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Partnership for Academic
Competition Excellence
National
Scholastics
Championship
2004
TIE-BREAKER
5
University of Maryland
College Park, MD
2004 PACE National Scholastic Championship—Tie-Breaker Set 5
1. TOSSUP. William Whewell first introduced this term in an 1837 article. Originating
from work in James Hutton’s Theory of the Earth, it also resulted from its formulator’s
studies of the Auvergne district of France. Opposed by Lord Kelvin and Georges Cuvier,
it runs directly counter to the idea of catastrophism. For 10 points, name this brainchild of
Charles Lyell, a theory essentially stating that the “natural order” of the past remains the
same with that of the present, in terms of all physical properties.
ANSWER: uniformitarianism
<Potru>
BONUS: Name some Henry James novels, for 10 points each:
[10] James considered this novel his “best all ‘round” work. It concerns Lemuel Strether,
who, in an attempt to bring Chad Newsome back to Woolcott, Massachusetts, resists
Paris’s charms.
ANSWER: The Ambassadors
[10] The title character dies of a fever after visiting Rome’s Coliseum with the gigolo
Giovanelli, despite the warnings of Alex Winterbourne and Mrs. Costello.
ANSWER: Daisy Miller
[10] Dr. Sloper sees that Morris Townsend is only after his daughter Catherine’s
inheritance. Thus, he gives it to charity, and when Morris comes back to meet Catherine
in the titular New York locale, she ignores him.
ANSWER: Washington Square
<Wolpert>
2. TOSSUP. He became a Communist while covering the Mexican Revolution and
summarized his subsequent visit to the USSR by stating “I have seen the future and it
works.” With Ray Baker and Ida Tarbell, he founded American Magazine as a platform
for his trademark style of journalism, and his investigations into municipal corruption
were collected as The Struggle for Self-Government and The Shame of the Cities.. For 10
points, name this author whose scathing article “Tweed Days in St. Louis” began the
muckraking movement.
ANSWER: Lincoln Steffens
<Weiner>
BONUS: Identify each of the following models of acidity for the stated number of points.
[10] The theory that an acid is a substance containing oxygen is named for this father of
chemistry and debunker of the phlogistic theory.
ANSWER: Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier
[10] This theory of acidity was introduced by two men independently in 1923 and
subsumed the earlier Arrhenius model. According to this, an acid is a proton donor.
ANSWER: Brønstead-Lowry theory of acids and bases [prompt on proton theory of
acids and bases]
[10] This very general theory was introduced in the same year as the Brønstead-Lowry
theory and subsumes it. According to this, an acid is an electron pair acceptor.
ANSWER: Lewis theory of acids and bases
<Sorice>
2004 PACE National Scholastic Championship—Tie-Breaker Set 5
3. TOSSUP. It included economist Gerald Shove, sculptor Stephen Tomlin, critic
Raymond Mortimer, art critic Roger Fry, Aldous Huxley, Alfred North Whitehead,
Bertrand Russell, T,S, Eliot, Lytton Strachey, and G.E. Moore. For 10 points, name this
intellectual group that met near the University of London and also included E.M. Forster,
John Maynard Keynes, and Virginia Woolf.
ANSWER: Bloomsbury Group
<Potru>
BONUS: Identify these items in Australian history for 10 points each.
[10] In 1997, Ted Matthews died, leaving no survivors of this April 1915 World War I
battle on a Turkish beach involving Australian and New Zealand troops.
ANSWER: Gallipoli
[10] In 1913, the Foundation Stone for the construction of this capital city was laid.
ANSWER: Canberra
[10] In 1969, the radio telescope in Parkes, New South Wales, relayed to the world the
first images of the landing of this vessel.
ANSWER: the Eagle [prompt on Apollo 11]
<Chuck>
SD1. TOSSUP. One is produced from the enzyme phospholipase C. That molecule is
inositol triphosphate, or IP3, which binds to receptors on the endoplasmic reticulum.
Calmodulin is an example of a molecule that is acted upon by calcium, although the
binding of epinephrine to various adrengenic receptors utilizes the most common one,
cyclic AMP. For 10 points, name this type of small molecule also called an intracellular
mediator, which helps receptors by altering target proteins and performs later than
primary messengers do.
ANSWER: secondary messengers [accept intracellular mediator before it is read]
<Potru>
SD2. TOSSUP. It was his good fortune to be rescued by a Portuguese merchant from a
fate of slavery to a Moroccan pirate and established by the merchant as a prosperous
Brazilian plantation owner. But his courageous action in the face of one hundred
ravenous advancing wolves could more nearly be attributed to his many preceding years
of self-reliance. For 10 points, name this man who lived 28 years on a small island in the
Caribbean, only a small portion of which was spent with his man Friday.
ANSWER: Robinson Crusoe
<Gilstrap>
SD3. TOSSUP. He began the dissolution of his empire by allowing Tunisia to buy
autonomy and lavishly spent money on his wife Zubaydah’s plans to irrigate Mecca. He
even laid the groundwork for civil war by dividing the succession between his sons alAmin and al-Ma’mun. His early rule was dominated by his mother al-Khayzuran and his
vizier, Yahya the Barmakid, while his reputation for frivolity was embodied in a
longstanding correspondence chess game with the Byzantine emperor Nicephorus. For 10
points, name this man who ruled Baghdad at the turn of the ninth century as the fifth
Abbasid caliph.
2004 PACE National Scholastic Championship—Tie-Breaker Set 5
ANSWER: Harun al-Rashid [or Harun ar-Rashid ibn Muhammad al-Mahdi ibn alMansur al-Abbasi]
<Weiner>
2004 PACE National Scholastic Championship—Tie-Breaker Set 5