Class #9 - 8/5/10
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” Mill argued that you cannot simply identify pleasure with good and evil with pain. Mill proposed a version of utilitarianism that did not fall ba ...
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” Mill argued that you cannot simply identify pleasure with good and evil with pain. Mill proposed a version of utilitarianism that did not fall ba ...
Class #10 - 5/14/12
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” In response to Bentham, John Stuart Mill claims that happiness is an intellectual achievement, not merely pleasure. Mill argued that you cannot s ...
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” In response to Bentham, John Stuart Mill claims that happiness is an intellectual achievement, not merely pleasure. Mill argued that you cannot s ...
Duty Theory - Soazig Le Bihan
... (1) To be rational = to be truly free – autonomous = to have dignity = to be worthy of respect (2) Rule of Absolute Respect = respect of one’s autonomy – never use others as means only (3) Rationality is the foundation of morality: As rational, autonomous agents, we understand that our duty is to do ...
... (1) To be rational = to be truly free – autonomous = to have dignity = to be worthy of respect (2) Rule of Absolute Respect = respect of one’s autonomy – never use others as means only (3) Rationality is the foundation of morality: As rational, autonomous agents, we understand that our duty is to do ...
Jonathan Swift: “A Modest Proposal” Irony and Sarcasm Literary Satire
... modes of presentation & representation, not direct condemnation. • Swift combines the two types and is more Juvenalian than Horatian. – Relies on your ability to understand irony. ...
... modes of presentation & representation, not direct condemnation. • Swift combines the two types and is more Juvenalian than Horatian. – Relies on your ability to understand irony. ...
c. virtue ethics - University of San Diego
... Kant’s second formulation of the categorical imperative is a bit less abstract: “Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, never simply as a means but always at the same time as an end.” This is sometimes called the respect for persons ...
... Kant’s second formulation of the categorical imperative is a bit less abstract: “Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, never simply as a means but always at the same time as an end.” This is sometimes called the respect for persons ...
it is the right thing to do.
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” In response to Bentham, John Stuart Mill claims that happiness is an intellectual achievement, not merely pleasure. Mill argued that you cannot s ...
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” In response to Bentham, John Stuart Mill claims that happiness is an intellectual achievement, not merely pleasure. Mill argued that you cannot s ...
Ethical Theory - Watford Grammar School For Boys
... what they are and how they are intended to be applied: 1. pragmatism: it is based on experience rather than on theory 2. relativism: it is based on making the absolute laws of Christian ethics relative 3. positivism: it begins with belief in the reality and importance of love 4. personalism: persons ...
... what they are and how they are intended to be applied: 1. pragmatism: it is based on experience rather than on theory 2. relativism: it is based on making the absolute laws of Christian ethics relative 3. positivism: it begins with belief in the reality and importance of love 4. personalism: persons ...
Prediction table 2012 File
... principles of the religion you have studied with regard to gGenetic Engineering. ...
... principles of the religion you have studied with regard to gGenetic Engineering. ...
303 3
... 1. This freedom, which we can call the rational freedom of selfdetermination, becomes moral freedom when we choose to act in accordance with the moral law. 2. Autonomy emphasizes the fact that moral beings give themselves the moral law. As ends in themselves, moral beings are not subservient to anyo ...
... 1. This freedom, which we can call the rational freedom of selfdetermination, becomes moral freedom when we choose to act in accordance with the moral law. 2. Autonomy emphasizes the fact that moral beings give themselves the moral law. As ends in themselves, moral beings are not subservient to anyo ...
Kantian Ethics
... Sovereignty of Reason By basing morality on reason we can guarantee that it is objective and its authority or sovereignty To deny 2+2=4 is just as irrational for Kant as lying. Rationalism even extends into our value ...
... Sovereignty of Reason By basing morality on reason we can guarantee that it is objective and its authority or sovereignty To deny 2+2=4 is just as irrational for Kant as lying. Rationalism even extends into our value ...
Week 3
... 1. This freedom, which we can call the rational freedom of selfdetermination, becomes moral freedom when we choose to act in accordance with the moral law. 2. Autonomy emphasizes the fact that moral beings give themselves the moral law. As ends in themselves, moral beings are not subservient to anyo ...
... 1. This freedom, which we can call the rational freedom of selfdetermination, becomes moral freedom when we choose to act in accordance with the moral law. 2. Autonomy emphasizes the fact that moral beings give themselves the moral law. As ends in themselves, moral beings are not subservient to anyo ...
YES Project Complete Draft
... The terms “moral” and “ethical” are used more or less interchangeably today. However, it may be useful for teachers and students to know that the term “ethics” is the wider notion. It comes from the Greek word “ethos” which translates roughly as character. This places emphasis on how decisions are ...
... The terms “moral” and “ethical” are used more or less interchangeably today. However, it may be useful for teachers and students to know that the term “ethics” is the wider notion. It comes from the Greek word “ethos” which translates roughly as character. This places emphasis on how decisions are ...
Ethical theorists: A comparison of main ideas
... is done for the sake of duty The use of reason is central to moral life – duty is determined by principles I must act in such a way that the principles according to which I act should become a universal law ...
... is done for the sake of duty The use of reason is central to moral life – duty is determined by principles I must act in such a way that the principles according to which I act should become a universal law ...
the ethics of obligation
... violation is justified, then the violation is weakly justified, and the person could be sanctioned for the violation. ...
... violation is justified, then the violation is weakly justified, and the person could be sanctioned for the violation. ...
casual sex and morality: a kantian-libertarian
... forms of human interaction (one example is given in note 4). In particular, it can be applied to a form of interaction of especial interest to libertarians, viz. market exchanges. In market transactions the Moral Law enjoins that we treat the parties to the transaction as ends and not merely as mean ...
