Download 1920`s Unit- Objectives-

1920’s Unit- Essential Questions’s…..Review…
 How/why/with what effect were the 1920’s “roaring”?
 How/why/with what effect did the 1920’s feature conflict between traditional
and modern America?
 Argue that mistakes made in the 1920’s were “paid for” in the 1930’s (Great
Depression)
(NOTE- ALREADY STARTED 20’S UNIT WITH PROHIBITION PONDERINGS
ACTIVITY 1/3-1/5/17…WHICH YOU RECEIVED SEPARATELY AND I’LL
EVENTUALLY PUT ONLINE AS A SEPARATE DOC TOO…)
And, before diving further into the 20’s, gotta give a little background re WWI….
Notes, discussion, review of main concepts to know re World War 1 from an American
History perspective…….
ImperialismAlliancesNationalismMilitarism
These are the causes of the war….what are these and what do they have to do with
America in 1914???
Define “trench warfare” and the nature of the fighting in WWI.
*Brutal, bloody, a quagmire (going nowhere……..thousands would die with little
progress by either side). Rats, disease, decaying bodies, frigid conditions……..
A) Understand who the war was fought between. (Allies vs. Central Powers)
*Allies (Great Britain, France, USA) vs. (Germany/Austria-Hungary) Central
Powers………basically democracies vs. dictators in some respects.
B) Arguments for and against Neutrality? Many thought we had to “defend
Democracy”, others thought “let Europe fight its own wars”.
C) Why ultimately did we enter the war on the side of the Allies?
* One version (the “yay ‘Merica” one)- to make the world safe for
democracy…….(less “yay” ‘Merica version) - to protect our imperial interests and
because we wanted a role in the peace treaty that would come with being on the
winning side.
D) Understand- America’s entrance into the war helped turn the tide, break the stalemate
and helped the Allies ultimately win, and the world and U.S. saw how brutal such a
world, technologically advanced war could be (airplanes, chemical weapons, tanks,
trench warfare, etc).
E) Our involvement in the victory allowed us to participate in the peace settlement.
F) HOW DID THE WAR DRAMATICALLY CHANGE OUR ECONOMY AND
SOCIETY?
War production elevated our economy, for the first time the government controlled large
aspects of American life and business for the war effort, society changed a lot with
African Americans moving north and the expanded role in society for women. People
also became more cynical and leery of European conflict and war.
Just listen Jerry!!!!!!!!!!!
G) How was the war “sold” by the US government……..BY
PROPAGANDA….SHOULD THE GOVERNMENT BE SELLING A WAR TO ITS
CITIZENS??
H) Great Migration? African Americans taking advantage of jobs in the north and
moving by the thousands from the South to the north, Midwest, and west.
I) 394 How did the role of women in the US change with WWI……..Women played
more prominent roles in society out of necessity.
J) President Wilson argued for a “softer” peace, which included a League of
Nations to help keep international peace. But a victor’s peace instead was
reached with the Treaty of Versailles. This treaty put all of the blame for the war
on Germany, and made them pay war reparations. This humiliated the
Germans, put them into ruins essentially, and paved the way for Germany to be
vulnerable to a man like Hitler taking over leadership and control of that
country later. (from a U.S. History perspective, this is what’s most important to
know about WWI in my opinion)
K) Understand- During the war, the economy, public opinion and disagreement with the
war was controlled and addressed by the U.S. government for the first time.
Brainstorm…….Why might the 20’s be looked back on as “roaring”??
Brainstorm why these below represented conflicts present in the 20’s..
 City life vs. Agrarian life
*Religion vs. Science-

Freedom vs. Regulation-
1/5/17 and 1/06/17
of US—The Booming, “roaring” of American society..
America – The Story of Us - “Boom”
….History
Directions: Provide information that explains the importance and/or significance of
each of the following.
1.
“Black Gold”:
2.
Oil Drilling:
3.
“Petroleum Age”:
Interaction…What would be a long term challenge associated with the overnight oil
boom in the US?
4.
Henry Ford ; Production Line; Model “T”:
Interaction….Predict why Henry Ford was the first industrialist to pay his workers
well, treat them well, etc??
5.
Los Angeles; Water :
6. Chicago, 1919; Political Power
Interaction…to what degree did the “Great Migration” result in all that migrating
African Americans were hoping for?
