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Course Name: World History II Course Number: Core Text: Human Legacy, World History, Modern Era Major Concept: World II Learning Standards: World War II 1930-1945 The Aggressions of tyrants in Europe and Asia exploded in another world war in 1939. At first, the Axis armies of Germany, Japan, and Italy gained territory and inflicted great suffering. But after years of conflict, the Allies, led by Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union, prevailed. Axis Aggression The Allied Response The Holocaust The End of the War WHII.23 Describe the German, Italian, and Japanese drives for empire in the 1930s. (H) C. Germany’s militarization of the Rhineland, annexation of Austria, and aggression against Czechoslovakia, the Stalin-Hitler Pact of 1939, and the German attack on Poland WHII.24 Summarize the key battles and events of World War II. (H) A. The German conquest of continental Europe B. The Battle of Britain C. Pearl Harbor D. The Bataan Death March E. El Alamein F. Midway G. Stalingrad H. D-Day I. Battle of the Bulge J. Iwo Jima K. Okinawa WHII.25 Identify the goals, leadership, and post-war plans of the allied leaders. (H) A. Winston Churchill B. Franklin D. Roosevelt C. Joseph Stalin WHII.26 Describe the background, course, and consequences of the Holocaust, including its roots in the long tradition of Christian antiSemitism, 19th century ideas about race and nation, and Nazi dehumanization of the Jews. (H) WHII.27 Explain the reasons for the dropping of atom bombs on Japan and its short and long-term effects. (H) WHII.28 Explain the consequences of World War II. (H, E) A. physical and economic destruction B. the enormous loss of life, including millions of civilians through the bombing of population centers and the slaughter of political opponents and ethnic minorities C. support in Europe for political reform and decolonization D. the emergence of the U.S. and the Soviet Union as the world’s two superpowers WHII.29 Describe reasons for the establishment of the United Nations in 1945 and summarize the main ideas of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. (H) Pacing Guide: March 4-24 (15 days) 1 Key Questions: How do you think other countries in Europe reacted to the rise of aggressive dictators? How does war impact the life of ordinary citizens? What do you think would have happened if the British and French had stood up to Hitler when he threatened to annex the Sudetenland? Skills and Outcomes: When students have Formative/Summative Assessments: finished studying this topic, they will know and be able to: Students will complete the following products/other assessments to demonstrate the skills and understandings they have acquired. LINK Activity on World War II – What do you think you know about World War II? Write a paragraph about what you know about WWII using at least ten words from your linking chart View the picture of the Battle of the Bulge using I See/It Means Analyze what you see in the picture Evaluate: How could the world go to war again after “the war to end all wars?” Preview Section 1: Axis Aggression using the PIC method. Read and take notes on Germany Expands using a web diagram. Four bubbles, labeled as: o Rebuilding the German Military o Militarizing the Rhineland o Annexing Austria o Appeasement Predict how you think Hitler will react to appeasement based upon what you have already learned about him Evaluate: Why does Hitler feel the need to expand the power of Germany in violation of the Treaty of Versailles? Create a Political Cartoon and Caption in which you depict the ideas of Europe trying to appease Hitler as a poor idea. o Include the use powerful images and ideas to support your idea that Hitler should not be trusted. o Provide an expository paragraph to explain you use of visuals and symbols o Use textual evidence and your knowledge of history to complete this cartoon 2 Read and take notes on Alliances and Civil War using the two column notes method Identify how Hitler expanded his power throughout Europe Analyze how Hitler managed to avoid war while gaining power over other countries Predict Will Hitler honor the nonaggression pact made with Stalin? Support your answer with historical evidence. Create a sequence of events chart on The War Begins Identify the countries that Hitler invaded in the order in which he invaded them. Analyze Explain why Hitler was so successful in his early invasions, but his later attempts against Britain and the Soviet Union were not successful Summarize What gave the British and Soviet Union the ability to fend off German attacks? Interpreting Maps Examine the map on page 439 of Axis Advances from 1939-1941using a threecolumn GO. Columns should represent: 1. Axis powers 2. Allied Powers 3. Neutral nations News Reporting: You are the anchor for the CNN international desk. Your job is to update the public on the conditions of the world as a result of German aggression. The script for the report should include: o The invasion of Poland and the reaction of France and Britain to the act. o The attack of France through the Ardennes Forest. o The waging of the Battle of Britain o The shift of German aggression to the Soviet Union Remember, TV reporting must be concise because of the element of limited time. Visuals are always part of a TV news account. Describe the pattern of German advances 3 What was the psychological impact of the Blitz on Londoners? Can you think of another nation that had the similar reaction to constant bombing raids in the 20th century? Evaluate What was the strategy