Download Phil 170 Name______________________________ Answer "true

Phil 170
Name______________________________
Answer "true" or "false" to the following statements. (5pts)
1.) To test for validity using truth tables one looks to see if there is a row where all the premises are true and the
conclusion is false.
2.) Two statements are inconsistent if and only if they always have the opposite truth values.
3.) The judgment heuristics are learned inference rules.
4.) The Representativeness Heuristic relies upon one’s concept or schema accurately reflecting the nature of the
object, property, even or relation in the real world population.
5.) The mean is always lower than the median.
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For the following story, state (1) if the reasoner is plausibly employing a judgment heuristic (2) if a judgment heuristic is being used what
judgment heuristic the reasoner is likely using. (4pts)
6.) I can’t remember ever having heard of someone suffering from malnutrition in the USA. Therefore, I estimate the probability that anyone
suffers from malnutrition in the USA at .2.
Translate the Following Statements from English to Propositional Logic Using the First Letters of the Capitalized Words (6pts):
1.) Some liberal arts COLLEGES are going to stop participating in the U.S. News college rankings unless the magazine addresses their concerns that
the rankings DICTATE education policy.
2.) You’re going to have a U.S. Mexico border FENCE divide your campus only if you are the UNIVERSITY of Texas.
3.) Either “Sicko” is an AUTOBIOGRAPHY or Rush LIMBAUGH doesn’t want to see it.
4.) Microsoft has AGREED to alter Vista as a necessary and sufficient condition for Google to drop their Anti-Trust LAWSUIT.
5.) Either PAYING taxes can bring people a sense of satisfaction, or MAYR, HARBAUGH, and BURGHART are terrible researchers.
6.) This class has been the BEST class of your life or it’s not the case that both Wallis has done his JOB or you care about knowing how to make good
INFERENCES and DECISIONS.
Use the Truth Table to Determine the Answers to Questions about the Following Three Sentences. Fill out the Table Completely (12 pts):
P ≡ (P ⊃ ~P)
~(~P v ~Q)
P∙Q
P
Q
T
T
T
F
F
T
F
F
P ≡ (P ⊃ ~P)
7.) P ≡ (P ⊃ ~P) is a
P∙Q
~(~P v ~Q)
contingent statement_____
logical truth____
contradiction____
8.) Is an argument having P ≡ (P ⊃ ~P) as its premise and P ∙ Q as its conclusion valid? YES_____ NO____
9.) Are ~(~P v ~Q) and P ∙ Q logically equivalent? YES____ NO____
Use Probability Theory to Solve the Following Problem. Make Sure to Show Your Work. (6 Pts)
Bayes Theorem (in case you need it)
P(A1) x P(B given A1)
P(A1 given B) = ------------------------------------------------------------[P(A1) x P(B given A1)] + [P(A2) x P(B given A2)]
8.) What are the odds of rolling either a total of 6 or of 5 on a single roll of two fair dice?
9.) What are the odds of drawing four aces in four draws from a poker deck without replacement?
10.) Given two urns one with two red and three white balls and the other with three pink, two yellow and four blue balls. If one draws a ball from
each urn, estimate the probability of the following outcome: one white ball and one blue or pink ball.
11.) What is the probability of rolling either a 3 or a 6 on a single throw of two fair dice.
Use your knowledge of statistics from 9.4 to evaluate the following claims. If the claim is supported by the evidence, then state why it is
supported. If the claim is not supported, point out the defects in the statistical arguments. (6pts):
11.)
According to the above graph student fees increased 181% between 2000-2001 and 2009-2010. If Wallis’ starting salary was $50,000, then he must
have earned about $140,500 in the 2009-2010 school year.
12.) Based upon the following graph from Ezra Klein’s Washington Post Blog (Posted at 9:46 AM ET, 12/ 9/2010) what is the mean amount of the
2010 tax bill devoted to individuals benefitting from the “GOP priorities”? What is the mean amount of the 2010 tax bill devoted to individuals
benefitting from “Obama’s priorities”?