Download Respiratory Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards
What is the function of nose hairs?
What are the 5 functions of the nasal cavity
for the air you breathe?
Where do tears drain out of the eye?
To filter insects and large particles from the
inhaled air
1. Help warm the air (cold air can freeze
lungs); warmed by superficial veins
2. Enhance the sense of smell
3. Clean (dirty air can clog lungs); mucous is
sticky, and cilia will move that dirt down
the back of the throat, then it’s swallowed.
4. Moisten the air (dry lungs can crack). The
fluid secreted by glands makes the
moisture, even on windy days the air goes
to 100% humidity by the time it gets to the
lungs.
5. Increase the turbulence in the flow of air
through the nasal cavity. The increase in
turbulence allows more time for the air to
be warmed and moistened.
LACRIMAL DUCT.
From the middle ear, where does the
Eustachian tube open into?
What are the three parts of the Pharynx?
NASOPHARYNX:
Which part is at the back of the mouth and is
visible when you open your mouth and look
all the way in the back?
OROPHARYNX is the back of the mouth;
visible when you open your mouth and look
all the way back.
Which two structures separate the
oropharanyx and the nasopharynx?
Separates the oropharanyx and the
nasopharynx:
SOFT PALATE
UVULA
To move upward when swallowing, to prevent
food from going into nasal cavities
What is the function of the uvula?
Nasopharynx
Orophayynx
Laryngopharynx
Respiratory Flashcards
What are the two functions of the larynx?
What is the name of the opening of the
larynx?
What is the name of the flap that covers the
opening?
FUNCTIONS
1. Produce sounds (vocal cords)
2. Prevent food from entering lungs
GLOTTIS is the opening.
EPIGLOTTIS flaps over the glottis when
you swallow so nothing will go into the
trachea.
The ability to vary the pitch of the voice
results from what?
From varying the tension in the vocal folds
Tracheotomy, above the jugular notch
What is procedure is done in a choking
emergency?
In a runner who is breathing heavily during a
race, the glottis is open or closed?
Open as far as possible
What are inflamed vocal cords (↓ sound
production)?
Laryngitis
Name the layers of the trachea, from
superficial to deepest.
MUCOSA: consists of two parts:
EPITHELIUM (most superficial layer,
closest to the lumen)
LAMINA PROPRIA (2nd most
superficial layer)
SUBMUCOSA (3rd most superficial layer)
ADVENTITIA (Deepest layer, farthest from
the lumen)
Right lung.
If you inadvertently inhale something, which
lung does it tend to go into?
Where does lung cancer occur slightly more
frequently in?
Lung cancer - in the right lung than in the left
lung
Respiratory Flashcards
Most foreign substances in inspired air fail to
reach the lungs because of what structures?
Ciliated epithelium and mucus that line the
respiratory passages
What does the left lung have that the right
lung does not have?
Do lungs receive oxygenated blood or
deoxygenated?
What types of bronchi supply the lungs?
How many lobes does the left lung have? How
many does the right one have?
What three changes occur as the conducting
tubes of the respiratory tree
become smaller, and what thing does not
change?
Only the left lung has a cardiac notch
Lungs receive deoxygenated blood.
The lungs are supplied by primary, secondary,
and tertiary bronchi
The left lung has TWO lobes, but the right
lung has THREE lobes.
What happens when the diaphragm muscles
contract?
The size of the thoracic cavity INCREASES
and air rushes into the lungs.
What is an allergic condition where
bronchioles will constrict, blocking air flow to
the lungs?
ASTHMA.
Cartilage rings are replaced by irregular plates
of cartilage.
Cartilage disappears in the bronchioles.
The lining epithelium thins.
Elastin stays in the walls
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE CHRONIC BRONCHITIS:
EMPHYSEMA:
(COPD) is a combination of what two
conditions?
What is the name of a chronic respiratory
Emphysema
disease that leads to an expanded “barrel
chest’?
What is the “flu” caused by a virus that you
are vaccinated against when you get the flu
vaccine?
Influenza
Respiratory Flashcards
What is a detergent produced within the
alveoli, which coats it?
surfactant
What is its function?
Functions to help with lung inflation by
keeping the walls of the alveoli from sticking
together when they collapse during
exhalation
What syndrome is where this substance is not
produced in a premature baby, and is the
number one cause of death in premature
babies?
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME
What is the lining of the thoracic cavity?
Pleura
The rubbing together of inflamed pleural
membranes that produces a stabbing pain in
the chest is called what?
What three things happen when the
diaphragm contracts?
Pleurisy
An infectious illness that results in the
accumulation of fluid in the alveoli is called
what?
Pneumonia
The size of the thoracic cavity increases
The pressure inside the thoracic cavity drops
Air flows into the lungs
What is the name of the condition when there PNEUMOTHORAX (COLLAPSED
is a hole in the pleura (injury from broken rib, LUNG).
knife)?
What is an infection of a really bad bacteria
Tuberculosis
that get in the lungs and make themselves a
capsule to hide in, where antibiotics can’t
reach?