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1. PLANNING: The Subject Framework, Work Schedule and the Lesson Plan Below are examples of documents that constitute the three levels of planning. Schools that already have these documents are not compelled to change to these. They may use these documents to modify theirs if there are any major differences, or may simply continue with what they already have. It is important to note the relationship between a work schedule and a lesson plan. A lesson plan must be drawn from a work schedule. 5.1 SUBJECT FRAMEWORK Example of a Subject Framework for Mathematics Number and Number relationships LO 1 Grade 10 Rational and irrational numbers (integral) Exponents, surds Number patterns (general term linear) Grade 11 Real and non-real numbers (intuitive) (rational) Exponents and surds Number patterns (general term quadratic) Grade 12 Simple and compound growth Simple and compound decay Different periods of compounding Compound growth and decay – calculating the period (n) Application to annuities, bond repayments and sinking funds Investment and loan options Foreign exchange Logarithms (laws and use in real life situation) Using number patterns to solve problems geometric and arithmetic sequences Functions and Algebra LO 2 Grade 10 Exploring various types of functions, generalizing the effects of various parameters Grade 12 Exploring inverses of functions Use characteristic of various functions to draw their graphs Grade 11 Exploring various types of functions, generalizing the effects of various parameters – extending the types and the range of parameters Use characteristic of various functions to draw their graphs Algebraic manipulations including product and factors; algebraic fractions (monomial denominators) Algebraic manipulations including algebraic fractions (binomial denominators); completing the square Factorise 3rd degree polynomials – including examples requiring the factor theorem Solving equations: Linear Quadratic (by factorization) Exponential Solving equations: Quadratic (factorization/completing the square/formula) Use characteristic of various functions to draw their graphs Solving linear inequalities Simultaneous equations (both linear) Simultaneous equations (one linear and one quadratic) Mathematical modelling Mathematical modelling Average rate of change Average gradient; gradient at a point Differential Calculus: Instantaneous rate of change Limits concept (intuitive) Derivatives from 1st principles Rules for differentiation Tangents to graphs Curve sketching Optimisation problems in context Linear programming – determining the coordinates of the feasible region to solve optimisation problems Linear programming – the “search line” method to solve optimization problems LO 3 Grade 10 Grade 11 Volume and surface area of prisms and cylinders Volume and surface areas of pyramids, cones and spheres Geometry of triangles and quadrilaterals Similarity of triangles Analytical (co-ordinate) geometry Distance formula Gradient Midpoint Analytical (co-ordinate) geometry Equations of straight lines Inclination Analytical (co-ordinate) geometry Circles Tangents to circles Transformation geometry Horizontal and vertical translations Reflections in the x and y-axes, the line y=x Transformation geometry Rotations through an angle of 90° or 180° Enlargements Transformation geometry Rotation about the origin Preservation properties of transformation Trigonometry Special angle functions Fundamental identities Reduction formulae General solution of trig equations Sine-, cosine- and area rules Problems in two dimensions Trigonometry Compound angle identities Problems in two and three dimensions Historical development of geometry and trigonometry Historical development of geometry and trigonometry Familiarity with other geometries e.g. spherical , “taxi cab” - and fractal geometry Space, Shape and Measurement Grade 12 Trigonometry Definition of the basic functions Solving triangles and problems in two dimensions in context Historical development of geometry and trigonometry LO 4 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Data Handling and Probability Data analysis (descriptive statistics) Measures of central tendencies and spread (percentiles and