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WHI.12 – Pretest Late Middle Ages
NAME ___________________________ DATE ______________________________ PERIOD ____
1. Which of the following was NOT a result of
7. Who was the French duke who
the Black Death in Europe?
invaded England in 1066, won the
a. Decrease in trade
Battle of Hastings and then became
b. Decrease in number of laborers
King of England?
c. The Crusades
a. Phillip II
d. Increase in the value of peasants
b. William
c. Harold Goodwinson
2. Which of the following was NOT an impact of
d. Hugh Capet
the Crusades?
a. Introduction of new goods from
8. Which of the following groups finally
Southwest and East Asia into Europe
conquered the Byzantine Empire in
b. Increased religious hatred between
1453?
Christians, Jews, and Muslims
a. Ottoman Turks
c. Weakening of feudalism and
b. Seljuk Turks
strengthening of royal power
c. Arabs
d. Strengthening of the Byzantine control of
d. Latin Christians
Constantinople
3.
4.
5.
6.
What was the main goal of the Crusades?
a. To liberate Spain
b. To conquer England
c. To free the Holy Land
d. To drive the French out of Gaul
Why was the Magna Carta important?
a. It approved money for the war against
France.
b. It placed the monarch under the law
c. It allowed the monarch to cancel debts
d. It limited the power of the pope.
This Russian prince managed to end the
Mongol rule. He then established Moscow as
the center of power. What is his name?
a. Ivan the Terrible
b. Peter the Great
c. Yaraslov the Wise
d. Ivan the Great
Which of the following areas did the Mongols
NOT conquer?
a. Russia
b. Italy
c. China
d. Fertile Crescent
9.
According to the above map, we can
infer that the Black Death was primarily
spreada. Near major bodies of water
b. Along trade routes
c. By wind currents
d. Along rivers
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WHI.12 – Pretest Late Middle Ages
10. What effect did Joan of Arc have on France?
a. She led a peasant uprising that ended
feudalism
b. She led the French against the English in
the Hundred Years’ War.
c. She led English troops in the Hundred
Years’ War.
d. She married the French king.
15. This individual established the French
throne and founded a dynasty that
expanded their control over most of
France.
a. Phillip II
b. Louis IX
c. Hugh Capet
d. Joan
11. The Reconquista refers to
a. The war between France and England
over French lands.
b. Ferdinand’s battle to drive the Moors from
Spain
c. Wars to free the Holy Land
d. William of Normandy’s invasion of
England
16. Phillip II of Spain expanded the
Spanish Empire into what area?
a. South and Central America
b. Northern Africa
c. Eastern Asia
d. Sub-Sahara Africa
12. Between the years 1096 – 1291, thousands
of European crusaders traveled through the
Holy Land. Which was NOT one of the
results of this contact?
a. New trade routes bypassed the major
Italian trading cities, which soon became
poor.
b. Crusaders from all over Europe
exchanged ideas with each other.
c. Some European customs and institutions
were established in Asia and the Holy
Land.
d. Trade between Europe and the Holy Land
developed and grew.
13. Parliament is to England as the EstatesGeneral is to –
a. Spain
b. France
c. Russia
d. Italy
14. The principle of Common Law in England was
established under which king’s rule?
a. William
b. John
c. Richard
d. Henry II
17. During the Middle Ages, the church
scholars were responsible for all of the
following EXCEPT:
a. Choosing the successor to thrones
in Russia and France.
b. Translating Greek and Arabic
works into Latin
c. Bringing new knowledge of
philosophy, medicine, and science
to Europe.
d. Laying the foundation for
establishment of universities.
18. The Hundred Years’ War was between
which countries?
a. France and Spain
b. Russia and France
c. England and Russia
d. England and France
19. Of the following, which was NOT a
cause of the call for the First Crusade?
a. Muslims control Palestine and
Jerusalem
b. Byzantine Emperor calls for
assistance to fight off attack by
Muslims
c. Knights feel religious zeal and
want land, riches, and adventure
d. The pope wants to expand his
authority over Africa.
