor that also gives rise to the dorsal vessel, the heart-like Drosophila vascular organ [39]. This bears similarity to the differentiation of vertebrate hematopoietic and endothelial li ...
... and excretory (pericardial nephrocyte) lineages [2,39]. Specifically, they derive from a hemangioblast-like progenitor that also gives rise to the dorsal vessel, the heart-like Drosophila vascular organ [39]. This bears similarity to the differentiation of vertebrate hematopoietic and endothelial li ...
Vascular, glial, and lymphatic immune gateways of the central
... 2. Perivascular and paravascular The term perivascular is used to denote pathways within the walls of capillaries, arterioles and arteries and spaces around postcapillary venules. Intramural perivascular pathways specifically refer to drainage routes along basement membranes between smooth muscle ce ...
... 2. Perivascular and paravascular The term perivascular is used to denote pathways within the walls of capillaries, arterioles and arteries and spaces around postcapillary venules. Intramural perivascular pathways specifically refer to drainage routes along basement membranes between smooth muscle ce ...
Tibial blood supply
... retrospectively review of 105 patients with 110 open tibia fractures treated with external fixator or intramedullary nail Smokers had a union rate of 84% (52/62), and nonsmokers had a union rate of 94% (45/48), P = .10. For smokers in one arm of the study, time to union was significantly longer ...
... retrospectively review of 105 patients with 110 open tibia fractures treated with external fixator or intramedullary nail Smokers had a union rate of 84% (52/62), and nonsmokers had a union rate of 94% (45/48), P = .10. For smokers in one arm of the study, time to union was significantly longer ...
K Kawasaki disease: Etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment
... with narrowed lumens and calcified arterial walls, despite the fact that these changes may not be apparent on arteriography.15 Therapy with IVIG has decreased the incidence of giant aneurysms,12 which rarely regress and frequently develop complicating thromboses, stenosis, or total occlusion. Myocar ...
... with narrowed lumens and calcified arterial walls, despite the fact that these changes may not be apparent on arteriography.15 Therapy with IVIG has decreased the incidence of giant aneurysms,12 which rarely regress and frequently develop complicating thromboses, stenosis, or total occlusion. Myocar ...
The role of inflammation in cutaneous repair
... same cannot be said for macrophages. It is clear that macrophage numbers in the wound can dictate the level of scar formation, with reduced numbers being linked to less fibrosis. In foetal wounds, when monocytes have yet to develop, wounds heal scar-free1,26,27. This improved healing process perseve ...
... same cannot be said for macrophages. It is clear that macrophage numbers in the wound can dictate the level of scar formation, with reduced numbers being linked to less fibrosis. In foetal wounds, when monocytes have yet to develop, wounds heal scar-free1,26,27. This improved healing process perseve ...
Immunohaematology - The Carter Center
... the needs of Medical Laboratory professionals and Blood Bank personnel for a material that comprise the theories and laboratory techniques concerning blood transfusion service. The Lecture Note is also important for health professionals in other disciplines as a reference related to blood transfusio ...
... the needs of Medical Laboratory professionals and Blood Bank personnel for a material that comprise the theories and laboratory techniques concerning blood transfusion service. The Lecture Note is also important for health professionals in other disciplines as a reference related to blood transfusio ...
Tips to Remember: What is an allergic reaction
... only allergic to cat dander (they only have the IgE antibodies specific to cat dander) and others seem to be allergic to everything (they have many more types of IgE antibodies.) The next time an allergic individual comes into contact with the allergens to which he or she is sensitive, the allergens ...
... only allergic to cat dander (they only have the IgE antibodies specific to cat dander) and others seem to be allergic to everything (they have many more types of IgE antibodies.) The next time an allergic individual comes into contact with the allergens to which he or she is sensitive, the allergens ...
The Role of Polyphenols in Cardiovascular Diseases
... thus potential protective compounds in them. Several epidemiological studies have suggested a high intake of dietary flavonoids to be associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease, but the studies on stroke are limited. In addition, out of tens of potentially health beneficial polypheno ...
... thus potential protective compounds in them. Several epidemiological studies have suggested a high intake of dietary flavonoids to be associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease, but the studies on stroke are limited. In addition, out of tens of potentially health beneficial polypheno ...
Inflammation - UK - Tree of Light Publishing
... the body’s initial response to irritation, tissue damage or infection ...
... the body’s initial response to irritation, tissue damage or infection ...
Dialysis education Poster
... possible risk of tearing the graft. It also helps to prevent backwall sticking. Once the graft is punctured, advance the needle slowly with the cutting edge facing the top of the vessel. DO NOT ROTATE AXIS WHEN ...
... possible risk of tearing the graft. It also helps to prevent backwall sticking. Once the graft is punctured, advance the needle slowly with the cutting edge facing the top of the vessel. DO NOT ROTATE AXIS WHEN ...
Baker AAAS talk.pptx
... Ar3ficial Organs: • 117,521 people in United States • ~18 people die every day wai-ng • Synthe-c blood products • Ar-ficial pancreas for diabetes Laboratory for Cardiovascular Bioengineering and Therapeu3cs ...
... Ar3ficial Organs: • 117,521 people in United States • ~18 people die every day wai-ng • Synthe-c blood products • Ar-ficial pancreas for diabetes Laboratory for Cardiovascular Bioengineering and Therapeu3cs ...
Lipid Biology and Lymphatic Function: A Dynamic Interplay with
... adiponectin, leptin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) are critical determinants of various metabolic and physiological function [49]. Therefore, the absence of adipose tissue results in detrimental metabolic changes. Similar to humans suffering from lipoatrophy [50], mice ...
