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Unit 1: Chemical Basis of Life Activity #2: Taxonomy Classification of Organisms Taxonomy- science of classification Involves grouping and naming organisms Binomial nomenclature- classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name. Genus: the first word Species: the second word often a descriptive word i.e.: color or physical patterning Species A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Common Name Scientific Name Daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus Human Homo sapiens Bullfrog Rana catesbiana Green frog Rana clamitans Leopard frog Rana pipiens When species have characteristics in common, grouped into a common larger group Genus Organisms are placed into larger more general groups based on characteristics Technique: start with the general and move to the more specific until “zero in” on a particular species Linnaean Taxonomic Categories 7 major categories in classifying organisms, from most general to least general (most specific) K P C O F G S Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Grizzly and Black Bear kingdom Human Animal Wolf Animal Turtle Animal Mosquito Animal phylum class order family genus species Chordata Mammalia Primates Hominidae Homo sapiens Chordata Mammalia Carnivora Canidae Canis lupus Chordata Reptilia Chelonia Emydidae Terrapene carolina Arthropoda Insecta Diptera Culicidae Theobaldia anulata 1. Of the following, the broadest (most general) classification category is A. class B. phylum C. genus D. order 2. Two organisms classified in the same class must be in the same A. phylum B. family C. order D. genus Human Wolf Turtle Mosquito kingdom phylum Animal Chordata Animal Chordata Animal Chordata Animal Arthropoda class Mammalia Mammalia Reptilia Insecta order Primates Carnivora Chelonia Diptera family Hominidae Canidae Emydidae Culicidae genus Homo Canis Terrapene Theobaldia species sapiens lupus carolina anulata 3.Two organisms classified in the same class could be in the same A. genus B. order C. family D. all of these 4.Of the following, Rana catesbiana is most closely related to A. Rana pipiens B.Homo sapiens C.Xenopus laevis D. Felis domesticus 5.Of the following, the correct order from largest, most general group, to smallest, most specific group, is A. species, genus, family, class, order C. class, order, family, genus, species B. species, family, genus, class, order D. class, genus, order, family, species 6 Kingdoms of Living Things Viruses: Alive or Not? Some debate over whether viruses are living or nonliving. Most agree that they are nonliving. Why? Unable to INDEPENDENTLY carry out all life processes Particles made of DNA & proteins that can replicate only by infecting living cells Do not belong to any kingdom and don't contain any cells Therefore, considered nonliving Influenza
