Download Notes Outline - Chapter 3

Biology 2121 – Notes Outline – Chapter 3 – Cells
1.
Write (summarize) the function(s) of each organelle below:
Organelle
Function
Mitochondria
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Peroxisomes
Golgi Apparatus
2.
Compare and contrast chromatin and chromosomes.
3.
The nucleic acid called _______ is made in the nucleolus of the nucleus.
4.
_________________ make up the bilayer of the plasma membrane.
5.
Briefly describe the function(s) of each of the following parts of the plasma membrane.
Part
Function
Integral protein
Peripheral protein
Cholesterol
6.
Name 3 substances that may pass straight through the plasma membrane without help and without
energy.
________________________
7.
________________________ _____________________
Distinguish between facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion.
8.
Distinguish between active transport and passive transport.
9.
Describe how you would make a solution hypertonic.
10. What does ‘vescicular transport’ refer to? Explain and give an example.
11. Briefly summarize the events that take place in each phase of mitosis below:
Phase
Prophase
Description
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
12. What is cytokinesis?
13. _______________ is the longest phase of the cell cycle.
14. Describe the roles of the following enzymes that mediate the reactions in DNA synthesis or replication.
Helicase: ___________________________________________________
Polymerase: __________________________________________________
15. Distinguish between transcription and translation.
16. Describe the roles of the following RNA in protein synthesis:
mRNA: ___________________________________________________________
tRNA: ____________________________________________________________
17. What is a codon?
18. What is a polypeptide chain?
19. Replicate the DNA sequence:
AATGGCCCGGAT
20. Transcribe the DNA sequence:
AAA TTC GGG CGC
21. Using the universal Genetic Code, translate the following mRNA strand into amino acids.
UUU GCG AAA GAG