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Unit 2 Optics
Study Guide
Part 1 – Vocabulary 20 Vocab (matching)
amplitude - indicates the amount of energy transferred by a wave; on a graph it refers to
the maximum distance above or below the x-axis
bioluminescence – living things which can make themselves luminous using a chemical
reaction.
Chemiluminescence – the process of changing chemical energy into light energy with
little or no change in temperature
crest - the highest point on a wave; on a graph it is the farthest point above the x-axis
electromagnetic spectrum – the entire range of radiant energy, from radio waves through
visible light to gamma rays
incandescence – the process of emitting light because of high temperatures
opaque - describes a material that does not allow any light to be transmitted; all of the
light energy is either absorbed or reflected
penumbra – a shadow where some of the light reached there
phosphorescence – the process of emitting light for a short time after receiving energy
from another source.
angle of incidence - the angle between the incident ray and the normal; equal to the angle
of reflection
angle of reflection - the angle between the reflected ray and the normal; equal to the angle
of incidence
angle of refraction - the angle between the refracted ray and the normal
blind spot - the area of the retina where the optic nerve and blood vessels connect;
contains no cones or rods
concave - a curved mirror that has its reflecting surface on the inside curve
converging – The coming together of rays.
convex - a curved mirror that has its reflecting surface on the outside curve
cornea - the front part of the sclera of the eye; colourless and transparent to allow light to
enter the eye.
frequency - the number of occurrences in a period of time; in waves, the frequency is the
number of wavelengths in a period of time
infrared - electromagnetic wave frequencies below the visible range just below the colour
red.
iris - a ring of muscles that contracts and relaxes automatically to regulate the amount of
light entering the eye; controls the size of the pupil
lens – a curved, transparent device that causes light to refract as it passes through; gathers
light from an object and produces an image of the object
normal - the line drawn from the point of incidence perpendicular (at 90°) to an optical
device such as a mirror or lens
opaque - describes a material that does not allow any light to be transmitted; all of the
light energy is either absorbed or reflected
optic nerve - the nerve that transmits signals from the retina of the eye to the brain for
interpretation
pupil - the “window” through which light enters the lens of the eye
radio waves - electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic
spectrum longer than infrared light.
refraction - the bending of light as it travels from one material into another
retina - a light-sensitive layer on the inside of the eye, where the image is produced; has
two types of light-sensitive cells—rods and cones
sclera - a tough, white outer layer surrounding the eyeball; has six muscles attached to it,
which allow the eye to look around
spectrum – The whole range of light from radio to gamma rays including visible light.
translucent - describes a material that transmits light, but also reflects some, so that a
clear image cannot be seen through the material
transparent - describes a material that transmits light easily; a clear image can be seen
through the material
visible light - the part of the electromagnetic spectrum representing visible light; the band
of colours visible in the rainbow
ultraviolet - wavelengths shorter than light but longer than X rays
wavelength - the distance between two adjacent crests or two adjacent troughs of a wave.
X-rays – electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 0.01
nanometres.
Part 2 – Multiple Choice 20-30 questions
 Types of lights (incandescence, Phosphorescence, etc)
 Measure of transparency
 Absorption and reflection of light
 Visible spectrum
 Electromagnetic spectrum
 Waves
 Specular Reflection
 Laws of reflection
 Diffuse reflection
 Virtual vs real images
 Chart on pg 328
 Refraction of light why it happens
 What happens to light when it goes through a convex lenses
 Parts of eyes
 Vision problems
 How we see colour (not why) section 12.4
 Telescopes
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Part 3 – Diagram
Label the lenses pg 326
Label the image with proper names Pg 313
Part 4 – Short Answer Questions
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Discuss/compare different types of light
Discuss how an interior designer might use light
Why we see colour
Refraction
Real image vs virtual image
Discuss the process of us seeing ie light comes into the eye, then what happens