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Chapter 13 1. A) B) C) D) E) __________ is the segmental arrangement of body parts. Metamerism Triploblastism Tagmatization Serialism Cephalization 2. A) B) C) D) E) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the phylum Annelida? body with metameric segments chitinous exoskeleton closed circulatory system ventral ganglionated nerve cords excretion by metanephridia or protonephridia 3. Some segmented animals have groups of segments specialized for particular functions. The process of forming distinct body regions is called: A) metamerism. B) eutely. C) tagmatization. D) cephalization. E) differentiation. 4. A) B) C) D) E) A feature that does not characterize either annelids or arthropods is a ventral nerve cord. bilateral symmetry. a complete digestive tract. an acoelomate condition. triploblastic organization. 5. A) B) C) D) E) The most speciose class of annelids is __________. Its members are primarily marine. Chaetognatha Oligochaeta Hirudinea Gnathostomulida Polychaeta 6. A) B) C) D) E) Polychaetes are distinguished by lateral extensions of the body called parapodia. setae. prostomi. palps. tentacles. Page 1 7. The region of the polychaete head that is dorsal and anterior to the mouth, and is sensory in function, is the __________. A) gnathostome B) prostomium C) peristomium D) protostome E) pygidium 8. A) B) C) D) E) The body part surrounding the mouth and bearing tentacles is the __________. pharynx head peristomium notopodium cirrus 9. The body cavity of most annelids is divided into compartments by “curtains” of tissue called A) cirri. B) setae. C) muscles. D) septa. E) pleura. 10. A) B) C) D) E) External respiratory exchange in most annelids is accomplished by ventilation. active transport. endocytosis. facilitated diffusion. diffusion. 11. A) B) C) D) E) __________ increase the surface area for respiratory exchange in some polychaetes. Parapodial gills Dermal branchiae Annuli Septa Mesenteries 12. A) B) C) D) E) Polychaetes have a __________ circulatory system. bloodless closed lacunar open countercurrent Page 2 13. Each polychaete body compartment has a __________ ganglion which aids in coordination of swimming and crawling. A) suprapharyngeal B) subpharyngeal C) segmental D) cerebral E) cephalic 14. The __________ are unusual parts of the annelid nervous system responsible for rapid movements such as escape reactions. A) segmental ganglia B) subesophageal ganglia C) cerebral fibers D) giant fibers E) supraesophageal ganglia 15. __________ are sensory pits on the heads of polychaetes with chemoreceptors for food detection. A) Olfactors B) Auricles C) Statocysts D) Phasmids E) Nuchal organs 16. A) B) C) D) E) The major nitrogenous waste produced by annelids is ammonia. urea. uric acid. guanine. urine. 17. A) B) C) D) E) __________ are the excretory organs of most polychaetes. Chloragogues Metanephridia Osphradia Nuchal glands Ommatidia 18. A) B) C) D) E) The open, ciliated funnel of the metanephridium is the infundibulum. epitoke. nephrostome. nephridiopore. flame bulb. Page 3 19. A) B) C) D) E) Some polychaetes exhibit epitoky; the __________ is the non-reproductive individual. anatoke heterotoke protogyn atoke hypertoke 20. The two annelid subclasses containing the earthworms and the leeches have now been united into the class A) Hiruchaeta. B) Chaetognatha. C) Polychaeta. D) Oligodinea. E) Clitellata. 21. The girdle-like structure used for mucus secretion during copulation in oligochaetes is the A) clitellum. B) parapodium. C) atoke. D) epitoke. E) prostomium. 22. A) B) C) D) E) During feeding, the __________ of oligochaetes helps to pump in food. prostomium pharynx clitellum esophagus mouth 23. A) B) C) D) E) The __________ is a thin-walled storage area in the oligochaete digestive tract. pharynx stomach crop esophagus gizzard 24. A) B) C) D) E) As in birds, the __________ acts to grind food in the oligochaete digestive tract. gastric mill pharynx crop gizzard stomach Page 4 25. The __________ is a dorsal invagination that increases the surface area of the earthworm intestine. A) crop B) clitellum C) esophagus D) chloragogen E) typhlosole 26. A) B) C) D) E) Clitellate reproduction may be characterized by the female picking up the spermatophore with the cloaca. reciprocal sperm transfer. hypodermic impregnation. amplexus. shedding of gametes into the environment. 27. A) B) C) D) E) In annelids, the __________ is a site of amino acid metabolism. liver typholosole chloragogen tissue clitellum kidney 28. A) B) C) D) E) Chloragogen tissue of annelids is similar in function to the vertebrate kidneys. pancreas. gall bladder. liver. spleen. 29. A) B) C) D) E) Annelids convert ammonia to urea in the metanephridia. calciferous glands. nuchal glands. clitellar tissue. chloragogen tissue. 30. A) B) C) D) E) Clitelates may be characterized as __________ with respect to reproduction. monoecious dioecious asexual protandric parthenogenic Page 5 31. A) B) C) D) E) In the class Clitellata, the larval form is a trochophore. absent. a veliger. dormant. free-living. 32. A) B) C) D) E) Leeches belong to the annelid subclass Oligochaeta. Chaetognatha. Hirudinea. Gnathobdellida. Polychaeta. 33. A) B) C) D) E) The superficial external rings on a leech are called: proglottids. tagmata. metameres. annuli. strobilia. 34. A) B) C) D) E) Leeches typically lack segments. a digestive tract. sense organs. a pharynx. setae. 35. A) B) C) D) E) The anticoagulant secreted by leech salivary glands is hirudin. saliva. salivary amylase. hemerythrin. prothrombin. 36. A) B) C) D) E) Over the last several thousand years, leeches have been utilized by humans to attack foreign invaders. to remove blood from the body. to prevent malaria. as food. to investigate the functioning of nervous systems. Page 6 37. The members of the annelid class __________ are considered closest to the ancestral annelid condition. A) Chaetognatha B) Gnathobdellida C) Polychaeta D) Oligochaeta E) Clitellata 38. A) B) C) D) E) Leeches become __________ when searching for food. negatively phototactic negatively thigmotactic negatively chemotactic positively phototactic positively thigmotactic 39. A) B) C) D) E) Of the following features characteristic of oligochaetes, which is lacking in polychaetes? coelom spiral cleavage setae triploblastic development clitellum 40. A) B) C) D) E) Which of the characters below is not a feature of leeches? hypodermic impregnation asexual reproduction reciprocal sperm transfer sexually production of a cocoon 41. A) B) C) D) E) The echiurans and two groups of deep sea worms are likely to be removed from the Clitellata. removed from the Annelida. added to the subclass Hirudinea. added to the subclass Oligochaeta. added to the class Polychaeta. 42. A) B) C) D) E) The class Clitellata was recently created to unite the polychaetes and leeches. unite the polychaetes and earthworms. unite the oligochaetes and leeches. further subdivide the leeches. further subdivide the oligochaetes. Page 7