utilized by Germany in their initial advances? Use evidence from the map in your evaluation. Analyze the picture of a London Subway station during the blitz, using the I See/It Means method. *See attached photo Describe the conditions shown in the subway station Evaluate How did the people of Britain survive the bombing raids of the Germans? Analyze What does this picture tell you about the attitude of the British People? In a paragraph form summarize what the visual tells you about the resolve of the British people during the Blitz. May require some research. Write a Persuasive Speech to the British people as if you are Winston Churchill and the Blitz has just begun. Use powerful imagery and ideas to convince your fellow Britons that despite the horrible attack they are about to endure that they must endure, and explain why failure is not an option and victory is the only possibility. Analyze the Primary Source, “This was their Finest Hour” by Winston Churchill on page 442. using the APPARTS in two-column notes The Full Text of the speech is available at: This was their finest hour Evaluate the condition of British defenses, according to Churchill Infer What does this speech tell you about the resolve of the British people and why? What were the causes and effects of Japan’s attack on the United States? Read and take notes on Japan Attacks using the two column note method Identify how Japan brought the United States into war with them and Europe Analyze how the United States entrance into war changed the war both in Europe and in Asia 4 What did Admiral Yamamoto mean when he said, “I think we have awakened a sleeping giant,” after the attack on Pearl Harbor? Predict How will the attack on Pearl Harbor affect the U.S. public? In a paragraph summarize the impact of U.S. involvement in WWII, at home and abroad, as a result of the bombing of Pearl Harbor. You may select a lesson from the unit on Pearl Harbor, created by Judi Allen: http://pearlharborp7.wikispaces.com/ Analyze the Primary Source on page 443, “The Attack on Pearl Harbor” by Franklin Roosevelt completing the APPARTS chart in two-column notes The Full Text of the speech is available at: A Day that Will Live in Infamy Infer How do you think the American people would respond to this speech? Conversation about History: You are a parent who is about to tell your children about the Bombing of Pearl Harbor and President Roosevelt’s plan to ask Congress for a declaration of war against Japan. Your conversation should include: o Summary of the attack o Impact of FDR’s words in the “Day of Infamy Speech” on you. o Use textual evidence in the scripting of your talk. 5 . Can one person still make a difference in the defense of a nation? Preview Section 2: The Allied Response using the PIC method. Read the Inside Story: Recycling for Victory on page 445. Summarize the main idea of this passage Infer: How will the use of scrap impact the war effort of the allies? Create a print advertisement for a newspaper asking Americans to ration and recycle on behalf of the war drive. o Include a “catchy” title/headline for your ad as well as visuals o Text should encourage people to take part in the program o Use textual evidence to help with your design. Read and take notes on Early American Involvement using the two column note method Identify the ways Americans participated in fighting the Axis powers Analyze the effect of Americans’ participation on the Germans In paragraph form Summarize how the addition of Americans on the side of the Allies changed the way the war was fought. Why do you think the control of North Africa was important to the Read and take notes on War in North Africa and Allied war effort? Italy using a two column note method Identify the roles played by Rommel, Montgomery and Eisenhower. Evaluate the importance of the Battle of El Alamein. Explain the “Fighting in Italy” in one sentence. In a paragraph summarize What did Allied troops accomplish in North Africa and Italy? 6 Analyzing Visuals Examine the propaganda posters on page 449, using the I See/It Means method. Identify what you see in the picture that will help you understand its meaning. Analyze what is significant about what you observed Summarize the messages of each poster Identifying Bias Are the messages of the two posters similar or different? Explain why you think that is. How did Geography help defeat Germany in the Soviet Union? Read and take notes on A Turning Point in the Soviet Union using the two column note method Identify the strategies and outcomes of the Battles of Stalingrad and Leningrad Analyze why the fighting in Russia was some of the worst fighting in the war. Infer What could be the effect of the fighting in the Soviet Union be on the rest of the war? Summarize why the Battle of Stalingrad was the turning point in the war? Create Persuasive Leaflets after examining the posters on page 449. The leaflets will be dropped into enemy territory, to counteract information suggested by the posters. These leaflets should: 1. Show the people living in the country of the other side that the propaganda being given to them by their own government is false. (Use textual evidence in your presentation) 2. Convince the people that your side is morally correct, and persuade the people of the enemy country that they should rise against their government, to avoid facing potential ruin 3. Use powerful images and ideas to get the point across to the people of the enemy country that they are living in a country whose ideology will potentially get them killed. Journal Writing: You are a German soldier who is taking part in the Battle of Stalingrad. Describe the physical conditions you are experiencing as well as your military capabilities as a result of the battle. Be very descriptive and utilize textual evidence in your account. 