C−C, C−O, C−N Bond Formation on sp2 Carbon by Pd(II)
... Being electrophilic species, palladium(II) salts tend to react with π-nucleophiles such as olefins, alkynes, and arenes. The mechanisms of these processes have been extensively studied. A typical reaction with alkenes starts with the complexation of the olefin by the Pd(II) salt, as shown in Scheme ...
... Being electrophilic species, palladium(II) salts tend to react with π-nucleophiles such as olefins, alkynes, and arenes. The mechanisms of these processes have been extensively studied. A typical reaction with alkenes starts with the complexation of the olefin by the Pd(II) salt, as shown in Scheme ...
Transition Metal Reagents and Catalysts
... important types of reactions classi®ed mainly by representative substrates such as organic halides and allylic derivatives are surveyed with pertinent examples. For this purpose, I cited many references; these were selected from a much larger number which I have collected over the years. I wanted to ...
... important types of reactions classi®ed mainly by representative substrates such as organic halides and allylic derivatives are surveyed with pertinent examples. For this purpose, I cited many references; these were selected from a much larger number which I have collected over the years. I wanted to ...
THE FRIEDEL-CRAFTS BENZYLATION OF ARENES AND THE
... First, I would like to thank my supervisor Prof. Dr. Jeffrey W. Bode for giving me the opportunity to work in his research group. After the group arrived from UPenn, I was one of his first new PhD students at ETH and I feel really fortunate that I could join the group during this exciting time. Jeff ...
... First, I would like to thank my supervisor Prof. Dr. Jeffrey W. Bode for giving me the opportunity to work in his research group. After the group arrived from UPenn, I was one of his first new PhD students at ETH and I feel really fortunate that I could join the group during this exciting time. Jeff ...
Proofs to - Research Explorer
... [Fe{=C(H)Me}(dppe)Cp*][PF6], [25]. The X-ray crystal structures of the oxygen heteroatomstabilised carbene complexes 3[I] and 5[PF6] have therefore been determined and important bond lengths and angles are summarised in Table 1 together with comparative data for related cyclopentadienyl iron and rut ...
... [Fe{=C(H)Me}(dppe)Cp*][PF6], [25]. The X-ray crystal structures of the oxygen heteroatomstabilised carbene complexes 3[I] and 5[PF6] have therefore been determined and important bond lengths and angles are summarised in Table 1 together with comparative data for related cyclopentadienyl iron and rut ...
Unit 2
... that is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ by an industrial process called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. To start with, liquid crude oil is fed into a _ _ _ _ _ _ where it is vaporized. The _ _ _ mixture of gases then passes into a fractionating _ _ _ _ _ _ and begins its journey upwards from the hott ...
... that is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ by an industrial process called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. To start with, liquid crude oil is fed into a _ _ _ _ _ _ where it is vaporized. The _ _ _ mixture of gases then passes into a fractionating _ _ _ _ _ _ and begins its journey upwards from the hott ...
fats
... Hundreds of different kinds of fatty acids exist. Some have one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon tail and are said to be unsaturated. Fatty acids with no double bonds are saturated. –O –O O O C ...
... Hundreds of different kinds of fatty acids exist. Some have one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon tail and are said to be unsaturated. Fatty acids with no double bonds are saturated. –O –O O O C ...
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
... a. Add 1-pentene to water (Markovnikov Addition) and 2-pentanol will be prepared in a 100% yield ...
... a. Add 1-pentene to water (Markovnikov Addition) and 2-pentanol will be prepared in a 100% yield ...
On The catalytic Hydrogenation of Co2 and Carboxylic acid esters
... equivalent is added to a substrate in the presence of a catalyst, catalytic hydrogenation reactions have the greatest impact on the human society. Discovered by Paul Sabatier in 1897,1 catalytic hydrogenation sparked the rapid development of the chemical industry. Probably the most remarkable exampl ...
... equivalent is added to a substrate in the presence of a catalyst, catalytic hydrogenation reactions have the greatest impact on the human society. Discovered by Paul Sabatier in 1897,1 catalytic hydrogenation sparked the rapid development of the chemical industry. Probably the most remarkable exampl ...
Organic Chemistry
... in the electrophilic addition of HX to alkenes, so the product formed is the one with the halogen substituent upon the more highly substituted carbon. Also, rearrangement (hydride or methyl shift to form a more stable carbocation) might occur, typical of reactions that have a carbocation intermediat ...
... in the electrophilic addition of HX to alkenes, so the product formed is the one with the halogen substituent upon the more highly substituted carbon. Also, rearrangement (hydride or methyl shift to form a more stable carbocation) might occur, typical of reactions that have a carbocation intermediat ...
Ion Exchange Resins: Catalyst Recovery and Recycle
... under reaction conditions (190 °C, 5.0 MPa carbon monoxide pressure, low water content) generates in situ both the N-methylpyridinium iodide ion-exchanger derivative and, subsequently, the immobilized catalyst, by substitution of iodide with the anionic rhodium(I) precursor [Rh(CO)2I2]-, which forms ...
... under reaction conditions (190 °C, 5.0 MPa carbon monoxide pressure, low water content) generates in situ both the N-methylpyridinium iodide ion-exchanger derivative and, subsequently, the immobilized catalyst, by substitution of iodide with the anionic rhodium(I) precursor [Rh(CO)2I2]-, which forms ...
