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CONCEPT LIST July 19, 2003 Biology Concepts The Cell Cell components: Cellular fluid Ions, solutions, macromolecules Cell components: Membrane Lipid, self-assembly, hydrophobicity Cell components: Movement of Materials across a Membrane (osmosis) Concentration, gradient, barrier, pore, diffusion, turgor, cystic fibrosis Cell components: Pump (active transport) Molecular machine, active transport, ATP Cell components: Synthesis of macromolecules Monomer, polymer, covalent bond, carbon backbone, amino acid, protein, carbohydrate,polysaccharide, lipid, fats and lipids, nucleic acid, DNA and RNA, charge,surface Cell components:Protein folding, identification Crystal, amino acid, charge, hydrophobicity, S-S bonds Cell components: Receptor Molecular machine, complementarity, charge Cell information coding: Nucleus and DNA DNA, RNA, protein synthesis Cell growth, differentiation and regulation Selective gene expression, feedback, enzymes, Cell component: Chloroplast Photosynthesis, ATP, reduction Communication Nerve transmission along an axon, synapse, receptor Metabolism Enzyme, active site, catalysis, synthesis, energy storage, acidity, range of reactions Most cell functions involve chemical reactions. Kinetic motion, collisions, reactions Interdependence of Life Producers Enzyme, active site, catalysis, synthesis, energy storage, ATP Decomposers Enzyme, active site, breakdown, oxidation Digestion Enzyme, active site, Ecosystems NO MODEL Food web Food as energy, digestion Evolution Genetic variability Allele, randomness Natural Selection NO MODEL Species diversity Mutation Gene, substitution, deletion, amino acid, protein structure and function,UV radiation Micelles Lipids,hydrophobicity,self-assembly Heredity (Amy and Joyce build hierarchy) Coding by 4 subunits Gene Dominance X-linkage Chromosomes Replication Meiosis Mitosis Genetic variability Mutation Recombinant DNA Pedigree Monohybrid Dihibrid Population Matter and Energy Key Elements of Life Atomic structure, role of carbon, covalent bonds Energy Production Photosynthesis Light absorption Entropy Bond energy Covalent bonds ATP Conservation of matter and energy Energy Requirements/feedback Water and life Polar water molecule, solutions, hydrophobicity Origin of Life ` Macromolecules Self-assembly, charge, temperature,virus,RNA Behavior of Organisms: Nervous System Receptor, ion, signal, transmembrane potential,synapse, hormones, transmitter molecules, Ionic homeostasis Circulation Hemoglobin, Sickle-Cell Anemia, Melittin, pHt Obtaining energy from food/Digestion Enzyme, carbohydrate, ATP Metabolism Enzyme, carbohydrate, ATP Respiration States of Matter, diffusion, evaporation, gas exchange, solution Storage Starch, sugar, carbohydrates,feedback Transportation Molecular machines, actin and myosin Waste disposal Diffusion, filtratiion,osmosis, pressure, homeostasis,amonia, reabsorption,hormone System Feedback Homeostasis/equilibrium Random event Molecular Biology Acidity, range of reactions Active site Active transport Amino Acid Allele ATP Carbohydrates/Sugar Carbon backbone Complementarity Synthesis of molecules Breakdown of molecules DNA, RNA Enzyme Gene Gene expression Lipids Macromolecule Membrane potential/ membrane gradient, Metabolism, Monomer Mutation Protein Osmosis Passive transport Photosynthesis keywords: amino acids, sugar Polar molecule; polar nature of water Polymer Protein structure Protein Function Self- assembly Synthesis: protein Receptor Signal Template-based synthesis Transcription Transportation of molecules in the cell Physiochemical Concepts Atomic structure Barrier Charge Chemical Bonds Chemical reaction Collisions Concentration Covalent Diffusion Dissolving Distance between particles Element Energy Energy transfer Entropy Evaporation Flux of matter and energy Gradient Heat energy Hydrogen bonds Hydrolysis Ion Ionic homeostasis Kinetic motion Light energy absorption Oxidation PH Phase change Pressure Solubility Solutions States of Matter Temperature Van der Waals
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