7 History and Geography Examine the visuals on pages 454 and 455. Location How did Stalingrad’s location on the Volga River both help and hurt the Soviet defenders? Human-Environment Interaction How was the Battle of Stalingrad affected by Geography? Predict How would the war’s outcome have changed had Hitler successfully taken Stalingrad? Explain using historical evidence. Read and take notes on A Turning Point in the Pacific using a four column graphic organizer (*See attached) Identify the outcome of each event o Bataan Death March o Battle of Coral Sea o Battle of Midway o Battle of Guadalcanal Analyze the effect of each event on the progress of the war in the Pacific Evaluate which battle was the turning point in the Pacific? Comparative Writing Compare Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 with that of Napoleon in 1812. Identify how the fighting and tactics were similar and different. (Refer back to Chapter 6) o Analyze Do you think Hitler would have benefited from studying Napoleon’s invasion of Russia in 1812? Explain with historical support. o Predict How should Hitler have invaded the Soviet Union, if he hoped to be successful? In paragraph form, Summarize Who was winning in the Pacific by the end of 1944? Use textual evidence in your explanation. 8 Key Questions: Skills and Outcomes: When students have Formative/Summative Assessments: finished studying this topic, they will know and be able to: Students will complete the following products/other assessments to demonstrate the skills and understandings they have acquired. What is a scapegoat? Preview Section 3: The Holocaust using the PIC method. How can one man’s hatred lead to mass murder by one group of people against another? LINK Activity What do you Think you know about the Holocaust? Use ten words from your linking chart to write a paragraph about the Holocaust View symbol of the Holocaust Using the I See/It Means method. Describe what you see in the picture Analyze the meaning of the symbols Why do you think German soldiers and the German people went along with the Nazi policy of persecution of the Jews? In a paragraph summarize the point of view of the creator of this memorial sculpture. Writing an editorial: Based on what you have read and your note-taking on the Holocaust, write an editorial on: What causes an entire society to take part in the extermination of a group of people? Use textual evidence and research in your work. Read and Take Notes on Nazi Anti-Semitism using a Main Idea and Details Graphic Organizer ( in Graphic organizer booklet) Identify the roots of Nazi Anti-Semitism, and the effects Analyze the reasons for the “success” pf Hitler’s anti-Semite view Predict how this racist view will lead to worsening conditions for Jewish people in all of Europe. 9 How does the Holocaust affect the world today, particularly in terms of international relations? What purpose do Holocaust Memorials serve/ Small group Activity: Divide the class into groups of three or four Each group is to create a list of events that allowed the Holocaust to happen Groups should rank the events on their list in the order of importance to the Holocaust Each group selects a spokesperson to report out to the class. Students write a reflection on class discussion on the events leading to the Holocaust. Read and Take Notes on The Final Solution using the two column note method Identify how the Germans executed their plan for the extermination of the Jewish people and other ‘undesirables.’ Analyze the methods used by Nazis to enforce the “Final Solution” Predict the effect this mass murder will have on the rest of the world. Read a selection of letters, Voices from Oblivion Summarize the messages conveyed in the letters/diaries Evaluate their importance to historians Optional: (Facing History Text) Read and take notes on the Introduction to Chapter 7, The Holocaust, in the Facing History and Ourselves Resource Book, Holocaust and Human Behavior (Light Blue Books), beginning on page 307. Use the two column note method. Reading like an Historian: You are an historian assembling a book of readings by concentration camp survivors. You are to write an introduction to this work of selections of stories by Holocaust survivors. Use your knowledge of the Holocaust and completed work in this section to aid you in your introduction. 10 How does the idea of submission play a role in empowering criminal activity? Summarize the focus of the introductions Evaluate its message about the Holocaust Selected readings and activities using Holocaust and Human Behavior: Reading 1 Sanitary Language Reading 5 Blueprint for the “Final Solution” Reading 7 The “Final Solution” Accelerates o This is a lengthy reading, however is also a first hand account of a Nazi execution squad’s work…from one of those who was shot and left for dead. Page 349, a map which shows approximately the number of Jews killed in Europe by the Nazis Reading 17 A Commandant’s View Reading 18 Rationalizing Genocide Read and Take notes on The World Reacts using a web diagram. Each of the stems should represent the actions of each allied country as they learned about the Holocaust: 1. United States 2. Great Britain 3. Russia Explain the purpose of the War Refugee Board Describe the Soviet liberation of Auschvitwz You were There: You are to play the role of a Soviet or American soldier who liberated one