Download Multiple Choice Quizzes/Exams – Integrate

Multiple Choice Quizzes/Exams – Integrate knowledge.
Chapter XI (1945-1960)
1. In a famous 1947 article in Foreign A airs, George Kennan argued that the United States should pursue a policy of
(A) neutrality
(B) one worldism
(C) isolationism
(D) containment
(E) multilateralism
2. The commitment of the American government to the state of Israel was determined in
(A) Lebanese Civil War began
(B) state of Israel was founded
(C) CIA overthrew the government of Iran
(D) Palestine Liberation Organization was founded
(E) Eisenhower Doctrine was announced
3. The Marshall Plan was successful because it
(A) lasted for twenty years
(B) created the National Security Agency
(D) sparked western Europe's industrial recovery
(E) required European nations to solve their balance of payments problems
(C) prohibited loans to the Soviet Union
4. Im
mediately after World War II, the United States government’s policy regarding atomic energy called for
(A) destruction of all nuclear weapons
(B) a nuclear arms proliferation agreement
(C) control of all fissionable materials by an international agency
(D) the abandonment by the Soviet Union of its nuclear program
(E) an end to Third World programs of nuclear research
5. The above cartoon is a critique of the
(A) Eisenhower Doctrine
(B) Nixon Doctrine (C) Carter Doctrine (D) Truman Doctrine
(E) Reagan Doctrine
6. In 1934, the actor and opera singer, Paul Robeson, said that "I feel like a human being for the first time....Here I am not a Negro but a human being."
In this quotation, Robeson referred to his life in which country?
(A) France
(B) Ghana
(C) Liberia
(D) the Soviet Union
(E) Cuba
(B) Ghan
7. One reason that the United States supported the French colonial regime in Vietnam after World War II was that
(A) Mao Zedong was victorious in the Chinese Civil War
(B) Bao Dai was known for his democratic tendencies
(C) Vietnam was an important trade partner for the United States
(D) the United States agreed at Yalta to protect the French empire
(E) the United States was rewarding the French government for its support during World War II
8. Despite high unemployment immediately after World War II, the United States economy thrived, largely due to
(A) continued government subsidies
(B) personal savings and the availability of easy credit
(C) the absence of strikes
(D) stable prices
(E) a rise in real income
9. President Truman labeled the Eightieth Congress as the "do nothing Congress" because it
(A) enacted very little legislation
(B) was overwhelmingly liberal
(C) was solidly Republican
(D) rejected most of his legislative agenda
(E) met for only three months
10. Segregationists had the choice of anti-integrationist candidates for president in both the 1948 and 1968 elections. Their choices in these two
campaigns were, respectively,
(A) Thomas Dewey and George McGovern
(B) Henry Wallace and John Anderson
(C) Henry Wallace and Richard Nixon
(D) J. Strom Thurmond and George Wallace
(E) J. Strom Thurmond and Henry Wallace
11. All of the following demonstrate the importance of the 1940's to the advancemeM of rights for African-Americans EXCEPT the
(A) entry of Jackie Robinson into major league baseball
(B) publication of Gunnar Myrdal's An American Dilemma
(C) establishment of the Justice Department's Civil Rights Division
(D) creation of the NAACP's Legal Defense Fund
(E) founding of "freedom schools" in Mississippi !
