Download APUS History Name: ____________ Progressives Date: ______

APUS History
Progressives
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Name: ___________________________________________________
Date: _____________
1. ____In his book, Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, Reverend Josiah Strong advocated American
expansion to
a. maintain the international balance of power.
b. open up new markets for industrial goods.
c. spread American religion and values to backward nations. d. ease labor violence at home.
e. demonstrate and maintain white racial superiority.
2. ____ A major factor in the shift in American foreign policy toward imperialism in the late nineteenth century was the
a. need for subservient populations to replace the freed slaves.
b. desire for more farmland.
c. construction of an American-built isthmian canal between the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean.
d. closing of the frontier.
e. need for overseas markets for increased industrial and agricultural production.
3. ____Alfred Thayer Mahan argued that
a. free trade was essential to a nation's economic health.
b. control of the sea was the key to world domination.
c. the United States should continue its policy of isolationism.
d. the United States should immediately build an isthmian canal between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
e. the United States should construct a fleet of battleships.
4. ____President Grover Cleveland rejected the effort to annex Hawaii because
a. he wanted to protect the interests of Louisiana sugar producers.
b. the United States did not have the naval power to protect the islands against Japanese or German threats.
c. he believed that native Hawaiians had been wronged and a majority of Hawaiians opposed annexation to the United States.
d. passage of the McKinley Tariff made Hawaiian sugar unprofitable.
e. the United States would soon have to establish military bases in Hawaii.
5. ____To justify American intervention in the Venezuela boundary dispute with Britain, Secretary of State Olney invoked the
a. Platt Amendment.
b. Open Door policy.
c. Monroe Doctrine.
d. Foraker Act. e. Gentlemen's Agreement.
6. ____Hawaii's Queen Liliuokalani was forced from power in 1893 because
a. she refused to allow Christian missionaries in her country.
b. many Hawaiians found her rule corrupt.
c. Hawaiian agriculture had failed under her leadership.
d. President Grover Cleveland believed that U.S. national honor required control of the Hawaiian government.
e. she opposed annexation to the United States and insisted that native Hawaiians should continue to control Hawaii.
7. ____Which of the following prominent American leaders was least enthusiastic about U.S. imperialism in the 1890s?
a. Theodore Roosevelt b. William Randolph Hearst c. Alfred Thayer Mahan d. William McKinley e. Grover Cleveland
8. ____ In 1912, Woodrow Wilson ran for the presidency on a Democratic platform that included all of the following except a
call for
A) antitrust legislation.
B) monetary reform.
C) dollar diplomacy.
D) tariff reductions.
9. ____ A major factor in the shift in American foreign policy toward imperialism in the late nineteenth century was the
a. need for subservient populations to replace the freed slaves.
b. desire for more farmland.
c. construction of an American-built isthmian canal between the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean.
d. closing of the frontier.
e. need for overseas markets for increased industrial and agricultural production.
10. ____ The battleship Maine was sunk by
a. the Spanish. b. an accidental internal explosion on the ship. c. Cuban rebels. d. pro-war agents of William Randolph Hearst.
e. a mine planted by pro-Cuban Americans.
11. ____ President William McKinley asked Congress to declare war on Spain mainly because
a. the business community favored the conflict.
b. the Spanish government had directly insulted the United States.
c. it became clear that there was no other way to obtain Cuban independence.
d. the Teller Amendment guaranteed that the United States would not establish colonial control of Cuba.
e. the American public and many leading Republicans demanded it.
12. ____The Teller Amendment
a. guaranteed that the United States would support Cuban independence after Spain was ousted.
b. stated that Cuba would become an American possession.
c. directed President McKinley to order American troops into Cuba.
d. appropriated funds to combat yellow fever in Cuba.
e. granted the United States a permanent base at Guantanamo Bay.
