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Unit 2 Title: Experimental techniques Learning objectives: Lesson 6 Lesson 2.1 Measurement Core Name appropriate apparatus for the measurement of time, temperature, mass and volume, including burettes, pipettes and measuring cylinders Subject: Chemistry Year 10 Description of work to be covered Class work: in this lesson students will…. Work through page 8 CFY and have a full range of chemical apparatus for the students to look at and investigate their use. Presentation of apparatus and their use (poster or power-point) Suggested activities: Basic apparatus 1 & 2 (red button page 8 CFY) Online resources Kerboodle Chemistry For You online textbook pages (8 & red button on top of page) Lesson 7 2.2 (ai) Criteria of purity - Chromatography Core Describe paper chromatography Interpret simple chromatograms Class work in this lesson students will investigate…. Experimental work involving simple inks, dyes and food colourings. Nonpermanent felt tipped pens work well. Suggested activities: Experiment 14.7 ‘Chromatography’ page 182 CFY (help sheet press red button beside exp 14.7) Homework: Kerboodle CFY page 186 question 4 Online resources Kerboodle Chemistry For You online textbook pages (182) http://www.personal.psu.edu/ Lesson 8 2.2(aii) Criteria of purity - melting and boiling points Core: Identify substances and assess their purity from melting point and boiling point information Understand the importance of purity in substances in everyday life, e.g. foodstuffs and drugs Class work in this lesson students will observe…. Demonstrations using water and dissolving sodium chloride or other salts in it. The use of salt on roads to melt ice could be mentioned in this context. Lesson 9 2.2 (aiii) Criteria of purity - Chromatography ‘Rf values & locating agents’ Class work: in this lesson students will…. Use R values to compare the height of the spots on the chromatogram Supplementary Interpret simple chromatograms, including Suggested activities: Experiment ‘Pure substances’ page 329 CFY (press red button beside) Online resources Kerboodle Chemistry For You online textbook pages (329 red button) Drug purity regulations – see in: http://www.cgmp.com/ f with advanced students. Experimental work can be extended to include separating a mixture of amino acids (using ninhydrin as a locating agent) and simple sugars. the use of Rf values Outline how chromatography techniques can be applied to colourless substances by exposing chromatograms to substances called locating agents (knowledge of specific locating agents is not required) Link to learning programme 14, Organic Chemistry. Suggested activities: Kerboodle p182 extension: Chromatography http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/chromatography/paper.html Homework Online resources Kerboodle Chemistry For You online textbook pages (182 red button at bottom of page) http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/chromatography/paper.html Lesson 10&11 2.2 (b) Methods of purification Core Describe methods of purification by the use of a suitable solvent, filtration, crystallisation, distillation (including use of fractionating column). (Refer to the fractional distillation of crude oil in section 14.2 and products of fermentation in section 14.6.) Suggest suitable purification techniques, given information about the substances involved Class work in this lesson students will investigate…. Typical solvents to use are water or ethanol. Demonstrate separation of iodine using cyclohexane. Filtration is used in one of the salt preparation methods to remove excess solid. Crystallisation is used in most salt preparations to obtain the final product. Demonstrate the (partial) separation of ethanol from water by distillation. Demonstrate separation of ‘petroleum fractions’ from mixtures of hydrocarbons. This may be linked to magnetic properties (less important) and varying solubilities (more important). Suggested activities: Fractional distillation of crude oil (CFY page 144 first press red button for help sheet). What are uses of crude oil? Interactive (CFY page 144 press second red button.). Distillation page 17f CFY – press red button. CFY - Demonstration 11.1 ‘distilling crude oil’ (see red button for worksheet distilling crude oil in the lab) Homework www.samlearning.com (click on GCSE, then science, then IGCSE science courses, then IGCSE Cambridge chemistry, then particulate nature of matter – do the revise for mixtures, and both fractional distillation links. Online resources Kerboodle Chemistry For You online textbook pages (128, 142, 144, 175) Class work: Lesson 12 Students to complete progress & baseline assessments and peer / Progress assessment – experimental self mark techniques Baseline assessment – atoms, elements and compounds Assessment arrangements: Baseline and progress assessment lessons to compliment AFL and homework Extended learning: http://www.gcsescience.com/e8-chromatography.htm (information of Rf values and chromatography as a separation technique) http://www.gcsescience.com/q/qelcomsep.html (online quiz)