12. During the 1940's, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) tried to destroy the "separate but equal" doctrine by
(A) insisting on its literal interpretation by the courts
(B) promoting affirmative action legislation
(C) lobbying for special interest legislation
(D) urging the Supreme Court to legislate an end to segregation
(E) persuading the president to interfere with the courts
13. President Truman removed General Douglas MacArthur from command of the American forces in Korea for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
(A) insubordination to the Commander-in-Chief
(B) the risk of drawing China further into the war
(C) the risk of drawing the Soviet Union into more active support of North Korea
(D) MacArthur's suggestion that Truman was guilty of appeasement
(E) MacArthur's lack of bold military initiatives
14. In the presidential campaign of 1952, General Dwight Eisenhower promised that if elected president he would
(A) bomb China
(B) withdraw American forces from Korea
(C) give the American generals greater authority to wage the war (D) conduct total war against Korea
(E) visit Korea personally
15. In terms of the number of dollars spent, the largest public works program in American history was the
(A) Works Projects Administration
(B) Public Works Administration
(C) Civilian Conservation Corps
(D) Interstate Highway Program
(E) Volunteers in Service to America
16. The loyalty of J. Robert Oppenheimer, the physicist who directed the atomic bomb project during World War ll, was questioned by the Eisenhower
administration because he
(A) opposed the hydrogen bomb project
(B) was a member of the Communist Party of the United States
(C) did not meet the standards of the Communist Control Act
(D) conflicted with the Smith Act
(E) was convicted of perjury
17. In response to Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus' decision in 1957 to resist desegregation in Little Rock's Central High School, President Eisenhower
(A) publicly supported the governor (B) fired Governor Faubus
(C) federalized the Arkansas National Guard
(D) arrested the governor
(E) argued that "separate but equal" should be declared constitutional
18. The creation of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in 1960 was directly inspired by
(A) antiwar protests
(B) the sit-in movement
(C) the speeches of Malcolm X
(D) the Freedom Riders
(E) President Kennedy's commitment to Civil Rights
19. In response to the Soviet Union's launch of the first satellite into outer space in 1957, the United States government
(A) passed the National Defense Education Act (NDEA) to upgrade the study of mathematics, science and foreign languages
(B) ended the joint American-Soviet occupation of Austria
(C) agreed with the Soviet Union to pursue peaceful coexistence
L
(D) detonated the world's largest hydrogen bomb on the island of Bikini
t:
(E) reinforced the defense of two islands near the People's Republic of China _
20. The Eisenhower Doctrine, a policy which stated that the United States would intervene if a government was threatened by communism, was first
implemented in
:.
(A) Iran
(B) Israel
(C) Lebanon
(D) Turkey
(E) Saudi Arabia
21. Just prior to leaving office in 1961, President Eisenhower warned the nation to guard against the "potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced
power" in the hands of the W
(A) American communist party (B) Soviet Union
(E) Central Intelligence Agency
(C) labor unions
(D) military-industrial complex
22. The cornerstones of post-World War II economic growth included all of the following EXCEPT
(A) the baby boom
(B) the construction industry (C) the automobile
(D) military spending (E) family farms
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23. Levittown, a phenomenon of the 1940's, is an example of a
(A) standardized suburban housing development
(B) fast growing university town
(C) rural community annexed by a major city
(D) small town linked to a major city by interstate highways
(E) government supported public housing project
24. The above photograph of Sen. Joseph McCarthy with a map of alleged communists in America was shown to Americans during the first
Congressional hearings ever broadcast on television. The branch of government under attack in the televised
(A) State Department
(B) Justice Department
(C) Agriculture Department
(D) United States Army
(E) Central Intelligence Agency
25. Popular culture in the l950's was increasingly dominated by television. All of the following were widely viewed TV
programs of the l950's EXCEPT
(A) The Jackie Gleason show
(B) Leave It To Beaver
(C) The Micky Mouse Club
(D) I Love Lucy
(E)Rebel Without A Cause
26. In place of President Eisenhower's policy of massive retaliation against the Soviet Union, President Kennedy substituted the policy of
(A) détente
(B) flexible response (C) national liberation
(D) bipolarism
(E) multilateralism
27. President Kennedy responded to the Cub m Missile Crisis of 1962 by employing
(A) a surgical air strike
(B) a full-scale naval invasion
(C) public negotiations with the Soviet Union
(D) a naval quarantine
(E) direct negotiations with Fidel Castro
Document Based Questions (DBQs) – Integrate historical thinking skills.