13. ____Member of the Rough Riders consisted of
a. volunteers.
b. cowboys and former polo players.
c. ex-convicts.
d. All of these
e. None of these
14. ____The greatest loss of life for American fighting men during the Spanish-American War resulted from
a. naval battles in the Caribbean.
b. the war in the Philippines.
c. land battles in the Cuban campaign.
d. sickness in both Cuba and the United States.
e. the bungling of unprofessional military volunteers.
15. ____ All of the following became possessions of the United States were acquired from Spain after the Treaty of Paris except
a. Puerto Rico. b. Guam.
c. the Philippine Islands. d. Hawaii.
e. Manila.
16. ____On the question of whether American laws applied to the overseas territory acquired in the Spanish-American War, the
Supreme Court ruled in the Insular Cases that
a. the American Constitution and laws did not apply to U.S. colonies.
b. the president could determine which U.S. laws applied in U.S. colonies.
c. federal but not state laws applied.
d. only tariff laws could be forced.
e. only the Bill of Rights applied.
17. ____The United States asserted that it had a virtual right of continuing intervention in Cuba in the
a. Insular cases. b. Platt Amendment.
c. Teller Amendment.
d. Foraker Act. e. Guantanamo Bay Treaty.
18. ____By acquiring the Philippine Islands at the end of the Spanish-American War, the United States
a. assumed rule over millions of Asian people.
b. became a full-fledged East Asian power.
c. assumed commitments that would be difficult to defend.
d. developed popular support for a big navy.
e. all of these
19. ____America's initial Open Door policy was essentially an argument to promote
a. free trade in China.
b. equal spheres of influence in China.
c. military protection for the Chinese emperor.
d. exclusive trade concessions for the U.S. in Shanghai.
e. the principle of self-determination.
20. ____In response to the Boxer Rebellion, the United States
a. refused to accept any indemnity for the losses that it incurred while putting down this uprising.
b. sent more American missionaries to China.
c. sent money but no troops to help a multinational contingent to crush the uprising.
d. became an East Asian power.
e. abandoned its general principles of nonentanglement and noninvolvement in overseas conflict.
21. ____Teddy Roosevelt received the Republican vice-presidential nomination in 1900 mainly because
a. his progressivism balanced McKinley's conservatism.
b. New York party bosses wanted him out of the governorship.
c. his presence on the ticket would appeal to western voters. d. Mark Hanna supported his candidacy.
e. his personal warmth balanced McKinley's aloofness.
22. ____In the 1900 presidential election, the Democratic party and its candidate, William Jennings Bryan, insisted that ____ was
the paramount issue of the campaign.
a. tariff protection
b. imperialism c. free silver
d. social reform e. national defense
23. ____ Regarding the presidency, Teddy Roosevelt believed that
a. it was crucial to work with Congress.
b. the checks and balances among the three branches of government were essential to American government.
c. the president could take any action not specifically prohibited by the laws and the Constitution.
d. the president should state principles but real power should be held by the Cabinet.
e. the president should never appeal to public opinion.
24. ____ Construction of an isthmian canal across Central America was motivated mainly by
a. a desire to improve defense by allowing rapid naval movements between two oceans.
b. the Panamanian Revolution.
c. America's growing economic interests in Asia.
d. the British rejection of the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty.
e. American economic interests in Central America.
25. ____ As one progressive explained, the 'real heart' of the progressive movement was to
a) preserve world peace
b) use the government as an agency of human welfare
c) ensure the Jeffersonian style of government
d) reinstate the policy of laissez faire
e) to promote economic and social equality
26. ____The muckrakers signified much about the nature of the progressive reform movement because they
a) counted on drastic political change to fight social wrongs
b) thrived on publicity rather than social change
c) believed that the cure for the ills of American democracy lay in less democracy and more government control
d) sought not to overthrow capitalism but to cleanse it with democratic controls
e) refused to look beyond middle-class concerns
27. ____Most muckrakers believed that their primary function in the progressive attack on social ills was to
a) formulate a consistent philosophy of social reform
b) explain the causes of social ills
c) devise solutions to society's problems
d) make the public aware of social problems
e) link up with movements for social justice
28. ____The two key goals pursued by progressives were to curb the threats posed by ________________ on the one hand and
