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Chapter 14
1. Specialization of regions of the body for specific functions, as seen in arthropods, is
called
A) tagmatization.
B) metamerism.
C) truncation.
D) differentiation.
E) cephalization.
2. Members of class __________ are among the most numerous crustaceans, and are both
marine and freshwater in distribution.
A) Cirripedia
B) Copepoda
C) Branchiopoda
D) Malacostraca
E) Isopoda
3. The __________ is the outer layer of the arthropod exoskeleton, and it is composed of a
waterproofing waxy lipoprotein.
A) lipocuticle
B) mesocuticle
C) epicuticle
D) endocuticle
E) sclerocuticle
4.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The tough, leathery polysaccharide in the arthropod procuticle is
lipoprotein.
calcium carbonate.
scleroprotein.
chitin.
glycogen.
5. The arthropod skeleton hardens by __________, which is a formation of chemical bonds
between protein chains.
A) carbonization
B) tagmatization
C) calcification
D) chitinization
E) sclerotization
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6. Sensory receptors called __________ occur in the arthropod exoskeleton in the form of
pegs, bristles, and lenses.
A) sensilla
B) tactiles
C) olfactors
D) cirri
E) palps
7. The arthropod exoskeleton must be shed to allow growth. The shedding process is
called
A) sclerotization.
B) ecdysis.
C) calcification.
D) articulation.
E) metamorphosis.
8. __________ between larval and adult stages of arthropods reduces competition for
resources.
A) Asexual reproduction
B) Regeneration
C) Metamorphosis
D) Ecdysis
E) Parthenogenesis
9.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The extinct arthropod subphylum Trilobitomorpha was named for
the three known stages of the life cycle.
the three known larval forms.
the three geologic ages which were dominated by trilobites.
the three longitudinal body divisions.
the three species which have been identified.
10.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Appendages of trilobites were divided into two lobes, hence they are called
biped.
uniramous.
quadruped.
aramous.
biramous.
11.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Horseshoe crabs belong to the arthropod subphylum
Chelicerata.
Arachnida.
Uniramia.
Crustacea.
Mandibulata.
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12. Chelicerates have a cephalothorax, also known as the __________, which functions in
sensation, feeding, and locomotion.
A) chelicera
B) prosoma
C) abdomen
D) opisthosoma
E) carapace
13.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The chelicerate opisthosoma
bears the pedipalps.
is the sensory tagma.
contains digestive organs.
bears chelicerae.
bears walking legs.
14.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Gas exchange between the blood of horseshoe crabs and seawater occurs through
filamentous gills.
book lungs.
alveolar lungs.
book gills.
dermal branchiae.
15.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Spiders, ticks, and scorpions belong to the arthropod class
Chilopoda.
Pycnogonida.
Insecta.
Merostomata.
Arachnida.
16.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Most zoologists believe that the __________ were the first arthropods to invade land.
arachnids
insects
millipedes
crustaceans
centipedes
17. While aquatic arachnids utilize coxal glands for excretion, most terrestrial forms use
__________ which conserve water.
A) nephridia
B) malpighian tubules
C) diffusion glands
D) green glands
E) antennal glands
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18. Many arachnids utilize __________ for respiration, which are believed to be
modifications of book gills.
A) lamellae
B) alveolar lungs
C) book lungs
D) trachea
E) malpighian tubules
19.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
A genus of scorpions known to have caused human deaths is
Xiphosura.
Opiliones.
Loxosceles.
Centuroides.
Limulus.
20. Many spiders produce __________, that are used to trap small arthropods on which they
feed.
A) sticky oral secretions
B) sandy pitfall traps
C) oral venoms
D) leaf traps
E) webs
21.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
“Daddy longlegs” belong to the arachnid order
Opiliones.
Acarina.
Pseudoscorpionida.
Scorpionida.
Aranaea.
22.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The chigger or “red bug” is a member of the arachnid order
Scorpionida.
Acarina.
Opiliones.
Araneae.
Pseudoscorpionida.
23.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The bacteria that cause Lyme Disease are carried and transmitted by
black widow spiders.
tsetse flies.
ticks.
mosquitoes.
mange mites.
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24.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Sea spiders belong to the class
Merostomata.
Chelicerata.
Arachnida.
Pycnogonida.
Trilobita.
25.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Crustaceans are unique among living crustaceans as they possess
chitin in their exoskeleton.
one pair of antennae.
only two pairs of walking legs.
a carapace.
two pairs of antennae.
26.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The majority of crustaceans are
aquatic.
terrestrial.
very large.
found only in fresh water.
found only in salt water.
27.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The portion of the crustacean exoskeleton that covers the cephalothorax is the
locomotor tagma.
carapace.
telson.
opisthosoma.
uropod.
28.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The crustacean abdominal appendages that are used for swimming are called
scaphopods.
pereiopods.
pleopods.
maxillipeds.
chilipeds.
29. The biramous appendages of the crayfish are based on a similar ancestral pattern. This,
and the sequential development of the segments makes them
A) repetitively analogous.
B) heteronomous.
C) metachronous.
D) serially homologous.
E) homonomous.
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30. Crustaceans have __________, which are sensory structures to provide information
regarding gravitational orientation, movement and vibrations.
A) papillae
B) ommatidia
C) antennules
D) antennae
E) statocysts
31.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The crustacean compound eye is composed of individual units called
ommatidia.
ocelli.
eyespots.
statocysts.
photophores.
32.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The antennal or green glands of crayfish function in
producing digestive enzymes.
excretion.
producing molting enzymes.
sensing water quality.
sensing gravity.
33.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Brine shrimp and fairy shrimp are classified in the crustacean class
Decapoda.
Amphipoda.
Branchiopoda.
Anostraca.
Isopoda.
34.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The class of crustaceans with the largest number of species is
Maxillopoda.
Branchiopoda.
Cladocera.
Malacostraca.
Decapoda.
35.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Terrestrial crustaceans are quite rare, but terrestrial pill bugs belong to the order
Amphipoda.
Maxillopoda.
Cladocera.
Anostraca.
Isopoda.
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36.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Barnacles belong to the
Cirripedia.
Hexapoda.
Amphipoda.
Malacostraca.
Branchiopoda.
37.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Adult barnacles are unusual in lifestyle because they are
motile.
sessile.
predatory.
free-swimming.
dioecious.
38.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Crayfish, lobsters, and shrimps belong to the order
Maxillopoda.
Hexapoda.
Decapoda.
Amphipoda.
Branchiopoda.
39.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Many female crustaceans carry developing eggs protected by their
pauropods.
ogiverous legs.
pereiopods.
pleopods.
uropods.
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