Using the documents below (suggested documents B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K and L) and outside historical knowledge answer the following
question:
To what extent was the US government justified in limiting constitutional rights after WWII. Limit your answer to 1947-1960 period.
or
The Anti-Communist Crusade of the 1950s was a response to real and sometimes imagined threats to US foreign and domestic policy during
late 1940s and 1950s. Assess the validity of the statement.
Document A – Tom Lehrer, song lyrics “The Wild West Is where I Want to Be”-- 1953
Along the trail you’ll find me lopin’
Where the spaces are wide open,
In the land of the old A.E.C.
Where the scenery’s attractive,
And the air is radioactive,
Oh, the wild west is where I want to be.
‘Mid the sagebrush and the cactus
I’ll watch the fellers practice
Droppin’ bombs through the clean desert breeze
I’ ll have on my sombrero,
And of course I’ll wear a pair o’
Levis over my lead B.V.D.’s.
Document B – Arthur Miller. The Crucible , 1952
PROCTOR: I speak my own sins; I cannot judge another. (crying out, with hatred): I have no tongue for it….
DANFORTH (considers; then with dissatisfaction): Come, then, sign your testimony….Come, man, sign it.
PROCTOR (after glancing at the confession): You have all witnessed it—it is enough.
DANFORTH: You will not sign it?
PROCTOR: You have all witnessed it; what more is needed?
PROCTOR: Damn the village! I confess to God, and God has seen my name on this! It is enough.
DANFORTH: No, sir, it is-----------PROCTOR: You came to save my soul, did you not? Here! I have confessed myself; it is enough!
Document C - Judge Irving Kaufman, sentencing of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg—April 5, 1951
“…I consider your crime worse than murder. Plain deliberate contemplated murder is dwarfed in magnitude by comparison with the crime you have
committed. In committing the act of murder, the criminal kills only his victim. The immediate family is brought to grief and when justice is meted out the
chapter is closed. But in your case, I believe your conduct in putting into the hands of the Russians the A-bomb years before our best scientists
predicted Russia would perfect the bomb has already caused, in my opinion, the Communist aggression in Korea, with the resultant casualties
exceeding 50,000 and who knows but that millions more of innocent people may pay the price of your treason.”
Document D – Joseph Mc Carthy. Lincoln Day Speech--February 9, 1950 (reconstruction of the speech inserted into the Congressional Record)
“…The reason why we find ourselves in a position of impotency is not because our only powerful potential enemy has sent men to invade our shores, but
rather because of the traitorous actions of those who have been treated so well by this Nation. It has not been the less fortunate or members of minority
groups who have been selling this Nation out, but rather those who had all the benefits that the wealthiest nation on earth has to offer—the finest homes,
the finest college education, and the finest jobs in Government we can give. This is glaringly true in the State Department. There the bright young men
who are born with the silver spoons in their mouths are the ones who have been worst….I have in my hand 57 cases of individuals who would appear to
be either card carrying members or certainly loyal to the Communist Party, but who nevertheless are still helping to shape our foreign policy.
Document E – Hollywood Studios statement to HUAC
Members of the Association of Motion Picture Producers deplore the action of the ten Hollywood men who had been cited for contempt. We do not
desire to prejudge their legal rights, but their actions have been disservice to their employers and have impaired the usefulness to the industry. We will
forthwith discharge or suspend without compensation those in our employ and we will not re-employ any of the ten until such time as he is acquitted or
has purged himself of contempt and decraes under oath that he is not a Communist.
Document F -- Alger Hiss Statement to Committee in Un-American Activities—August 5, 1948
I am not and never have been a member of the Communist Party. I do not and never adhered to the tenets of the Communist Party. I am not and never
have been a member of any Communist-front organization. I have never followed the Communist Party line, directly or indirectly. To the best of my
knowledge, none of my friends is a Communist.
Document G – Truman Loyalty Oath, 1947
PART V—STANDARDS
1. The standard for the refusal of employment or the removal from employment in an executive department or agency on grounds relating to loyalty shall
be that, on all the evidence, reasonable grounds exist for belief that the person involved is disloyal to the Government of the United States.