__________________ on the other.
a) New immigrants; blacks
b) feminists; patriarchal males
c) the social gospel; the gospel of wealth
d) the Old Guard; muckrakers
e) trusts; socialists
29. ____The case of Lochner v. New York represented a setback for progressives and labor advocates because the Supreme
Court in its ruling
a) declared a law limiting work to 10 hours a day unconstitutional
b) declared unconstitutional a law providing special protection for women workers
c) declared that prohibiting child labor would require a constitutional amendment
d) upheld the constitutionality of a law enabling business to fire labor organizers
e) ruled that fire and safety regulations were local and not state or federal concerns
30. ____The progressive-inspired city-manager system of government
a) brought democracy to urban dwellers
b) was developed in Wisconsin
c) was designed to remove politics from municipal administration
d) made giant strides under the leadership of Hiram Johnson
e) opened urban politics to new immigrants
31. ____ Progressive reform at the level of city government seeme4d to indicate that the progressives' highest priority was
a) democratic participation b) governmental efficiency c) free enterprise
d) economic equality
e) urban planning
32. ____While president, Theodore Roosevelt chose to label his reform proposals as the
a) Fair Deal
b) Big Deal
c) Big Stick
d) New Deal
e) Square Deal
33. ____ As a part of his reform program, Teddy Roosevelt advocated all of the following except
a) control of labor
b) control of corporations
c) consumer protection
d) conservation of natural resources
e) an end to railroad rebates
34. ____One unusual and significant characteristic of the anthracite coal strike in 1902 was that
a) the coal miners' union was officially recognized as the legal bargaining agent of the miners
b) for a time the mines were seized by the national government and operated by federal troops
c) the national government did not automatically side with the owners in the dispute
d) the owners quickly agreed to negotiate with labor representatives in order to settle their differences peacefully
e) it generated widespread middle-class support
35. ____The Elkins and Hepburn acts dealt with the subject of
a) regulation of municipal utilities b) the purity of food and drugs
d) women's working conditions
e) railroad regulations
c) conservation of natural resources
36. ____Theodore Roosevelt believed that trusts
a) could be destroyed without damage to the American economy b) were greedy for power and wealth
c) were too powerful to be regulated
d) were here to stay with their efficient means of production
e) should be balanced by strong labor unions
37. ____ The real purpose of Theodore Roosevelt's assault on trusts was to
a) fragment big business
b) prove that the government, not private business, ruled the country
c) halt the trend toward combination and integration in business d) establish himself as a bigger 'trustbuster' than Taft
e) inspire confidence in small business owners
38. ____President Roosevelt believed that the federal government should adopt a policy of __________________ trusts.
a) dissolving
b) ignoring
c) regulating
d) collusion with
e) monitoring
39. ____Passage of the Federal Meat Inspection Act was facilitated by the publication of
a) Theodore Dreiser's The Titan
b) Jack London's Call of the Wild
c) Henry Demarest Lloyd's Wealth Against Commonwealth
d) Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives
e) Upton Sinclair's The Jungle
40. ____ When Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle, he intended his book to focus attention on the
a) unsanitary conditions in the meat-packing industry
b) plight of workers in the stockyards and meat-packing industry
c) corruption in the U.S. senate
d) deplorable conditions in the drug industry
e) unhealthy effects of beef consumption
41. ____ Of the following legislation aimed at resource conservation, the only one associated with Theodore Roosevelt's
presidency was the
a) Desert Land Act
b) Forest Reserve Act
c) Newlands Act
d) Cary Act
e) Clean Water Act
42. ____According to the text, Theodore Roosevelt's most enduring, tangible achievement may have been
a) the Panama Canal
b) his trust busting
c) mediating an end to the Russo-Japanese War
d) his efforts supporting the environment
e) his efforts at consumer protection
43. ____The idea of 'multiple-use resource management' included all of the following practices except
a) recreation
b) damming of rivers
c) sustained-yield logging d) summer stock grazing
e) watershed protection
44. ____Theodore Roosevelt weakened himself politically after his election in 1904 when he
a) got into a quarrel with his popular secretary of war, William Taft b) refused to do anything in response to the 'Roosevelt Panic'
c) supported the Federal Reserve Act
d) began to reduce his trust-busting activity
e) announced that he would not be a candidate for a third term as president
45. ____The panic of 1907 stimulated reform in ______________ policy.
