Homework Booklet - Lesmahagow High School
... 3. A skier sets off from rest and accelerates uniformly down a straight ski run. After 4·50 seconds she reaches a speed of 23·0 m s-1. After this time the skier no longer accelerates but continues to travel at 23·0 m s-1 for a further 11·0 s. Calculate: a) the acceleration of the skier during the fi ...
... 3. A skier sets off from rest and accelerates uniformly down a straight ski run. After 4·50 seconds she reaches a speed of 23·0 m s-1. After this time the skier no longer accelerates but continues to travel at 23·0 m s-1 for a further 11·0 s. Calculate: a) the acceleration of the skier during the fi ...
waves
... Use the formula v = 8f to relate the frequency and wavelength of a wave to its speed. Discuss the nature of sound. Describe what a standing wave is and how musical instruments make use of it. State what the doppler effect is and explain its origin. Discuss the nature of electromagnetic waves and giv ...
... Use the formula v = 8f to relate the frequency and wavelength of a wave to its speed. Discuss the nature of sound. Describe what a standing wave is and how musical instruments make use of it. State what the doppler effect is and explain its origin. Discuss the nature of electromagnetic waves and giv ...
Assignment 5
... away. When the light beam in prism A is incident on the A/B interface, hypotenuse face, it suffers TIR as θi > θc. There is however an evanescent wave whose field decays exponentially with distance in medium B. When we bring prism C close to A, the field in B will reach C and consequently penetrates ...
... away. When the light beam in prism A is incident on the A/B interface, hypotenuse face, it suffers TIR as θi > θc. There is however an evanescent wave whose field decays exponentially with distance in medium B. When we bring prism C close to A, the field in B will reach C and consequently penetrates ...
Document
... provides the basis for defining the optic sign of uniaxial minerals. Optically positive uniaxial minerals n omega < n epsilon (if extrordinary ray is the slow ray, then the mineral is optically positive.) Optically negative uniaxial minerals n omega > nepsilon (if extraordinary ray is the fast r ...
... provides the basis for defining the optic sign of uniaxial minerals. Optically positive uniaxial minerals n omega < n epsilon (if extrordinary ray is the slow ray, then the mineral is optically positive.) Optically negative uniaxial minerals n omega > nepsilon (if extraordinary ray is the fast r ...
Physics 252: Frames of Reference and Newton`s Laws
... suggest a possible way to measure the speed of light. The idea is to have two people far away from each other, with covered lanterns. One uncovers his lantern, then the other immediately uncovers his on seeing the light from the first. This routine is to be practiced with the two close together, so ...
... suggest a possible way to measure the speed of light. The idea is to have two people far away from each other, with covered lanterns. One uncovers his lantern, then the other immediately uncovers his on seeing the light from the first. This routine is to be practiced with the two close together, so ...
Understanding Polarization
... We will refer to the amplitude of a light wave with the letter “E.” The amplitude of a light wave represents the potential for a charged particle (such as an electron) to feel a force – formally it may represent the “electric field” of an electromagnetic wave. Because this potential vibrates along t ...
... We will refer to the amplitude of a light wave with the letter “E.” The amplitude of a light wave represents the potential for a charged particle (such as an electron) to feel a force – formally it may represent the “electric field” of an electromagnetic wave. Because this potential vibrates along t ...
The color of shock waves in photonic crystals Abstract Evan J. Reed,
... media, are a promising and versatile way to control the propagation of electromagnetic radiation. In this paper, we consider the influence of a propagating shock wave, or shock-like modulation of the dielectric, in a photonic crystal on the electromagnetic radiation inside. We find that new physical e ...
... media, are a promising and versatile way to control the propagation of electromagnetic radiation. In this paper, we consider the influence of a propagating shock wave, or shock-like modulation of the dielectric, in a photonic crystal on the electromagnetic radiation inside. We find that new physical e ...
physical optics - Sakshi Education
... mechanical. So it does not require a material medium. According to this theory electromagnetic wave is composed of electric and magnetic fields, varying at right angles. These variations propagate in vacuum perpendicular to the field. This theory could not explain photoelectric and Compton effects. ...
... mechanical. So it does not require a material medium. According to this theory electromagnetic wave is composed of electric and magnetic fields, varying at right angles. These variations propagate in vacuum perpendicular to the field. This theory could not explain photoelectric and Compton effects. ...
Chapter_2 - Experimental Elementary Particle Physics Group
... Another way of expressing this "clock hypothesis" is to say that an ideal clock is unaffected by acceleration, and to regard this as the definition of an "ideal clock", i.e., one that compensates for any effects of 2nd or higher derivatives. Of course the physical significance of this definition ari ...
