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VA and US History Pearl Harbor, D-Day, Atom Bomb Lecture Notes: Unit 7 Lesson 3 Standard VUS.10a To Do: Vocabulary Interpretation TSWBAT Notes Many short videos Activity – Pros and Cons Big Question Multiple Choice Question Analysis Vocabulary Embargo Infamy Atrocity Kamikaze Interpretation – Are there rules in War? TSWBAT Analyze the major events that took place in the Pacific theater during WWII Debate the need for rules in War On Your Page Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor Pre-World War II Japan During the 1930s a militaristic Japan invaded and brutalized Manchuria and China as it sought military and economic domination over Asia. The United States refused to recognize Japanese conquests in Asia and imposed an embargo on exports of oil and steel to Japan. Tensions rose but both countries negotiated to avoid war. Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor While negotiating with the U.S. and without any warning, Japan carried out an air attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. The attack destroyed much of the American Pacific fleet and killed several thousand Americans. Surprise Attack Both the Army and Naval leaders expected an attack of some sort from the Japanese during that time, but underestimated the capability of the aircraft carrier. The Battleship Arizona Memorial Declaration of War Against Japan On December 8, 1941, the day after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor,U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt addressed a joint session of Congress and asked for a declaration of war against Japan. Roosevelt called December 7 "a date which will live in infamy." America is at war on all fronts After Pearl Harbor, Hitler honored a pact with Japan and declared war on the United States. The debates over isolationism in the United States were over. World War II was now a true world war and the United States was fully involved. Propaganda Poster Poster published by the United States Office of Information, 1942 Does it look familiar to you? Think 9-11… Show Movie Pearl Harbor Just through the first commercial break On Your Page D-Day (Allied invasion of Europe) Allied Forces on the Offensive Normandy landings (D-Day)— American and British troops landed in German occupied France on June 6, 1944. The Normandy invasion began with overnight airborne paratrooper and glider landings, massive air and naval bombardments, and an early morning amphibious assault on June 6, "D-day". The battle for Normandy continued for more than two months, with campaigns to establish, expand, and eventually break out of the Allied beachheads. • Despite intense German opposition and heavy American casualties, the landings succeeded and the liberation of western Europe from Hitler had begun. • Sixty years later, the Normandy invasion, codenamed Operation Overlord, remains the largest seaborne invasion in history, involving almost three million troops crossing the English Channel from England to Normandy in occupied France. Allied 53,700 dead, 18,000 missing, 155,000 wounded German About 200,000 dead, wounded and missing, 200,000 captured Show Saving Private Ryan On Your Page Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki In the Pacific American military strategy called for an “island hopping” campaign Seizing islands closer and closer to Japan and using them as bases for air attacks on Japan Cutting off Japanese supplies through submarine warfare against Japanese shipping. Japanese Strategy Following Pearl Harbor: Japan invaded the Philippines and Indonesia and planned to invade both Australia and Hawaii. Japanese leaders hoped that America would then accept Japanese predominance in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, rather than conduct a bloody and costly war to reverse Japanese gains http://www.youtub e.com/watch?v=kjxkobaRuE Use your esnyder22664 account Use of the atomic bomb Facing the prospect of horrendous casualties among both Americans and Japanese if American forces had to invade Japan itself: President Harry Truman ordered the use of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki to force the Japanese to surrender. These slips bore up anti-war propaganda and warning of air raids. However, no warning was issued in advance on possible atomic bombing The “Little Boy” was dropped onto Hiroshima on August 6th 1945 Hiroshima’s Aftermath President Harry Truman “[The atomic bomb was] the greatest achievement of organized science in history.” Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer (director of atomic bomb project)-“[The atomic bomb was] a grievous error.” and “We have blood on our hands.” Success? Over a hundred thousand people were killed in both cities. The American atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are commonly believed to be the major factor leading to the surrender of the Japanese government six days after the latter attack. Due to the fact that the US dropped atomic bombs on Japan, there was no need to invade. However, at the time the atomic bombs were dropped, the Japanese position was extremely weak and defeat was considered inevitable by some historians even without the use of the atomic bombs Big Question: What were the major events of World War II? Activity: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hOCYcgO nWUM After watching the movie and taking notes, fill out the pros and cons list asking yourself if the US should have dropped the atomic bomb or not. Don’t forget to add your conclusion at the end Multiple Choice Question Analysis