Download Summer 2016 HW - Regular Calculus Summer Pkt_2016

Alliance Leichtman-Levine Family Foundation
Environmental Science High School
SUMMER REVIEW PACKET
Regular Calculus-2016-2017
Name: __________________________________________________________
Note:
1.
This packet is to be handed in to Mrs. Papneja on the first day of the
regular calculus class in 2016-2017 school year.
2.
All work must be shown in the packet OR on separate paper attached to
the packet in complete clear reasoning/solutions. ONLY final answers are NOT
acceptable.
1
Summer Review Packet for Students Entering Calculus (all levels)
Complex Fractions
When simplifying complex fractions, multiply by a fraction equal to 1 which has a numerator and
denominator composed of the common denominator of all the denominators in the complex fraction.
Example:
6
6
-7 x+1 =
x + 1 i x + 1 = -7x - 7 - 6 = -7x - 13
5
5
x+1
5
5
x+1
x+1
-7 -
-2
3x
+
x x- 4
1
5x- 4
=
-2
3x
+
2
x x - 4 i x(x - 4) = -2(x - 4) + 3x(x) = -2x + 8 + 3x =
1
x(x - 4)
5(x)(x - 4) - 1(x)
5x2 - 20x - x
5x- 4
Simplify each of the following.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2
3x2 - 2x + 8
5x2 - 21x
Functions
To evaluate a function for a given value, simply plug the value into the function for x.
(
)
Recall: f o g (x) = f (g(x)) OR f [g(x)] read “f of g of x” Means to plug the inside function (in this case
g(x) ) in for x in the outside function (in this case, f(x)).
Example: Given f (x) = 2x2 + 1 and g(x) = x - 4 find f(g(x)).
f (g(x)) = f (x - 4)
= 2(x - 4)2 + 1
= 2(x2 - 8x + 16) + 1
= 2x2 - 16x + 32 + 1
f (g(x)) = 2x2 - 16x + 33
Let f (x) = 2x + 1 and g(x) = 2x2 - 1. Find each.
6. f (2) = ____________
7. g(-3) = _____________
8. f (t + 1) = __________
9.
10.
11.
Let
__________
___________
______
f (x) = sin x Find each exactly.
æpö
12. f ç ÷ = ___________
è 2ø
æ 2p ö
13. f ç
= ______________
è 3 ÷ø
Let f (x) = x2 , g(x) = 2x + 5, and h(x) = x2 - 1. Find each.
14. h éë f (-2) ùû = _______
15. f éë g(x - 1) ùû = _______
3
16. g éë h(x3 ) ùû = _______
Find
for the given function f.
17.
18.
Intercepts and Points of Intersection
Find the x and y intercepts for each.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Use substitution or elimination method to solve the system of equations.
Example:
4
x2 + y - 16x + 39 = 0
x2 - y2 - 9 = 0
Elimination Method
Substitution Method
2x2 - 16x + 30 = 0
Solve one equation for one variable.
x2 - 8x + 15 = 0
(x - 3)(x - 5) = 0
x = 3 and x = 5
y2 = -x2 + 16x - 39
2
Plug x = 3 and x = 5 into one original
32 - y2 - 9 = 0
-y2 = 0
(1st equation solved for y)
x - (-x + 16x - 39) - 9 = 0 Plug what y 2 is equal
2
to into second equation.
5 2 - y2 - 9 = 0
16 = y2
y= 0
y = ±4
Points of Intersection (5, 4), (5, -4) and (3, 0)
2x2 - 16x + 30 = 0
(The rest is the same as
x2 - 8x + 15 = 0
previous example)
(x - 3)(x - 5) = 0
x = 3 or x - 5
Find the point(s) of intersection of the graphs for the given equations.
23.
x+ y= 8
4x - y = 7
24.
x2 + y = 6
25.
x+ y= 4
x2 - 4y2 - 20x - 64y - 172 = 0
16x2 + 4y2 - 320x + 64y + 1600 = 0
Interval Notation
26. Complete the table with the appropriate notation or graph.
Solution
Interval Notation
Graph
8
Solve each equation. State your answer in BOTH interval notation and graphically.
5
27.
28.
29.
Domain and Range
Find the domain and range of each function. Write your answer in INTERVAL notation.
30.
31.
32.
33.
Inverses
To find the inverse of a function, simply switch the x and the y and solve for the new “y” value.
Example:
f (x) = 3 x + 1
Rewrite f(x) as y
y = 3 x+1
Switch x and y
x = 3 y+1
Solve for your new y
( x) 3 = ( 3 y + 1 )
x3 = y + 1
Cube both sides
Simplify
y = x -1
3
-1
3
Solve for y
f (x) = x - 1
3
Rewrite in inverse notation
Find the inverse for each function.
