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MESOPOTAMIA
MESOPOTAMIA
Greek meaning “Land between the rivers”
The Tigris River and the Euphrates River.
Fertile Crescent or quarter shaped moon.
To the south east is the Mediterranean Sea or.
Great Upper Sea.
To the North East is the Persian Gulf or the
Lower Sea.
Present day Iraq capital Baghdad.
Countries surrounding Iraq are Saudi Arabia,
Jordan, Syria, Iran, Kuwait, Israel, and
Lebanon
CITY STATES
Babylon
Kish
Nineveh
Ur
Large mud-brick walls
Building made out of mud-brick.
Moats surrounding city.
Population lived within the city walls
Better protection against attack
Farms outside the city walls
Farmers go to their farms during the day
FARMING:
Controlling the Tigris and Euphrates annual flooding
through irrigation.
Canal
Ditches
Dams
Harvesting
Storing of annual crop
Growing fruits and vegetables
Growing wheat and Barley
Domesticated animals used for
plowing and sowing
GREAT MESOPOTAMIAN CIVILIZATIONS
Sumer
Sargon of Akkad King
of Akkad, Kish and Sumer
City-State of Kish, Uruk and Ur.
First civilization 4000 to 5000 B.C
Responsible for the creation of
farming
Greatest inventions the wheel and
writing.
Writing called Cuneiform-wedge
shaped writing
Neolithic people
Mastered the process of irrigation
Farming community
Created the process of Government
Creation of Laws
Creation of Taxation
Higharchy of classes
Assyria
Warring civilization
Capital City-State of Nineveh.
Rule of Mesopotamia was fear.
Babylon
Last of the great Mesopotamian
civilizations
Capital City-state of Babylon
Had the largest building in the
ancient world
Two great rulers Hammurabi and
Nebuchadnezzar
Hammurabi Code –Laws
282 Laws
An eye for an eye.
Nebuchadnezzar enslave the
Israelites.
Walked 500 miles from
Jerusalem to Babylon
Enslaved 60 years
Babylon where the Bible became a
book. Babylon a melting pot of
different races and beliefs.