a) banking
b) tariff
c) land-use
d) industrial
e) stock-trading
46. ____Theodore Roosevelt is probably most accurately described as
a) an ardent defender of American individualism
b) a near-socialist
d) a champion 'trustbuster'
e) a political elitist
c) a middle-of-the-road politician
47. ____While president, Theodore Roosevelt
a) greatly increased the power and prestige of the presidency b) showed no skill and little interest in working with Congress
c) was a poor judge of public opinion
d) was surprisingly unpopular with the public
e) held rigidly to ideological principles
48. ____During his presidency, Theodore Roosevelt did all of the following except
a) expand presidential power
b) shape the progressive movement
d) provide an international perspective
e) tame capitalism
49. ____ As president, William Howard Taft
a) was a good judge of public opinion
c) was wedded more to the status quo than to change
c) aid the cause of the environment
b) held together the diverse wings of the Republican party
d) adopted a confrontational attitude toward Congress
e) carried on the legacy of Theodore Roosevelt
50. ____President Taft's foreign policy was dubbed
a) big-stick diplomacy
b) the Open Door policy
e) sphere-of-influence diplomacy
c) the Good Neighbor policy
d) dollar diplomacy
51. ____ The Supreme Court's 'rule of reason' in restraint-of-trade cases was handed down in a case involving
a) Northern Securities
b) United States Steel
c) General Electric
d) Armour Meat-Packing e) Standard Oil
52. ____Theodore Roosevelt decided to run for the presidency in 1912 because
a) William H. Taft had seemed to discard Roosevelt's policies b) Taft decided not to run for a second term
c) he was drafted by the Republican party
d) Sen. Robert La Follette encouraged him to do so
e) the Democratic Party was split
53. ____ Progressives who were among the strongest critics of injustice in early-twentieth-century America, received much of
their inspiration from
a) the Federalists b) the Greenback Labor party and the Populists c) foreign nations d) progressive theorists, like Jacob Riis
e) social Darwinists
54. ____Match each late-19th century social critic below with the target of his criticism.