7. Prohibition:
8.
Bootlegging; “Muscle Cars” :
9. Organized Crime:
10. St. Valentine’s Day Massacre
11. “Ballistic” Forensic:
12. The 21st Amendment:
Interaction………so why were the 20’s “roaring”, booming, full of conflict???
PAGES 241-245
The Impact of Henry Ford and the Automobile: Text
5.
Identify Cause and Effect Describe at least two ways the Model T
stimulated the economy.
6.
Draw Conclusions The invention of the Model T had several effects on
how people lived. In your opinion, what was the most significant social effect
of the Model T? Cite evidence to support your conclusion.
Economic Growth in the 1920s: Text
7. Draw Conclusions The text mentions that some advertisers focused on the desires
and fears of people. How does the advertisement for corn flakes do this? When have
you seen a modern commercial focus on people’s desires or fears?
8.
Summarize How did buying on margin and installment buying affect how
many Americans acted as consumers?
Urban, Suburban, and Rural Areas: Text
9.
Compare and Contrast Explain two ways in which today’s urban,
suburban, and rural life is similar to life in the 1920s. Then explain a way life
has changed.
10. Determine Central Idea What is the main idea of the song “Eleven Cent
Cotton”?
PAGES 252-254
Modernism vs. Fundamentalism = Scopes Trial
How did the Scopes Trial epitomize this “struggle, battle”?
*Scopes Trial: (from pbs.org)
It made for great oratory between eminent rivals, and it put the debate over teaching evolution on
front pages across the country. But one thing the Scopes "monkey trial" of 1925 did not do was settle
the contentious issue of evolution in the schools, which continues to incite strong passions and court
actions to this day.
Narrowly, the trial was about challenging a newly passed Tennessee state law against teaching
evolution or any other theory denying the biblical account of the creation of man. Broadly, the case
reflected a collision of traditional views and values with more modern ones: It was a time of
evangelism by figures such as Aimee Semple McPherson and Billy Sunday against forces, including
jazz, sexual permissiveness, and racy Hollywood movies, which they thought were undermining the
authority of the Bible and Christian morals in society.
John Scopes, the 24-year-old defendant, taught in the public high school in Dayton, Tenn., and
included evolution in his curriculum. He agreed to be the focus of a test case attacking the new law,
and was arrested for teaching evolution and tried with the American Civil Liberties Union backing his
defense. His lawyer was the legendary Clarence Darrow, who, besides being a renowned defense
attorney for labor and radical figures, was an avowed agnostic in religious matters.
The state's attorney was William Jennings Bryan, a Christian, pacifist, and former candidate for the
U.S. presidency. He agreed to take the case because he believed that evolution theory led to
dangerous social movements. And he believed the Bible should be interpreted literally.
The weather was stiflingly hot and the rhetoric equally heated in this "trial of the century" attended by
hundreds of reporters and others who crowded the Rhea County Courthouse in July 1925. Rather than
the validity of the law under which Scopes was being charged, the authority of the Bible versus the
soundness of Darwin's theory became the focus of the arguments.
"Millions of guesses strung together," is how Bryan characterized evolutionary theory, adding that the
theory made man "indistinguishable among the mammals." Darrow, in his attacks, tried to poke holes
in the Genesis story according to modern thinking, calling them "fool ideas that no intelligent Christian
on earth believes."
The jury found Scopes guilty of violating the law and fined him $100. Bryan and the anti-evolutionists
claimed victory, and the Tennessee law would stand for another 42 years. But Clarence Darrow and
the ACLU had succeeded in publicizing scientific evidence for evolution, and the press reported that
though Bryan had won the case, he had lost the argument. The verdict did have a chilling effect on
teaching evolution in the classroom, however, and not until the 1960s did it reappear in schoolbooks.
We hear a lot today, about how divided we are in America
today….To what degree are we divided similarly today,
compared/contrasted to the 1920’s???????????
1/10/17 and 1/11/17…..PARTS YOU ARE SUPPOSED TO “DO” ARE
DUE/CHECKABLE ON 1/12/17..
Summary of Calvin Coolidge’s philosophy as President..