2. Activities and associations of an applicant or employee which may be considered in connection with the determination of disloyalty may include one or
more of the following:
a. Sabotage, espionage, or attempts or preparations therefor, or knowingly associating with spies or saboteurs;
b. Treason or sedition or advocacy thereof;
c. Advocacy of revolution or force or violence to alter the constitutional form of government of the United States;
d. Intentional, unauthorized disclosure to any person, under circumstances which may indicate disloyalty to the United States, of documents or
information of a confidential or non-public character obtained by the person making the disclosure as a result of his employment by the Government of
the United States;
e. Performing or attempting to perform his duties, or otherwise acting, so as to serve the interests of another government in preference to the interests of
the United States.
f. Membership in, affiliation with or sympathetic association with any foreign or domestic organization, association, movement, group or combination of
persons, designated by the Attorney General as totalitarian, fascist, communist, or subversive, or as having adopted a policy of advocating or approving
the commission of acts of force or violence to deny other persons their rights under the Constitution of the United States, or as seeking to alter the form
of government of the United States by unconstitutional means.
Document H - The Alien Registration Act of 1940 or Smith Act
Whoever knowingly or willfully advocates, abets, advises, or teaches the duty, necessity, desirability, or propriety of overthrowing or destroying the
government of the United States or the government of any State, Territory, District or Possession thereof, or the government of any political subdivision
therein, by force or violence, or by the assassination of any officer of any such government; or
Whoever, with intent to cause the overthrow or destruction of any such government, prints, publishes, edits, issues, circulates, sells, distributes, or
publicly displays any written or printed matter advocating, advising, or teaching the duty, necessity, desirability, or propriety of overthrowing or destroying
any government in the United States by force or violence, or attempts to do so; or
Whoever organizes or helps or attempts to organize any society, group, or assembly of persons who teach, advocate, or encourage the overthrow or
destruction of any such government by force or violence; or becomes or is a member of, or affiliates with, any such society, group, or assembly of
persons, knowing the purposes thereof—
Shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than twenty years, or both, and shall be ineligible for employment by the United States or any
department or agency thereof, for the five years next following his conviction.
Document I – Poster for “Duck and Cover” featuring Bert the Turtle – 1951
Document J - Thomas Flannery, Baltimore Sun - 1957
“What was that?”
Document K - McCARRAN INTERNAL SECURITY ACT - September 23, 1950
SEC. 2. As a result of evidence adduced before various committees of the Senate and House of Representatives, the Congress hereby finds that(1) There exists a world Communist movement which, in its origins, its development, and its present practice, is a world-wide revolutionary movement
whose purpose it is, by treachery, deceit, infiltration into other groups (governmental and otherwise), espionage, sabotage, terrorism, and any other
means deemed necessary, to establish a Communist totalitarian dictatorship in the countries throughout the world through the medium of a world-wide
Communist organization. . . .
(4) The direction and control of the world Communist movement is vested in and exercised by the Communist dictatorship of a foreign country.
(15) The Communist movement in the United States is an organization numbering thousands of adherents, rigidly and ruthlessly disciplined. Awaiting
and seeking to advance a moment when the United States may be so far extended by foreign engagements, so far divided in counsel, or so far in
industrial or financial straits, that overthrow of the Government of the United States by force and violence may seem possible of achievement, it seeks
converts far and wide by an extensive system of schooling and indoctrination. Such preparations by Communist organizations in other countries have
aided in supplanting existing governments. The Communist organization in the United States, pursuing its stated objectives, the recent successes of
Communist methods in other countries, and the nature and control of the world Communist movement itself, present a clear and present danger to the
security of the United States and to the existence of free American institutions, and make it necessary that Congress, in order to provide for the common
defense, to preserve the sovereignty of the United States as an independent nation, and to guarantee to each State a republican form of government,
enact appropriate legislation recognizing the existence of such World-wide conspiracy and design to prevent it from accomplishing its purpose in the
United States. . . .
Document L-Herbert Block. McCarthyism. Washington Post, 1954