A. Thorstein Veblen
1. 'bloated trusts'
B. Jack London
2. 'slum conditions'
C. Jacob Riis
3. 'conspicuous consumption'
D. Henry Demarest Lloyd 4. destruction of nature
a) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1
b) A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
55. ____Progressivism
a) supported many reforms advocated by feminists
c) supported only the demand for woman suffrage
e) reflected the views of working-class women
c) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
d) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
e) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
b) offered little to the ever-growing women's movement
d) followed examples set by women's reform movements in Europe
56. ____ President Theodore Roosevelt branded reporters who tried to uncover injustice as 'muckrakers' because
a) he saw them as trying to clean up society
b) they brought ugly problems to public attention
c) of their work in the 'muck' of the slums
d) of their coverage of the meat-packing industry
e) he was annoyed by their excessive zeal
57. ____ Match the earl 20th century muckraker below with the target of his or her expose
A. David Phillips
1. the U.S. Senate
B. Ida Tarbell
2. the Standard Oil Company
C. Lincoln Steffens
3. city governments
D. Ray Stannard Baker
4. the conditions of blacks
a) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
b) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1
c) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
d) A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
e) A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
58. ____ Lincoln Steffens, in his series of articles entitled 'The Shame of the Cities,'
a) attacked the U.S. Senate
b) exposed the deplorable conditions of blacks in urban areas
c) laid bare the practices of the stock market
d) uncovered official collusion in prostitution and 'white slavery'
e) unmasked the corrupt alliance between big business and municipal government
59. ____Political progressivism
a) made little difference in American life
b) dissolved after Teddy Roosevelt stepped down as president
c) emerged in both major parties, in all regions, at all levels of government
d) was more a minority movement than a majority mood
e) began in Northeastern big cities
60. ____According to progressives, the cure for American democracy's ills was
a) technical and scientific expertise
b) a third political party
c) socialism
e) more democracy
d) a more conservative government
61. ____To regain the power that the people had lost to the 'interests,' progressives advocated all of the following except
a) initiative
b) referendum
c) recall
d) socialism
e) direct election of U.S. senators
62. ____All of the following were prime goals of earnest progressives except
a) the direct election of U.S. senators
b) the elimination of graft
d) ending prostitution and 'white slavery'
e) opposition to Prohibition
c) woman suffrage
63. ____The progressive movement was instrumental in getting both the 17th and 18th amendments added to the Constitution.
The 17th called for ________________, and the 18th called for _______________,
a) prohibition; woman suffrage
b) direct election of U.S. senators; prohibition
c) woman suffrage; income taxes
d) income taxes; direct election of U.S. senators
e) woman suffrage; direct election of U.S. senators
64. ____ The settlement house and women's club movements were crucial centers of female progressive activity because they
a) provided literary and philosophical perspectives on social questions
b) broke down the idea that women had special concerns as wives and mothers
c) introduced many middle-class women to a broader array of urban social problems and civic concerns
d) helped slum children learn to read Dante and Shakespeare
e) became the launching pads for women seeking political office
65. ____ Which of the following was not among the issues addressed by women in the progressive movement?
a) ending special regulations governing women in the workplace
b) preventing child labor in factories and sweatshops
c) insuring that food products were healthy and safe
d) attacking tuberculosis and other diseases bred in slum tenements
e) creating pensions for mothers with dependent children
66. ____ In Muller vs. Oregon, the Supreme Court upheld the principle promoted by progressives like Florence Kelly and Louis
Brandeis that
a) child labor under the age of fourteen should be prohibited
b) the federal government should regulate occupational safety and health
c) factory labor should be limited to the hours a day, five days a week
d) female workers should receive equal pay for equal work
e) female workers required special rules and protection on the job
67. ____The public outcry after the horrible Triangle Shirtwaist fire led many states to pass
a) mandatory fire escape plans for all business employing more than ten people
b) safety regulations and workmen's compensation laws for job injuries
c) restrictions on female employment in the clothing industry
d) zoning regulations governing where factories could be located
e) laws guaranteeing unions the right to raise safety concerns
68. ____Progressive reformers were mainly men and women from the
a) middle class b) lower class
c) upper class
d) new wave of immigrants
e) small towns
69. ____ Theodore Roosevelt helped to end the 1902 strike in the anthracite coal mines by
a) using the military to force the miners back to work
b) passing legislation making the miners' union illegal
c) helping the mine owners to import strike-breakers
d) appealing to mine owners' and workers' sense of the public interest
e) threatening to seize the mines and to operate them with federal troops
70. ____Match each 1912 presidential candidate below with his political party.
A. Woodrow Wilson
1. Socialist
B. Theodore Roosevelt
2. Democratic
C. William Howard Taft 3. Republican
D. Eugene V. Debs
4. Progressive
A) A—1, B—2, C—4, D—3 B) A—1, B—3, C—4, D—2
E) A—2, B—4, C—3, D—l
C) A—4, B—3, C—2, D—l D) A—3, B—1, C—2, D—4