View - Forest Products Laboratory
... with an alkyl group. The substitution reaction first involves the removal of the hydrogen by sodium hydroxide to make sodium cellulose (Fig. 2d). The sodium cellulose is then reacted with the appropriate alkyl halide or epoxide. Reaction with an alkyl halide yields the cellulose ether plus sodium ha ...
... with an alkyl group. The substitution reaction first involves the removal of the hydrogen by sodium hydroxide to make sodium cellulose (Fig. 2d). The sodium cellulose is then reacted with the appropriate alkyl halide or epoxide. Reaction with an alkyl halide yields the cellulose ether plus sodium ha ...
Binding and Hydrolysis of Meperidine by Human Liver
... 10% sulfuric acid at 70°C for 5 h. The procedure modified meperidinic acid to its methyl ester. The solution was evaporated to 2 ml at 55°C under reduced pressure, adjusted to pH 9 to 10 with concentrated ammonium hydroxide, extracted with diethyl ether (2 3 15 ml), and evaporated to dryness. The mi ...
... 10% sulfuric acid at 70°C for 5 h. The procedure modified meperidinic acid to its methyl ester. The solution was evaporated to 2 ml at 55°C under reduced pressure, adjusted to pH 9 to 10 with concentrated ammonium hydroxide, extracted with diethyl ether (2 3 15 ml), and evaporated to dryness. The mi ...
Synthetic Organic Chemistry - Name
... 1.3 Applications of organolithium compounds Organolithium compounds are the most versatile reagents in all fields of chemistry . Thus some of the important applications of these compounds are as follows: 1. Organolithium compounds are highly reactive nucleophiles and strong bases due to the presenc ...
... 1.3 Applications of organolithium compounds Organolithium compounds are the most versatile reagents in all fields of chemistry . Thus some of the important applications of these compounds are as follows: 1. Organolithium compounds are highly reactive nucleophiles and strong bases due to the presenc ...
Handout 3
... Acidic water addition of H, OH follows Mark.Rule (with possible rearrangement ).(hydride or methyl shift) Oxymercuration reaction is anti addition of H, OH that follows Mark.Rule (However, no rearrangement occurs). Hydroboration Method For the preparation of all types of alcohols 1°, 2°, 3° -Syn add ...
... Acidic water addition of H, OH follows Mark.Rule (with possible rearrangement ).(hydride or methyl shift) Oxymercuration reaction is anti addition of H, OH that follows Mark.Rule (However, no rearrangement occurs). Hydroboration Method For the preparation of all types of alcohols 1°, 2°, 3° -Syn add ...
Iodine and Lipase Based Green Oxidation Technology
... Chapter 1 Generally speaking, formation of waste during any process should be judged according to the E factor. 29, 30 Solvents that are less toxic, less harmful and that can be easily recovered and recycled are the desired ones. 1.1.4 Recovery and recycling Ease of recovery of ...
... Chapter 1 Generally speaking, formation of waste during any process should be judged according to the E factor. 29, 30 Solvents that are less toxic, less harmful and that can be easily recovered and recycled are the desired ones. 1.1.4 Recovery and recycling Ease of recovery of ...
Transition Metal Catalyzed Selective Oxidation of Sugars and Polyols
... Oxidation reactions of sugars to their corresponding lactones and the selective oxidation of a secondary alcohol of sugar substrates to keto-sugars using transition metal catalysis were investigated. Research results demonstrate that Shvo’s hydrogen-transfer catalyst, [(η4-C4Ph4CO)(CO)2Ru]2, selecti ...
... Oxidation reactions of sugars to their corresponding lactones and the selective oxidation of a secondary alcohol of sugar substrates to keto-sugars using transition metal catalysis were investigated. Research results demonstrate that Shvo’s hydrogen-transfer catalyst, [(η4-C4Ph4CO)(CO)2Ru]2, selecti ...
Document
... present investigation and data from the literature relative to the composition of comb waxes reveals a general similarity between the latter and propolis waxes, although notable differences are apparent as to the relative proportions of some constituents. This observation suggests that propolis waxe ...
... present investigation and data from the literature relative to the composition of comb waxes reveals a general similarity between the latter and propolis waxes, although notable differences are apparent as to the relative proportions of some constituents. This observation suggests that propolis waxe ...
Petasis reaction
The Petasis reaction (alternatively called the Petasis borono–Mannich (PBM) reaction) is the chemical reaction of an amine, aldehyde, and vinyl- or aryl-boronic acid to form substituted amines.Reported in 1993 by Nicos Petasis as a practical method towards the synthesis of a geometrically pure antifungal agent, naftifine, the Petasis reaction can be described as a variation of the Mannich reaction. Rather than generating an enolate to form the substituted amine product, in the Petasis reaction, the vinyl group of the organoboronic acid serves as the nucleophile. In comparison to other methods of generating allyl amines, the Petasis reaction tolerates a multifunctional scaffold, with a variety of amines and organoboronic acids as potential starting materials. Additionally, the reaction does not require anhydrous or inert conditions. As a mild, selective synthesis, the Petasis reaction is useful in generating α-amino acids, and is utilized in combinatorial chemistry and drug discovery.