Coolidge’s statement of values and principles has often been
oversimplified as “the business of America is business.” However, in his
approach to the economy, Coolidge continued to follow the goals of
Secretary of the Treasury Mellon by reducing the national debt,
trimming the federal budget, and lowering taxes to give incentives for
businesses. Collectively referred to as the “Mellon Income Tax Cuts,”
the Revenue Acts of 1921, 1924, and 1926 successively lowered
marginal tax rates on individuals and corporations. Although tax rates
on high-income earners were significantly reduced, the total amount
paid by those earners increased as incomes rose. In response to the
Revenue Acts as well as other factors, the unemployment rate fell from
over 6 percent to approximately 3 percent between 1922 and 1929,
benefiting workers in all income brackets.
Coolidge thus oversaw increasing tax revenues and a spectacular boom
in the national economy. For almost six years, the economy soared,
generating industrial profits, spectacular growth in the stock market, and
general prosperity, especially for urban Americans.
Some Problems Remain Yet, there were grave problems breeding in
the nation. Farmers struggled to keep their land as the prices of their
goods fell.
Labor unions demanded higher wages and better working conditions.
African Americans faced severe discrimination, especially in the South,
where Jim Crow laws made enforced segregation a way of life. African
American leaders urged Congress to pass an anti-lynching law. In the
Southwest, Mexican Americans confronted shamefully low wages and
efforts to force them to return to Mexico.
To all of these concerns, Silent Cal remained silent. Like Harding, he
mistrusted the use of legislation to achieve social change. Unlike
Progressive Presidents, he believed that it was beyond the federal
government's role to help create an ideal nation.
Lesson 6 An Unsettled Society
Key Terms
modernism
fundamentalism
Scopes Trial
Clarence Darrow
William Jennings Bryan
Red Scare
Palmer Raids
Nicola Sacco
Bartolomeo Vanzetti
eugenics
quota system
Ku Klux Klan
Prohibition
Eighteenth Amendment
Volstead Act
bootleggers
Academic Vocabulary
anarchist: a person who believes the government and laws are unnecessary
deteriorate: to make worse as time passes
emergence: rise or development
imperial: relating to an empire or emperor; having supreme authority
profound: strongly felt
prolong: to lengthen or draw out in time
racketeer: a person who makes money through illegal activities
subsequent: happening after something else
Lesson Objectives
1.
2.
Compare economic and cultural life in rural America to that in urban America.
Analyze how foreign events after World War I and nativism contributed to the
first Red Scare.
3.
Analyze the causes and effects of changes in U.S. immigration policy in the
1920s.
Describe the goals and motives of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s.
Analyze the intended and unintended effects of Prohibition.
4.
5.
Americans Debate New Ideas and Values: Text
1.
Compare and Contrast Explain how the values in urban and rural areas
changed during the 1920s.
2.
Analyze Interactions Among People and Events What made the Scopes
Trial a public spectacle? Analyze information from the text in your answer.
The Red Scare: Text
3.
Analyze Sequence How did communism in the Soviet Union contribute to
the rise and ebbing of the Red Scare in the United States?
Immigration in the 1920s: Text
4.
Identify Cause and Effect What sentiments in the United States led to the
rigid immigrant quotas in the 1920s?
5.
Summarize What was the intent of the National Origins Act? Was the law
fair? Use evidence from the text in your explanation.
The Ku Klux Klan in the Early 1900s: Text
6.
Draw Conclusions Why was the revived Ku Klux Klan able to spread beyond the
South and into some urban areas?
7.
Cite Evidence Explain how members of the NAACP and Jewish AntiDefamation League defended American values when faced with the hatred
of the Ku Klux Klan. Cite evidence from the text in your answer.
Prohibition Divides Americans: Text
8.
Analyze Style and Rhetoric Read Al Capone’s quote in “Prohibition
Divides America.” What point does he make? What words or phrases help
him make his point effectively?
9.
Analyze Interactions Among People and Events Explain how Prohibition
was related to the rise in organized crime of the 1920s.
10. Cite Evidence Was Prohibition good for families and society, as its
advocates claimed? Why or why not?
1/12 and 1/13…………..A little mo about the 20’s re Pop Culture’s explosion, society
during the time, and the Harlem Renaissance..(power points, reviewed and available
online....plus the 20’s slang lesson)
That’s it for the unit…………….
Quiz on the 1920’on Wednesday 1/18!