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WHI.12 – Pretest Late Middle Ages
24. England limited the powers of kings
and increased the power of the nobility
with
a. Justinian’s Code
b. The Magna Carta
c. The English Constitution
d. The Civil Constitution
20. The above artifact, the Bayeux Tapestry,
records the Norman invasion led by William
Duke of Normandy. What country did William
invade?
a. France
b. Italy
c. Germany
d. England
No scutage [tax] or aid shall be imposed in our
kingdom, unless by the general council of our
kingdom; except for ransoming our person,
making our eldest son a knight and once for
marrying our eldest daughter; and for these there
shall be paid no more than a reasonable aid.
21. In the above quotation from the Magna Carta,
approval by the general council was not
required for any tax that would
a. Fund the building of roadways
b. Ransom the king
c. Pay for schools
d. Support the general council
22. The Black Death first came to Europe through
a. Trade
b. Exploration
c. The Church
d. The New World
23. With the help of Ivan the Great, Russia was
freed from the
a. Indians
b. French
c. Turks
d. Mongols
25. On the above map, the area shown in
white is which of the following
empires?
a. Romans
b. Huns
c. Muslims
d. Mongols
26. In 1453, Constantinople fell to which of
the following invaders?
a. European Crusaders
b. Mongols
c. Ottoman Turks
d. Romans
 When a baron inherits land he
should pay the king no more
than €100
 The king cannot collect new
taxes unless the barons agree.
 No freeman can be put in prison
without a proper trial with a jury.
27. The above laws from the Magna Carta
benefited which of the following?
a. Priests
b. Nobles
c. Clergy
d. King
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WHI.12 – Pretest Late Middle Ages
28. All of the following are effects of the Crusades
EXCEPT:
a. Increased trade between Asia and
Europe
b. Decreased power of the nobility in many
countries
c. Increased tolerance and respect among
religions
d. Increased demand for Asian goods.
100
80
60
40
20
0
80
0
90
0
10
00
11
00
12
00
13
00
14
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15
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Millions of People
Population of Europe 800 - 1500
Year
29. Which of the following is the most likely cause
for the decline in population between 1300
and 1400?
a. The Crusades
b. Mongol invasion
c. Viking invasion
d. Bubonic plague
30. According to the above chart, approximately
when did changes to farming methods begin
an agricultural revolution in Europe?
a. 900
b. 1050
c. 1150
d. 1300
31. Which of the following would NOT be a result
of the bubonic plague in Europe?
a. Scarcity of labor
b. Decline of church influence
c. Increase in population
d. Disruption of trade
32. The above style of architecture
developed during the late Middle Ages.
What is this style called?
a. Gothic
b. Baroque
c. Grecian
d. Romanesque
33. Which of the following was NOT a
feature of Ferdinand and Isabella’s
unification of Spain?
a. Roman Catholicism as the state
religion
b. Expulsion of Jews and Moors from
Spain
c. Territorial expansion into the New
World
d. Tolerance for other religions
34. Chronologically, which event came
last?
a. William of Normandy conquered
England in the Battle of Hastings
b. The Black Plague struck for the
first time
c. The fall of Constantinople to the
Ottoman Turks
d. The First Crusade
35. How did the Battle of Hastings change
the course of English history?
a. The Anglo-Saxons took control of
England
b. The Normans took control of
England
c. English became the dominant
language
d. The Danes were driven out of
England
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WHI.12 – Pretest Late Middle Ages
36. What did the decisions of the English royal
courts of justice create?
a. Code of chivalry
b. Estates General
c. Model Parliament
d. English common law
41. Which of the following correctly
matches a ruler with his nation?
a. William the Conqueror – France
b. Philip II – England
c. Ferdinand – Spain
d. Ivan – Italy
37. What was one negative effect of the
Crusades that has continued to the present?