quartiles) Representation of data Data analysis (descriptive statistics) Measures of central tendencies and spread Five number summary Representation of data Box and whisker plots Ogives Variance and standard deviation Scatter plots Data analysis (descriptive statistics) Measures of central tendencies and spread Representation of data Sampling Regression function Correlation coefficients Probability models and relative frequency Using Venn diagrams as an aid to solve probability problems Dependant and independent events Using Venn and tree diagrams as an aid to solve probability problems Generalise the fundamental counting principle Sources of bias; uses and misuses of data Making predictions from data analysis Investigative project Sources of bias; uses and misuses of data Making predictions from data analysis Skewed and symmetric data Investigative project Sources of bias; uses and misuses of data Making predictions from data analysis Normal distributions Investigative project Issues impacting on the subject framework Weighting Context Resources Describe the local context in which the school is situated Indicate in broad strokes available resources, e.g. Khanya laboratory, library, LTSM and how they will be utilised (see notes below) Policy issues Principles of the NCS Managing diversity Describe the implication of supporting policies and legislation e.g. White paper 6 and 7 on Inclusive education and e-education respectively Indicate in broad strokes how the principles of the NCS will be infused Indicate broad strategies to accommodate the differential needs of learners WORK SCHEDULES Western Cape Education Department DIRECTORATE: CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT FET NCS WORK SCHEDULE FOR GRADE 10 2009 SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS This work schedule is aligned to and must be read in conjunction with the Subject Statement and Subject Assessment Guideline MATHEMATICS: GRADE 10 (CORE ASSESSMENT STANDARDS ONLY): WORK SCHEDULE: 2009 TERM 1 WEEK 3 PRODUCTS – Binomial by WEEK 4 FACTORS – trinomials ; (linear general term) trinomial grouping 10.1.3 10.2.4 10.2.4 WEEK 1 WEEK 2 RATIONAL NUMBERS, NUMBER PATTERNS SURDS & EXPONENTS 10.1.1 & 10.1.2 Daily informal assessment/class work INVESTIGATION/ ASSIGNMENT(PoA) [10%] WEEK 12 WEEK 13 CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY Distance between two points Gradient of line-segment Midpoint of line-segment 10.3.3 WEEK 14 WEEK 15 PROPERTIES OF POLYGONS Conjectures and generalisations Disprove conjectures 10.3.2 WEEK 5 ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS Simplification of fractions – monomial denominator 10.2.4 WEEK 6 LINEAR EQUATIONS & INEQUALITIE S 10.2.5 WEEK 7 Systems of linear equations WEEK 8 Quadratic & Exponential Equations WEEK 9 REVISION & TEST WEEK 10+ 11 SCHOOL HOLIDAYS 10.2.5 Daily informal assessment/class Daily informal assessment/class work work TERM 2 WEEK 16 WEEK 17 WEEK 18 WEEK 19 Investigating characteristics & sketching the GRAPHS OF VARIOUS FUNCTIONS (linear; quadratic; hyperbolic; exponential) Investigate average rate of change 10.2.1 – 10.2.3 & 10.2.7 Daily informal assessment/class work CONTROLLED TEST(PoA) [10%] WEEK 20 WEEK 21 WEEK 22 MID-YEAR EXAMINATION(PoA) [30%] Daily informal assessment/class work Daily informal assessment/class work ASSIGNMENT/ INVESTIGATION(PoA) [10%] TERM 3 WEEK 25 WEEK 26 WEEK 27 WEEK 28 WEEK 29 WEEK 30 WEEK 31 WEEK 23 WEEK 24 Trigonometric functions SIMPLE & COMPOUND DATA HANDLING DATA HANDLING VOLUME & (definitions & applications) GROWTH FORMULAE: Represent data effectively SURFACE Collects, organises and Interest, hire purchase, Bar/ compound bar; AREA interprets univariate numerical Graphical representations of inflation, population growth, etc. histograms;freguency data trig. functions polygons;pie charts;line/broken Measures of central tendency line graph Measures of dispersion 10.1.4 – 10.1.5 10.4.1 10.3.1 10.3.5, 10.2.1 – 10.2.3 CONTROLLED TEST(PoA)[10%] Daily informal assessment/class work Daily informal assessment/class work PROJECT(PoA) [20%] TERM 4 WEEK 35 WEEK 36 WEEK 37 WEEK 38 WEEK 39 WEEK 40 WEEK 41 WEEK 33 WEEK 34 TRANSFORMATION SOLVING 2D PROBLEMS FINAL EXAMINATION GEOMETRY USING TRIG RATIOS Admin, Reflection & Planning (translation & reflection) (scale drawing, maps & for the coming year. building plans) 10.3.4 10.3.6 Daily informal assessment/class work ASSIGNMENT(PoA) [10%] Non-routine problems should be included in both informal and formal assessment tasks Modelling as a process should be embedded across all LO’s Revision should be integrated throughout Western Cape Education Department DIRECTORATE: CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT FET NCS WORK SCHEDULE FOR GRADE 11 2009 SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS This work schedule is aligned to and must be read in conjunction with the Subject Statement and Subject Assessment Guideline MATHEMATICS: GRADE 11 CORE ONLY: WORK SCHEDULE: 2009 TERM 1 WEEK 1 WEEK 2 WEEK 3 WEEK 4 WEEK 5 WEEK 6 WEEK 7 WEEK 8 WEEK 9 WEEK 10 & 11 Real & non-real numbers Exponents and Surds FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS Simple and compound decay straight line depreciation and depreciation on a reducing balance different periods of compounding growth and decay (including effective and nominal interest rates) NUMBER PATTERNS Quadratic general term AS 11.1.1 AS 11.1.4 – 11.1.5 11.1.3 ALGEBRA REVISION & TEST SCHOOL HOLIDAYS AS 11.2.4 – 11.2.5(a) and (b) AS 11.3.3 Daily informal assessment/class work Daily informal assessment/class work TEST (PoA) [10%] Manipulate algebraic expressions ; completing the square Solve quadratic equations by factorisation ; completing the square & formula Solve quadratic inequalities, Simultaneous equations in two unknowns, one of which is linear and one which is quadratic, algebraically and/or graphically Daily informal assessment/class work INVESTIGATION/ASSIGNMENT(PoA) [10%] TERM 2 WEEK 12 WEEK 13 CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY Equation of the straight line, inclination of a line WEEK 14 WEEK 15 TRIGONOMETRY Identities; Special Angles; Reduction formulae; negative angles Equations including specific and general solutions WEEK 16 WEEK 17 WEEK 18 TRANSFORMATIONS enlargement by a constant factor k rotating around the origin through an angle of 90 and 180 AS 11.3.3 (a) – (c) AS 11.3.4 Daily informal assessment/class work WEEK 19 WEEK 20 STATISTICS measures of central tendency & dispersion differentiate between symmetric and skewed data and make relevant deductions Bias and misuse of statistics AS 11.4.1 (a) ; WEEK 21 WEEK 22 MID-YEAR EXAMINATION Daily informal assessment/ class work/ INVESTIGATION/ASSIGNMENT (PoA) [10%] TERM 3 WEEK 23 WEEK 24 WEEK 25 WEEK 26 FUNCTIONS Recognises relationships between variables Generates as many graphs Identifies characteristics Average gradient between two points on a curve ; intuitive understanding of the concept of the gradient of a curve at a point WEEK 27 WEEK 28 SINE, AREA & COSINE RULES Solves problems in 2 - dimensions by constructing and interpreting geometrical and trigonometric models AS 11.3.5 (a – d) Daily informal assessment/ class work / PROJECT(PoA) [20%] WEEK 29 WEEK 30 WEEK 31 STATISTICS bivariate numerical data Scatter plots and intuitive lines of best fit. Bias and misuse of statistics VOLUME & SURFACE AREA Right pyramids, spheres, right cones & combinations of these 11.4.1 (b) AS 11.2.8 TEST[10%] Daily informal assessment/class work WEEK 32 TERM 4 WEEK 33 WEEK 34 WEEK 35 LINEAR PROGRAMMING Optimise a function in two variables subject to one or more linear constraint Determine the coordinates of the vertices of the feasible region WEEK 36 WEEK 37 REVISION OF BOTH PAPER 1 AND PAPER 2 WORK WEEK 38 WEEK 39 WEEK 40 FINAL EXAMINATION WEEK 41 Admin, Reflection & Planning for the year ahead Daily informal assessment/class work AS 11.4.2 REVISION ASSIGNMENT of all LO’s (PoA) [10%] Non-routine problems should be included in both informal and formal assessment tasks Modelling as a process should be embedded across all LO’s Revision should be integrated throughout AS 11.4.3 – 11.4.4 must be integrated into lessons on statistics where appropriate Western Cape Education Department DIRECTORATE: CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT FET NCS WORK SCHEDULE FOR GRADE 12 2009 SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS This work schedule is aligned to and must be read in conjunction with the Subject Statement and Subject Assessment Guideline