... forms of human interaction (one example is given in note 4). In particular, it can be applied to a form of interaction of especial interest to libertarians, viz. market exchanges. In market transactions the Moral Law enjoins that we treat the parties to the transaction as ends and not merely as mean ...
CHAPTER 6
... • Charity: a rule denying charity would deny love, and would thus be in conflict with our need for love. ...
... • Charity: a rule denying charity would deny love, and would thus be in conflict with our need for love. ...
The Enlightenment
... the separation of powers, but denied the right of revolution. This latter conclusion was in apparent contradiction of his support for republicanism, including the French, English, and American revolutions (Beck, 1971, p.413). The term “republican” in Kant’s writings is sometimes interpreted to mean ...
... the separation of powers, but denied the right of revolution. This latter conclusion was in apparent contradiction of his support for republicanism, including the French, English, and American revolutions (Beck, 1971, p.413). The term “republican” in Kant’s writings is sometimes interpreted to mean ...
The Ethic of Care and the Dialectic of Enlightenment
... Therefore, feminist philosophers criticize the dominant conception of morality as an absolute point of view from which arise abstract, objective moral rules that lead to just and right moral judgements and well-ordered societies, because in effect it amounts to a kind of a moral positivism which neg ...
... Therefore, feminist philosophers criticize the dominant conception of morality as an absolute point of view from which arise abstract, objective moral rules that lead to just and right moral judgements and well-ordered societies, because in effect it amounts to a kind of a moral positivism which neg ...
Introduction to Moral Heteronomy. History, Proposals, Arguments
... ontological constitution of human beings affords them to be able to perform actions so and so. Normativity is an autonomous realm of experience because ethics does not deal with what human beings actually experience when they ...
... ontological constitution of human beings affords them to be able to perform actions so and so. Normativity is an autonomous realm of experience because ethics does not deal with what human beings actually experience when they ...
Morals in Politics: The Case of Georg Schwarzenberger
... 1) “Denial of the existence of an international morality” (Machiavelli) 2) Denial of “any difference in kind between the moral obligations incumbent upon individuals and states” (Kant) 3) Different moral rules applicable to states and to individuals (Hegel) ...
... 1) “Denial of the existence of an international morality” (Machiavelli) 2) Denial of “any difference in kind between the moral obligations incumbent upon individuals and states” (Kant) 3) Different moral rules applicable to states and to individuals (Hegel) ...
introdcution to ethics - MDC Faculty Home Pages
... Categorical Imperative • Categorical Imperative- It commands certain conduct immediately. • Categorical- it applies instantly to all rational beings • Imperative- a principle on which we ought to act • "Act only on that maxim whereby thou canst at the same time will that it should become a universa ...
... Categorical Imperative • Categorical Imperative- It commands certain conduct immediately. • Categorical- it applies instantly to all rational beings • Imperative- a principle on which we ought to act • "Act only on that maxim whereby thou canst at the same time will that it should become a universa ...
NATURAL LAW, KANTIAN ETHICS
... Universalization. ‘Act so that the maxim of your action can be a universal law’ Are you willing to carry out the rule yourself? Can you wish all people would obey the principle you act on? Would all rational people of good-will agree? Is it self contradictory? ‘Always accept and never give’ ...
... Universalization. ‘Act so that the maxim of your action can be a universal law’ Are you willing to carry out the rule yourself? Can you wish all people would obey the principle you act on? Would all rational people of good-will agree? Is it self contradictory? ‘Always accept and never give’ ...
Moral Enhancement and the Duty to Eliminate Evildoing
... the problem. First, what is the target of moral enhancement? More precisely, what is being enhanced and to what extent? I argue against the perfectionist view that we should create moral saints or at least maximally improve people morally. The argument rests on the moral imperative to respect the se ...
... the problem. First, what is the target of moral enhancement? More precisely, what is being enhanced and to what extent? I argue against the perfectionist view that we should create moral saints or at least maximally improve people morally. The argument rests on the moral imperative to respect the se ...
Ethics Theories
... According to Kant, we must not only act out of a right motivation, but must also do the right thing. Both the motive and the act must be morally relevant. (Any contradiction with the previous condition that as long as the motive is good the consequences of the act is not important?) Categorical im ...
... According to Kant, we must not only act out of a right motivation, but must also do the right thing. Both the motive and the act must be morally relevant. (Any contradiction with the previous condition that as long as the motive is good the consequences of the act is not important?) Categorical im ...
Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals
Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals (German: Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten; 1785; also known as the Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals, Grounding of the Metaphysics of Morals and the Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals) is the first of Immanuel Kant's mature works on moral philosophy and remains one of the most influential in the field. Kant conceives his investigation as a work of foundational ethics—one that clears the ground for future research by explaining the core concepts and principles of moral theory and showing that they are normative for rational agents. Kant aspires to nothing less than this: to lay bare the fundamental principle of morality and show that it applies to us. In the text, Kant provides a groundbreaking argument that the rightness of an action is determined by the character of the principle that a person chooses to act upon. Kant thus stands in stark contrast to the moral sense theories and teleological moral theories that dominated moral philosophy at the time he was writing.The Groundwork is broken into a preface, followed by three sections. Kant's argument works from common reason up to the supreme unconditional law, in order to identify its existence. He then works backwards from there to prove the relevance and weight of the moral law. The third and final section of the book is famously obscure, and it is partly because of this that Kant later, in 1788, decided to publish the Critique of Practical Reason.