35. f (x) =
34. f (x) = 2x + 1
x2
3
Also, recall that to PROVE one function is an inverse of another function, you need to show that:
6
f (g(x)) = g( f (x)) = x
Example:
If: f (x) =
x- 9
and g(x) = 4x + 9 show f(x) and g(x) are inverses of each other.
4
æ x - 9ö
f (g(x)) = 4 ç
+9
è 4 ÷ø
= x- 9+9
=x
g( f (x)) =
( 4x + 9 ) - 9
4
4x + 9 - 9
=
4
4x
=
4
=x
f (g(x)) = g( f (x)) = x therefore they are inverses
of each other.
Prove f and g are inverses of each other.
x3
36. f (x) =
2
g(x) = 3 2x
37. f (x) = 9 - x2 , x ³ 0
7
g(x) = 9 - x
Equation of a line (Do Any five)
Slope intercept form: y = mx + b
Vertical line: x = c (slope is undefined)
Point-slope form: y - y1 = m(x - x1 )
Horizontal line: y = c (slope is 0)
38. Use slope-intercept form to find the equation of the line having a slope of 3 and a y-intercept of 5.
39. Determine the equation of a line passing through the point (5, -3) with an undefined slope.
40. Determine the equation of a line passing through the point (-4, 2) with a slope of 0.
41. Use point-slope form to find the equation of the line passing through the point (0, 5) with a slope of 2/3.
42. Find the equation of a line passing through the point (2, 8) and normal to the line y =
5
x - 1.
6
43. Find the equation of a line perpendicular to the y- axis passing through the point (4, 7).
44. Find the equation of a line passing through the points (-3, 6) and (1, 2).
45. Find the equation of a line with an x-intercept (2, 0) and a y-intercept (0, 3).
8
Graphing Trig Functions
y = sin x and y = cos x have a period of 2 p and an amplitude of 1. Use the parent graphs above to help you
2p
sketch a graph of the functions below. For f (x) = Asin(Bx + C) + K , A = amplitude,
= period,
B
C
= phase shift (positive C/B shift left, negative C/B shift right) and K = vertical shift.
B
Graph two complete periods of the function.
46. f (x) = 5sin x
47. f (x) = sin 2x
pö
æ
48. f (x) = - cos ç x - ÷
è
4ø
49. f (x) = cos x - 3
Trigonometric Equations:
Solve each of the equations for 0 £ x < 2p . Isolate the variable, sketch a reference triangle, find all the
solutions within the given domain, 0 £ x < 2p . Remember to double the domain when solving for a double
angle. Use trig identities, if needed, to rewrite the trig functions. (See formula sheet at the end of the packet.)
50. sin x = -
1
2
51. 2cos x = 3
9
52.
54. sin 2x = -
53.
3
2
55. 2cos2 x - 1- cos x = 0
56. 4 cos2 x - 3 = 0
57. sin2 x + cos2x - cos x = 0
10
For each of the following, express the value for “y” in radians.
58. y = arcsin
- 3
2
( )
59. y = arccos -1
60. y = arctan(-1)
Example: Find the value without a calculator.
5ö
æ
cos ç arctan ÷
è
6ø
61
Draw the reference triangle in the correct quadrant first.
5

Find the missing side using Pythagorean Thm.
6
Find the ratio of the cosine of the reference triangle.
For each of the following give the value without a calculator.
æ
2ö
61. tan ç arccos ÷
3ø
è
æ
12 ö
62. sec ç sin -1 ÷
13 ø
è
æ
12 ö
63. sin ç arctan ÷
5ø
è
æ
7ö
64. sin ç sin -1 ÷
8ø
è
11
Vertical Asymptotes
Determine the vertical asymptotes for the function. Set the denominator equal to zero to find the x-value for
which the function is undefined. That will be the vertical asymptote.
70. f (x) =
1
x2
71. f (x) =
x2
x2 - 4
72. f (x) =
2+x
x (1 - x)
2
Horizontal Asymptotes
Determine the horizontal asymptotes using the three cases below.
Case I. Degree of the numerator is less than the degree of the denominator. The asymptote is y = 0.
Case II. Degree of the numerator is the same as the degree of the denominator. The asymptote is the ratio of
the lead coefficients.
Case III. Degree of the numerator is greater than the degree of the denominator. There is no horizontal
asymptote. The function increases without bound. (If the degree of the numerator is exactly 1 more than the
degree of the denominator, then there exists a slant asymptote, which is determined by long division.)
Determine all Horizontal Asymptotes.
x2 - 2x + 1
f
(x)
=
73.
x3 + x - 7
5x3 - 2x2 + 8
74. f (x) =
4x - 3x3 + 5
12
4x5
75. f (x) = 2
x -7
13