... adiponectin, leptin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) are critical determinants of various metabolic and physiological function [49]. Therefore, the absence of adipose tissue results in detrimental metabolic changes. Similar to humans suffering from lipoatrophy [50], mice ...
Total white blood cell counts and LPS-induced TNFa
... necessary for the semiallogeneic blastocyst to be able to implant. Most research has focussed on lymphocyte cytokine production and we have previously shown that during pregnancy, the peripheral-specific immune response is shifted away from a type 1 (i.e. cellular) immune response towards a type 2 ( ...
... necessary for the semiallogeneic blastocyst to be able to implant. Most research has focussed on lymphocyte cytokine production and we have previously shown that during pregnancy, the peripheral-specific immune response is shifted away from a type 1 (i.e. cellular) immune response towards a type 2 ( ...
Case Discussion: The Oral Cavity and Floor of Mouth Organ Imaging
... sebum. Age at presentation most often is late teens/early 20’s. Tend to be small and dormant in childhood, enlarge when sebaceous glands activated during adolescence. Usually slow growth. Sudden growth or inflammation may indicate cyst rupture. ...
... sebum. Age at presentation most often is late teens/early 20’s. Tend to be small and dormant in childhood, enlarge when sebaceous glands activated during adolescence. Usually slow growth. Sudden growth or inflammation may indicate cyst rupture. ...
Increase in Peripheral Blood Intermediate Monocytes is Associated
... patients showed higher CD11b expression compared to those of the Graves and HC groups (Fig. 2A). CD62L is an adhesion molecule that is present on the surface of inflammatory monocytes, and its expression has been linked to the capacity of monocytes to preferentially migrate to the sites of inflammat ...
... patients showed higher CD11b expression compared to those of the Graves and HC groups (Fig. 2A). CD62L is an adhesion molecule that is present on the surface of inflammatory monocytes, and its expression has been linked to the capacity of monocytes to preferentially migrate to the sites of inflammat ...
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis (also known as arteriosclerotic vascular disease or ASVD) is a specific form of arteriosclerosis in which an artery wall thickens as a result of invasion and accumulation of white blood cells (WBCs) (foam cell) and proliferation of intimal smooth muscle cell creating a fibrofatty plaque.The accumulation of the WBCs is termed ""fatty streaks"" early on because of the appearance being similar to that of marbled steak. These accumulations contain both living, active WBCs (producing inflammation) and remnants of dead cells, including cholesterol and triglycerides. The remnants eventually include calcium and other crystallized materials within the outermost and oldest plaque. The ""fatty streaks"" reduce the elasticity of the artery walls. However, they do not affect blood flow for decades because the artery muscular wall enlarges at the locations of plaque. The wall stiffening may eventually increase pulse pressure; widened pulse pressure is one possible result of advanced disease within the major arteries.Atherosclerosis is therefore a syndrome affecting arterial blood vessels due to a chronic inflammatory response of WBCs in the walls of arteries. This is promoted by low-density lipoproteins (LDL, plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides) without adequate removal of fats and cholesterol from the macrophages by functional high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It is commonly referred to as a ""hardening"" or furring of the arteries. It is caused by the formation of multiple atheromatous plaques within the arteries.The plaque is divided into three distinct components: The atheroma (""lump of gruel"", from Greek ἀθήρα (athera), meaning ""gruel""), which is the nodular accumulation of a soft, flaky, yellowish material at the center of large plaques, composed of macrophages nearest the lumen of the artery Underlying areas of cholesterol crystals Calcification at the outer base of older or more advanced lesions.Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that remains asymptomatic for decades. Atherosclerotic lesions, or atherosclerotic plaques, are separated into two broad categories: Stable and unstable (also called vulnerable). The pathobiology of atherosclerotic lesions is very complicated, but generally, stable atherosclerotic plaques, which tend to be asymptomatic, are rich in extracellular matrix and smooth muscle cells. On the other hand, unstable plaques are rich in macrophages and foam cells, and the extracellular matrix separating the lesion from the arterial lumen (also known as the fibrous cap) is usually weak and prone to rupture. Ruptures of the fibrous cap expose thrombogenic material, such as collagen, to the circulation and eventually induce thrombus formation in the lumen. Upon formation, intraluminal thrombi can occlude arteries outright (e.g., coronary occlusion), but more often they detach, move into the circulation, and eventually occlude smaller downstream branches causing thromboembolism. Apart from thromboembolism, chronically expanding atherosclerotic lesions can cause complete closure of the lumen. Chronically expanding lesions are often asymptomatic until lumen stenosis is so severe (usually over 80%) that blood supply to downstream tissue(s) is insufficient, resulting in ischemia.These complications of advanced atherosclerosis are chronic, slowly progressive and cumulative. Most commonly, soft plaque suddenly ruptures (see vulnerable plaque), causing the formation of a thrombus that will rapidly slow or stop blood flow, leading to death of the tissues fed by the artery in approximately five minutes. This catastrophic event is called an infarction. One of the most common recognized scenarios is called coronary thrombosis of a coronary artery, causing myocardial infarction (a heart attack). The same process in an artery to the brain is commonly called stroke. Another common scenario in very advanced disease is claudication from insufficient blood supply to the legs. Atherosclerosis affects the entire artery tree, but mostly larger, high-pressure vessels such as the coronary, renal, femoral, cerebral, and carotid arteries. These are termed ""clinically silent"" because the person having the infarction does not notice the problem and does not seek medical help, or when they do, physicians do not recognize what has happened.