Trichomonas vaginalis - Università degli Studi di Sassari
... pancake shape that allows an increasing of the surface contact [2, 14]. In a process called swarming, trophozoites are able to attach one to another by their pseudopods forming aggregates consisting of numerous cells. The exact role of these aggregates is not yet clear. Pereira-Naves et al have show ...
... pancake shape that allows an increasing of the surface contact [2, 14]. In a process called swarming, trophozoites are able to attach one to another by their pseudopods forming aggregates consisting of numerous cells. The exact role of these aggregates is not yet clear. Pereira-Naves et al have show ...
bacteriophages
... 3. Neutralization of Phage Infectivity When a phage preparation is mixed with homologous antiserum there is a progressive decrease in the number of plaqueforming particles. The inactivation process can be interrupted at any time by diluting the phage-antibody mixture below the antibody concentration ...
... 3. Neutralization of Phage Infectivity When a phage preparation is mixed with homologous antiserum there is a progressive decrease in the number of plaqueforming particles. The inactivation process can be interrupted at any time by diluting the phage-antibody mixture below the antibody concentration ...
Müller Cells in the Healthy Retina
... 2.1 Morphology and Cellular Properties of Müller Cells as Constituents of Retinal Tissue 2.1.1 Basic Morphology of Müller Cells Müller cells (Figs. 1.17c, d, 2.1, 2.5, 2.9, 2.13, and 2.31) are radial glial cells that reside in a part of the adult CNS. As such, they share the basic bipolar morphology ...
... 2.1 Morphology and Cellular Properties of Müller Cells as Constituents of Retinal Tissue 2.1.1 Basic Morphology of Müller Cells Müller cells (Figs. 1.17c, d, 2.1, 2.5, 2.9, 2.13, and 2.31) are radial glial cells that reside in a part of the adult CNS. As such, they share the basic bipolar morphology ...
Maternal allergy is associated with surfacebound IgE on cord blood
... disease in children (1–4); however, the cell types mediating this maternal influence remain poorly understood. Basophils participate in allergic responses by releasing histamine upon crosslinking the immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor (FceRI) (5, 6). Increased ...
... disease in children (1–4); however, the cell types mediating this maternal influence remain poorly understood. Basophils participate in allergic responses by releasing histamine upon crosslinking the immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor (FceRI) (5, 6). Increased ...
Homeostatic MyD88-dependent signals cause lethal
... For example, MyD88-dependent signals on antigen-presenting cells support the activation and expansion of T cells. To determine whether basal MyD88-dependent signals cause spontaneous activation and expansion of T cells in unperturbed A20/ mice, we examined the number and activation state of T cell ...
... For example, MyD88-dependent signals on antigen-presenting cells support the activation and expansion of T cells. To determine whether basal MyD88-dependent signals cause spontaneous activation and expansion of T cells in unperturbed A20/ mice, we examined the number and activation state of T cell ...
Commins, et al, JACI, 2014
... *For both pollen allergens and alpha-gal there is very little evidence for immediate symptoms following natural exposure and many investigators have tried to explain why. ...
... *For both pollen allergens and alpha-gal there is very little evidence for immediate symptoms following natural exposure and many investigators have tried to explain why. ...
Twelfth International Symposium July 2006 program [PDF 748.15KB]
... the EBV field, as well as two plenary sessions from exceptional investigators outside the field to give us new perspectives on NF-kB signaling and antigen presentation. We will recognize another of our outstanding EBV investigators with the Henle Lectureship, and we will pay special tribute to two d ...
... the EBV field, as well as two plenary sessions from exceptional investigators outside the field to give us new perspectives on NF-kB signaling and antigen presentation. We will recognize another of our outstanding EBV investigators with the Henle Lectureship, and we will pay special tribute to two d ...
Saccharomyces boulardii effects on gastrointestinal diseases
... including more than 2000 micro-organism species coexisting in a complex equilibrium with the host. This microflora has various effects including metabolic activities, trophic effects on the intestinal epithelium, interactions with the host immune system (Guarner and Malagelada, 2003) and acts as a b ...
... including more than 2000 micro-organism species coexisting in a complex equilibrium with the host. This microflora has various effects including metabolic activities, trophic effects on the intestinal epithelium, interactions with the host immune system (Guarner and Malagelada, 2003) and acts as a b ...
UNIVERSIDAD DE MURCIA FACULTAD DE BIOLOGÍA
... site is also present and may have functional relevance. Notably, the C-terminal recombinant protein antagonized the effects of recombinant rainbow trout IL-1 on inflammatory gene expression in a trout macrophage cell line, suggesting it is an IL-1 antagonist. Modeling studies have confirmed that n ...
... site is also present and may have functional relevance. Notably, the C-terminal recombinant protein antagonized the effects of recombinant rainbow trout IL-1 on inflammatory gene expression in a trout macrophage cell line, suggesting it is an IL-1 antagonist. Modeling studies have confirmed that n ...