MATHEMATICS: GRADE 12 CORE: WORK SCHEDULE: 2009 TERM 1 WEEK 1 WEEK 2 WEEK 3 WEEK 4 WEEK 5 WEEK 6 WEEK 7 WEEK 8 WEEK 9 WEEK 10 WEEK 11 NUMBER PATTERNS: SEQUENCES AND SERIES Solves problems involving number patterns, including arithmetic and geometric sequences and series ; Correctly interprets sigma notation ; Proves and correctly selects the formula for and calculates the sum of series FUNCTIONS, INVERSES AND LOGARITHMS FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS Calculates the value of n in the formula A=P(1 i) Formal definition of a function ; graphs of the inverse relations of functions, in particular the inverses of: y ax q ; y ax 2 ; y a x ; a 0 ; F WEEK 15 x[(1 i)n 1] and i WEEK 16 WEEK 17 CALCULUS AS 12.3.5 - 12.3.6 x[1 (1 i)n ] i AS 12.1.4 – 12.1.5 ASSIGNMENT (10%) TERM 2 ; WEEK 18 AS 12.3.3 CONTROLLED TEST (10%) WEEK 19 WEEK 20 WEEK 21 MID-YEAR EXAMINATION Factorise third degree polynomials Intuitive understanding of the limit ; Instantaneous rate of change ; Derivatives from first principles and rules: equations of tangents to graphs ; Sketch graphs of cubic functions ; (maxima, minima and points of inflection) ; Solves practical problems involving optimisation and rates of change Compound Angle Identities P analyses investment and loan options ; (including pyramid and microlenders’ schemes) AS 12.1.2 ; 12.2.1 – 12.2.3 Daily informal assessment/class work /INVESTIGATION/PROJECT (20%) ; WEEK 12 WEEK 13 WEEK 14 TRIGONOMETRY: Equation of a circle (any centre) Equation of a tangent to a circle given a point on the circle Applies knowledge of geometric series to solving annuity, bond repayment and sinking fund problems, with or without the use of the Determines which inverses are functions and how the domain of the original function needs to be restricted so that the inverse is also a function AS 12.1.3 CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY n WEEK 22 SEMESTER FINALISATION OF PORTFOLIOS (15%) AS 12.2.4 ; 12.2.7 Daily informal assessment/class work /ASSIGNMENT (10%) TERM 3 WEEK 23 WEEK 24 TRIGONOMETRY: Solves problems in 2 and 3 dimensions WEEK 25 WEEK 26 TRANSFORMATIONS WEEK 27 LINEAR PROGRAMMING uses the compound angle identities to generalise the effect on the co-ordinates of the point after rotation about the origin through an angle Rigid transformations (translations, reflections, rotations and glide reflections) preserve shape and size, enlargement preserves shape, but not size solves design and planning problems by optimising a function in two variables, subject to linear constraints, establishing optima by means of a search line and further comparing the gradients of the objective function and linear constraint boundary lines AS 12.3.4 AS 12.2.8 AS 12.3.6 WEEK 28 WEEK 29 WEEK 30 REVIEW WEEK 31 TRIAL EXAMINATION (25%) WEEK 32 TERM FINALISATION OF PORTFOLIOS Daily informal assessment/class work /CONTROLLED TEST (10%) TERM 4 WEEK 33 WEEK 34 WEEK 35 WEEK 36 WEEK 37 WEEK 38 WEEK 39 WEEK 40 REVIEW REVISION ASSIGNMENT of all LO’s FINAL EXAMINATION WEEK 41 WEEK 42 Non-routine problems should be included in both informal and formal assessment tasks Modelling as a process should be embedded across all LO’s Revision should be integrated throughout informal assessment must take place continuously 5.1 LESSON PLANS LESSON PLAN Grade:11 Subject: MATHEMATICS Duration: 3 weeks( week 33 – week 35) Educator: M. Bali (Mrs.) Assessment standard(s): 11.2.8 Content/context: Resources: LINEAR PROGRAMMING List Textbooks, papers, internet, e learning, multimedia Prior knowledge: straight lines; linear inequalities; representing lines/inequalities; simultaneous solutions. (New) Terminology: constraints; feasible region; objective function; optimisation; Teaching and learning activities (provide examples): examples of: drawing straight lines, presenting linear inequalities, words to inequalities, systems of linear inequalities, calc. vertices of feasible region(algebraically/ graphically), problems using tables, problems in words, problems from exemplar papers Reflection and feedback: Forms of assessment: homework/ classwork, short tests, assignment How did learners find LP? What worked well? How can I improve lesson/ material/ presentation/ learner participation? Was time allocation enough/ too much? Etc.