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Major Organic Compounds- see pages 44-48 in textbook
Elements
GROUP
C, H,O
Carbohydrates 1:2:1
ratio
General
Function
Readily
available energy
A few are
structural
Ex.C6H12 O6
Monomer
Polymers
Monosacchides- Disaccharidesex: glucose,
sucrose, lactose
galactose,
fructose
Polysaccharidesstarch, chitin,
cellulose
Which is
formula for
glucose
C, H,O
Lipids
Not a
1:2:1
ratio
C, H, O,
N
Proteins
Stored energy
Insulation
Usually- Fatty
Saturated fats- no
acids & glycerol double bonds!, the
max. number of H
atoms
Padding
Prevent H20
Loss
Structural
Enzymes
Hormones
Transporters….
Nucleic Acids
DNA- genetic
material
(instructions)
RNA- helps
carry out
instructions
Cellulose-structure of plant & algae cell
walls
Glucose-needed by cell to make (energy)
ATP
Starch- temporary storage of energy in
plants
Glycogen- temporary storage of energy for
animals
Phospholipids- forms plasma membranes
Steroids- chemical messengers
Amino acids
(20 different types)
Polyunsaturated
fats- has some
double bonds
Thousands of
different types each
with a different
shape and different
function
(made up of one or
more amino acids
chains)
C, H, O,
N, P
Specific functions of each named
compound
Chitin- structure of fungal cell walls
Nucleotides
DNA
RNA
Hemoglobin- transports O2
Insulin- regulated the uptake of glucose by
cells
Collagen- tough tissue/structural
DNA- genetic codes,” instructions for life”
RNA- helps carry out DNA instructions
Major Organic Compounds- see pages 44-48 in textbook