... Another way of expressing this "clock hypothesis" is to say that an ideal clock is unaffected by acceleration, and to regard this as the definition of an "ideal clock", i.e., one that compensates for any effects of 2nd or higher derivatives. Of course the physical significance of this definition ari ...
Engineering Physics-01.p65
... Here ‘a’ is the amplitude (the maximum displacement of the wave),‘l’ is the wavelength (length of complete wave from crest to crest or from trough to trough) The wavelengths of visible light is in the range of 4000 Å to 7200 Å (i.e., 4 to 7.2 × 10–5 cm). Faraday and Maxwell showed that light is comp ...
... Here ‘a’ is the amplitude (the maximum displacement of the wave),‘l’ is the wavelength (length of complete wave from crest to crest or from trough to trough) The wavelengths of visible light is in the range of 4000 Å to 7200 Å (i.e., 4 to 7.2 × 10–5 cm). Faraday and Maxwell showed that light is comp ...
Introduction - NC State University
... Light Scattering Spectroscopy 3-D Polyatomic Crystals : • Any 3-D crystal can be described by a unit cell and a basis • The basis are the atoms and their orientation with respect to each lattice point • There are 14 possible 3-D unit cells (Bravais lattices) ...
... Light Scattering Spectroscopy 3-D Polyatomic Crystals : • Any 3-D crystal can be described by a unit cell and a basis • The basis are the atoms and their orientation with respect to each lattice point • There are 14 possible 3-D unit cells (Bravais lattices) ...
Radio Waves – Part III: The Photoelectric Effect
... occur by two different mechanisms of energy transfer; - there was a total confusion regarding the true nature of light; thus, light was supposed to be: (i) longitudinal waves of compression in aether (like sound in air); (ii) transverse waves of aether (like water waves); (iii) transverse electric w ...
... occur by two different mechanisms of energy transfer; - there was a total confusion regarding the true nature of light; thus, light was supposed to be: (i) longitudinal waves of compression in aether (like sound in air); (ii) transverse waves of aether (like water waves); (iii) transverse electric w ...
Speed of light
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted c, is a universal physical constant important in many areas of physics. Its value is exactly 7008299792458000000♠299792458 metres per second (≈7008300000000000000♠3.00×108 m/s), as the length of the metre is defined from this constant and the international standard for time. According to special relativity, c is the maximum speed at which all matter and information in the universe can travel. It is the speed at which all massless particles and changes of the associated fields (including electromagnetic radiation such as light and gravitational waves) travel in vacuum. Such particles and waves travel at c regardless of the motion of the source or the inertial reference frame of the observer. In the theory of relativity, c interrelates space and time, and also appears in the famous equation of mass–energy equivalence E = mc2.The speed at which light propagates through transparent materials, such as glass or air, is less than c; similarly, the speed of radio waves in wire cables is slower than c. The ratio between c and the speed v at which light travels in a material is called the refractive index n of the material (n = c / v). For example, for visible light the refractive index of glass is typically around 1.5, meaning that light in glass travels at c / 1.5 ≈ 7008200000000000000♠200000 km/s; the refractive index of air for visible light is about 1.0003, so the speed of light in air is about 7008299700000000000♠299700 km/s (about 7004900000000000000♠90 km/s slower than c).For many practical purposes, light and other electromagnetic waves will appear to propagate instantaneously, but for long distances and very sensitive measurements, their finite speed has noticeable effects. In communicating with distant space probes, it can take minutes to hours for a message to get from Earth to the spacecraft, or vice versa. The light seen from stars left them many years ago, allowing the study of the history of the universe by looking at distant objects. The finite speed of light also limits the theoretical maximum speed of computers, since information must be sent within the computer from chip to chip. The speed of light can be used with time of flight measurements to measure large distances to high precision.Ole Rømer first demonstrated in 1676 that light travels at a finite speed (as opposed to instantaneously) by studying the apparent motion of Jupiter's moon Io. In 1865, James Clerk Maxwell proposed that light was an electromagnetic wave, and therefore travelled at the speed c appearing in his theory of electromagnetism. In 1905, Albert Einstein postulated that the speed of light with respect to any inertial frame is independent of the motion of the light source, and explored the consequences of that postulate by deriving the special theory of relativity and showing that the parameter c had relevance outside of the context of light and electromagnetism. After centuries of increasingly precise measurements, in 1975 the speed of light was known to be 7008299792458000000♠299792458 m/s with a measurement uncertainty of 4 parts per billion. In 1983, the metre was redefined in the International System of Units (SI) as the distance travelled by light in vacuum in 1/7008299792458000000♠299792458 of a second. As a result, the numerical value of c in metres per second is now fixed exactly by the definition of the metre.