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Chapter 4
“The Rise of the Sumerian
City-States”
4.1 Introduction
NAME _________________________________
Date ______________________ Per ________
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4.2 Why was Mesopotamia a
difficult environment?
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4.3 ______________________
______________________
____________________ ?
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4.4 Why was the water supply
uncontrolled in the River
Valley?
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4.4 (continued)
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The
name
“Mesopotamia”
means
_______________________.
Mesopotamia is located ____________________________________.
Cities first appeared _______________________________________
________________________________________________________
These first cities were like __________________________________
________________________________________________________
The cities looked like ______________________________________
_______________________________________________________
The northern part _________________________________________
And the southern part ______________________________________
The sun _________________________________________________
There was very little rain for the farms. The rivers _______________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Building materials were scarce. ______________________________
________________________________________________________
Mesopotamians faced 4 key problems as they tried to survive:
1) _____________________________________________________
2) _____________________________________________________
3) _____________________________________________________
4) _____________________________________________________
In Neolithic times, people in some areas of the world began farming; one of
these areas was the foothills of Zagros Mountain. in northern Mesopotamia.
This was a good place to be because:
1) _____________________________________________________
2) _____________________________________________________
3) _____________________________________________________
Below the foothills and to the south, the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers ran
through the plains, bringing precious water. But no one lived there because
________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Driven by the need for food, ________________________________
________________________________________________________
The farmers who moved to Sumer faced many challenges. The biggest
problem was the uncontrolled water supply.
Melted snow would fill the river causing floods, but no one knew when the
water would come. The problem was that their crops would
________________________________________________________
For much of the rest of the year ______________________________
________________________________________________________
To succeed at growing crops, they had to ______________________
________________________________________________________
Sumerian farmers began to _________________________________
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4.5 ______________________
______________________
____________________ ?
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4.6 Why were there attacks by
neighboring communities?
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4.7 ______________________
______________________
____________________ ?
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They built _______________________________________________
When the land was dry _____________________________________
Over time, they learned other ways to control the water, such as:
1) _____________________________________________________
2) _____________________________________________________
3) _____________________________________________________
Irrigation systems provided enough water for Sumerian farmers to grow
plenty of food. But now a new problem arose: _____________
_______________________________________________________
The irrigation system passed through many villages as it carried water.
1) _____________________________________________________
2) _____________________________________________________
Farmers could no longer live apart; they were ___________________
________________________________________________________
Gradually, villages came to _________________________________
________________________________________________________
As Sumerian cities grew, they fought over the right to use more water.
Sometimes cities located upriver _____________________________
________________________________________________________
Sumerians began to _______________________________________
1) ____________________________________________________
2) ____________________________________________________
3) ____________________________________________________
The walled Sumerian cities were like _________________________
_______________________________________________________
The Sumerian went from ___________________________________
A basic challenge for any group is ____________________________
_______________________________________________________
To control the water supply, ________________________________
To defend themselves, _____________________________________
Vocabulary (optional)
Summary:
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