Download Chapter 13 Reading Guide Part 1

Chapter 13 Reading Guide
Section 13.1: page 337
Name: ______________________ Period: ______ Date: ______
1. Give one examples of selective breeding from the book: __________________________________.
2. Give one advantage of inbreeding: ___________________________________________________.
Give one disadvantage of inbreeding: _________________________________________________.
3. True or false. The homozygous genotypes are considered purebred.
4. Which of the following genotypes is considered hybrid?
a. GG
b. gg
c. Gg
d. homozygous
5. Describe two advantages of hybrid plants given in the textbook: _______________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
6. Which of the following is an example of a test cross? Circle one.
a. BB x Bb
b. BB x bb
c. Bb x Bb
d. Bb x ??
7. In a test cross, the parent with the known genotype is always ________________.
8. Understanding a main idea question: Hybrid corn is produced that is both resistant to bacterial infection
and produces a high number of ears of corn. What is the most likely phenotype of each parent plant for
this hybrid plant? (Think each parent contributed one of the genes)
a. both were resistant to bacterial infection
b. one was resistant to bacterial infection and one produced many ears of corn
c. both had produces high number of ears of corn
d. they did not have any special phenotype – just chosen at random
9. Understanding the main idea question. A test cross is made between a cat with a dominant phenotype
but an unknown genotype (could be BB or Bb) and a cat with a recessive genotype (bb). The mating
produces 10 kittens of which 50% show the recessive genotype and 50% show the dominant phenotype.
What is the most genotype of the parent cat?
a. BB
b. Bb
c. bb
d. brown
Section 13.2: page 341
10.
What is an advantage genetic engineering has over selective breeding?
________________________
11.
What example of a transgenic organism does your book give? ______________________________
12.
What are the three steps in the process of creating a transgenic organism? (first paragraph page 342)
a. ________________________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________________________
13.
Describe a restriction enzyme: ________________________________________________________
14.
Which of the following sequences is a palindrome? (read the same forward and backward like MOM)
a. ACCATGGT
b. TTAAAATT
c. GATAGATA
d. TTTTAAAA
15.
Some restriction enzymes produce fragments in which the DNA is cut ___________________________
both strands. These are called _______________________________.
16.
Other enzymes, such as the enzyme EcoRI, cut _____________________ sequences of DNA. When this
DNA is cut, double-stranded fragments with _______________________ ends are formed.
17.
The restriction enzyme EcoRI cuts sticky end at the DNA sequence AATT. Mark where it would cut
the following sequences:
a. CGAGCTTAAGCGAG
b. TCCAATATAGGAATTCC
GCTCGAATTCGC TC
AGGTTATATCCTTAAGG
18.
Describe a vector: __________________________________________________________________
What was the vector for the transgenic tobacco plant? _____________________
19.
Give two examples of each type of vector:
a. biological: _____________________________ and _______________________________
b. mechanical: ____________________________ and _______________________________
20.
What is a plasmid? ___________________________________________________________________
21.
Clones are __________________________________________________________________________.
22.
What cells can plasmids deliver recombinant DNA into? _____________________________________.
23.
What is a benefit of cloning animals? ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
24.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to make millions of copies of ______________________.
25.
What are the uses of PCR given in the book?
a. _________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________________
26.
27.
What can scientists use DNA sequencing for? ______________________________________________
Briefly describe gel electrophoresis using Figure 13.8 on page 346.
a. _____________________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________________
c. _____________________________________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________________________________
28.
What are two uses of recombinant DNA in industry:
a. _____________________________________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________________________
What are two uses of recombinant DNA in medicine:
a. ____________________________________________________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________________________________
What are two uses of transgenic organisms?
a. ______________________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________________
What are two uses of recombinant DNA in agriculture?
a. ______________________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________________
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