a. Weakening of the feudal nobility
b. Trade between Europe and Asia
c. Muslim hostility toward Christians
d. Strengthening of papal authority
38. What was the most important effect of the
Hundred Years’ War?
a. It caused the development of national
identities in England and France
b. It led to Joan of Arc becoming France’s
patron saint
c. It destroyed formerly prosperous English
towns and villages
d. It put an end to the three-field system of
farming
42. Which of the following did NOT
influence the development of Russia?
a. Mongols
b. Orthodox Church
c. Crusades
d. Centralized power of the tsar
39. Why were Europeans able to begin studying
ancient Greek works?
a. Greek scholars translated the works into
English
b. Greek scrolls containing the writings of
philosophers were discovered in caves.
c. Merchants traded gold to obtain ancient
Greek writings from Assyrians
d. Muslim and Byzantine libraries contained
the writings of Greek philosophers.
43. In what year did the plague spread to
England?
a. 1347
b. 1348
c. 1350
d. After 1350
40. Which of the following correctly matches a
Capetian king with one of his
accomplishments?
a. Philip II – founded Capetian dynasty
b. Philip IV – included commoners in the
Estates General
c. Hugh Capet – was made a saint by the
Roman Catholic Church
d. Louis IX – earned the title Augustus by
greatly increasing French territory.
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WHI.12 – Pretest Late Middle Ages
47. Which of the following terms describes the
wars fought by Christian Europeans to gain
control of the Holy Land?
a. The Inquisition
b. The Hundred Years’ War
c. The Thirty Years’ War
d. The Crusades
44. The Magna Carta (pictured above) was written in
1215 during a struggle between
a. King John and his barons
b. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella and the
Muslims in Spain
c. The patriarch in Constantinople and the pope in
Rome
d. The German princes and the Holy Roman
Emperor
45. Signed in 1215 A.D., the Magna Carta was –
a. the law code of the early Roman Republic
b. a more complete and accurate map of the world
c. a document limiting royal authority in England
d. a document granting absolute power to King
John
46. The Bayeux Tapestry (pictured above) depicts the
Normans successfully invading and conquering
what country in the Battle of Hastings in 1066?
a. France
b. Italy
c. England
d. Spain
48.
Two monarchs of Spain who combined to
unify Spain and expel the Muslims were –
a. Justinian and Theodora
b. Ivan III and Ivan IV
c. Phillip II and Elizabeth I
d. Ferdinand and Isabella
49. Pope Urban’s speech in 1095 inspired
Europeans to –
a. push the Muslim Moors out of Spain
b. explore America
c. go to Jerusalem and fight the Muslims
for the Holy Land
d. fight the barbarian tribes that had settled
in Europe
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WHI.12 – Pretest Late Middle Ages
50. Where did most of the fighting take place during
The Crusades?
a. Central Europe
b. Russia and The Byzantine Empire
c. Spain and North Africa
d. Jerusalem and The Holy Land
51. Based on the map above, the Mongols were able
to take over which of the following areas?
a. North and South America
b. West Africa
c. China, France and Germany
d. China, parts of south Asia, Russia
52. Who took over Constantinople, made it their
capital, and renamed it Istanbul?
a. Seljuk Turks
b. Ottoman Turks
c. Mongols
d. Franks
54. The map above depicts the spread of the
epidemic disease now known as the
bubonic plague. This disease cut the
population of Europe by 1/3. What was
this disease known as in the Middle Ages?
a. Small pox
b. Influenza
c. Black Death
d. Yellow Fever
55. Which of the following institutions helped
to preserve literature of the Greeks and
Romans?
a. Military
b. Craft Guilds
c. Monasteries
d. Knights
53. The plague known as the Black Death is believed
to have spread quickly through Europe between
1347 and 1350 A.D. due to the –
a. high amount of trade and travel between
European cities
b. decline of serfdom in western Europe
c. Crusades
d. Invading Barbarians
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