of the German death camps. You are writing to your commanding officer to explain what you found when you got there and what you did to help. Use historical evidence based on readings and activities completed on the Holocaust to complete this letter. Summarize the world’s reaction to the Nazi 11 killing of Jews and other prisoners. What makes a person change from a bystander to a rescuer? Optional (Facing History text) Read and take notes on the introduction to Chapter 8, Bystanders and Rescuers, in the Facing History and Ourselves Resource Book, Holocaust and Human Behavior (Light Blue Books), beginning on page 363. Use the two column note method. Describe the role of Rescuers Evaluate the role they played in saving the lives of Jewish citizens Selected readings and activities using Holocaust and Human Behavior: Reading 1 What did People Know? Reading 4 A Matter of Courage Reading 5 From Bystanders to Resisters Reading 12 Schindler’s List Reading 16 The Response of the Allies o This reading, though lengthy, gives numerous primary source excerpts on the action or inaction taken by the Allies to save Jewish people, despite knowledge of the Holocaust in progress. Reading 19 As the War Ended Write a newspaper article which will appear in the New York Times, during WW II, urging the United States to take more drastic action against the Nazis to end the Holocaust. o To gain the support of your readers, be sure to use explicit details from what you have learned to open the eyes of the American people and government to the atrocities occurring in Europe during World War II. 12 Key Questions: Skills and Outcomes: When students have finished studying this topic, they will know and be able to: Formative/Summative Assessments: Students will complete the following products/other assessments to demonstrate the skills and understandings they have acquired. Preview Section 4: The End of the War using the PIC method. What makes a person willing to risk his/her life for a cause? Read and Summarize in your own words: The Inside Story, Storming the Beaches on page 460. Compare and contrast: What sorts of emotions would you have felt, if you were: o An American Soldier landing in Normandy o A German soldier stationed on the Normandy coast Evaluate the reasons for the emotions you would feel as an American or a German? Read and Take notes on War Ends in Europe and War Ends in the Pacific using a two column graphic organizer Left Column – Europe Right Column – Pacific In each column the following should be identified: o Important battles/events o Leaders o Reason(s) for Allied victory Analyze What were the factors Write a Feature story for an international news service about the first 24 hours after the Allied invasion of France, or D-day. o Use the links provided in the Online Resources, to research what happened in Normandy on D-Day. Use eyewitness accounts and other documents to support your work. o Your article should feature the point of view of one of the following: 1. AnAmerican/British/Canadian Soldier landing in Normandy 2. A German soldier stationed on the Normandy Coast 3. A French civilian living under the Vichy French government, but who is against it. o Include specific details about the background of your eyewitness. Also provide quotes from your eyewitness on his personal feelings and viewpoints about the invasion and what it meant to him. Take a Position: Do you feel the United States was justified in the dropping of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Use historical evidence to support your position. 13 Do you think President Truman made the correct decision by ordering the atomic bomb to be dropped on Nagasaki and Hiroshima? Why or why not? How has the development of nuclear weapons impacted international relations? that led the Allies to victory in Europe first, before the Pacific? Summarize Were the ends justified by the means used by the Allies to end the war? Explain your point of view using historical evidence. Read and take notes on the War ends in the Pacific using the two-column note method. Explain the significance of the Battle of Iwo Jima and the Battle of Okinawa. Evaluate the President Truman’s decision to use the atomic bomb to shorten the war in Japan Summarize the impact of the nuclear strike on Japan Quizzes and Topic Tests Required Assessment(s) Select one more assessment of your choice Read and analyze the primary source Hiroshima, on page 463 of the textbook, using the APPARTS chart in twocolumn notes format Summarize What does this source tell you about the power of the atomic bomb? Analyze Primary Source: How do you think the Japanese government would respond to the dropping of the bomb on Hiroshima? View the movie, White Lightning, Black Rain, the story of the survivors of 14 Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Film is available at Primary Source in Watertown, MA. Read and Take Notes on The Postwar World using the two column note method Identify the major meetings of the Three Big Powers, and the resolutions that came about as a result of those meetings. Analyze Based upon what you already know about the Soviet Union, why do you think the rest of the Allies had trouble agreeing with the Soviets on how to move beyond World War II? Summarize How did World War II change the world in a way that had never before been experienced? A Great over view of the Cold War period from Yalta to early 1990s available at the following website: The Cold War For more information on the Korean conflict visit the following Wikispaces page created by Judi Allen: http://koreanwarp7.wikispaces.com/ 15