An Official ATS Workshop Summary: Recent Advances and Future
... has been difficult to examine. The organism is strictly host specific, but the antigens or mechanisms that confer specificity have not been elucidated. Finally, Pneumocystis infections are virtually always limited to the lung, but the host characteristics that allow infection are not completely underst ...
... has been difficult to examine. The organism is strictly host specific, but the antigens or mechanisms that confer specificity have not been elucidated. Finally, Pneumocystis infections are virtually always limited to the lung, but the host characteristics that allow infection are not completely underst ...
In Vitro Studies of Chicken Egg Yolk Antibody (IgY
... Cross-Reactivity of IgY. The cross-reactivity of IgY was determined by using the above ELISA and the following bacterial cells: S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and E. coli 987P. Wells of the microtiter plate were coated with 150 µL of lyophilized whole cells in carbonate-bic ...
... Cross-Reactivity of IgY. The cross-reactivity of IgY was determined by using the above ELISA and the following bacterial cells: S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and E. coli 987P. Wells of the microtiter plate were coated with 150 µL of lyophilized whole cells in carbonate-bic ...
A Scientists Are Amazed at Progress of Alopecia Areata Treatment
... of Directors but have no medical or scientific background. I was a lay attendee at the meeting, so much that was said was way over my head! But here are a few of the many highlights I picked up at the meeting: ...
... of Directors but have no medical or scientific background. I was a lay attendee at the meeting, so much that was said was way over my head! But here are a few of the many highlights I picked up at the meeting: ...
Vitiligo and alopecia areata: apples and oranges?
... as diagnostic and treatment expertise are often tailored by organ system. Alternatively, autoimmunity can be categorized based on immune pathogenesis, such as cytokine expression, T-cell infiltrate or both. This can be very helpful for developing new treatments, as diseases sharing a similar mechani ...
... as diagnostic and treatment expertise are often tailored by organ system. Alternatively, autoimmunity can be categorized based on immune pathogenesis, such as cytokine expression, T-cell infiltrate or both. This can be very helpful for developing new treatments, as diseases sharing a similar mechani ...
Full-Text PDF
... cultured pathogens followed by an immunoblot using sera from infected patients or animals which is then analysed by mass spectrometry or microsequencing [68–72]. Weakly expressed antigens or differentially expressed proteins, e.g. dependent on pathogen-host interaction, may not be identified by this ...
... cultured pathogens followed by an immunoblot using sera from infected patients or animals which is then analysed by mass spectrometry or microsequencing [68–72]. Weakly expressed antigens or differentially expressed proteins, e.g. dependent on pathogen-host interaction, may not be identified by this ...
Circulating Organ-Specific MicroRNAs Serve as Biomarkers
... of the gene expression in humans [8,9], including proliferation, DNA repair, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis [10,11]. Different cells/tissues/organs possess different miRNA expression profiles [12,13]. Some miRNAs are specific or abundant in certain organs, e.g., miR-122 is liver-specific ...
... of the gene expression in humans [8,9], including proliferation, DNA repair, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis [10,11]. Different cells/tissues/organs possess different miRNA expression profiles [12,13]. Some miRNAs are specific or abundant in certain organs, e.g., miR-122 is liver-specific ...
Virulence in malaria: an evolutionary viewpoint
... benefit of virulence is higher transmission rate: by extracting more resources from the host, the parasite is able to make more transmissible forms per unit time. Another benefit is slower parasite clearance rate and hence a longer infection from which to transmit. However, the cost of virulence is ...
... benefit of virulence is higher transmission rate: by extracting more resources from the host, the parasite is able to make more transmissible forms per unit time. Another benefit is slower parasite clearance rate and hence a longer infection from which to transmit. However, the cost of virulence is ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... substitutions which result in the expression of speciesspecific epitopes. Detection of these epitopes with monoclonal antibodies is the basis of a number of quick and convenient diagnostic methods. The target molecule which has been most intensively studied is the heavy subunit of the galactose/N-ac ...
... substitutions which result in the expression of speciesspecific epitopes. Detection of these epitopes with monoclonal antibodies is the basis of a number of quick and convenient diagnostic methods. The target molecule which has been most intensively studied is the heavy subunit of the galactose/N-ac ...
Platelets: versatile effector cells in hemostasis, inflammation, and the
... reported to synthesize TF [16, 46], suggesting that they can directly participate in clot propagation and stabilization [16] (also see later). Platelets contribute actively to clot retraction and remodeling [2], which—like thrombus formation—are dynamic features of hemostasis [40]. The interactions ...
... reported to synthesize TF [16, 46], suggesting that they can directly participate in clot propagation and stabilization [16] (also see later). Platelets contribute actively to clot retraction and remodeling [2], which—like thrombus formation—are dynamic features of hemostasis [40]. The interactions ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.