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Earth-Environmental Science Name: _______________________ Freshwater Distribution & the Water Cycle The Hydrosphere The hydrosphere includes all ____________________ on or near the Earth’s surface This includes water in the oceans, lakes, rivers, wetlands, polar ice caps, soil, rock layers beneath Earth’s surface, and clouds __________ of the Earth’s surface is covered in water The Earth’s Water • __________ of all of the water on Earth is found in the oceans • Due to the salt content of ocean water, we are unable to use it – Salt water can be cleaned by a process known as _________________________ • This leaves only __________ of the Earth’s water as freshwater • Only __________ of which is drinkable Freshwater Distribution The 2.8% of freshwater is divided into: – ______________________________ = 2.15% – Groundwater = __________ – ______________________ = 0.03% Surface Water Distribution The 0.03% of surface water is divided into: – _______________ = 0.017% – _______________ = 0.005% – Atmosphere = _______________ This refers to water vapor in the air – Streams = _______________ The Water Cycle Water constantly moves among the oceans, the atmosphere, the solid Earth, and the biosphere. This unending circulation of Earth’s water supply is the _________________________ Steps of the Water Cycle ___________________ – the process in which water pools in large bodies (like oceans, seas and lakes) ___________________ – the process in which water vapor (a gas) in the air turns into liquid water – Process by which water forms clouds in the sky – Process by which water drops form on the outside of a glass of icy water on a hot day ___________________ – the process in which liquid water becomes water vapor (a gas) – Water vaporizes from the surfaces of oceans and lakes, from the surface of the land, and from melts in snow fields ___________________ – the process in which water (in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail) falls from clouds in the sky ___________________ – the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area ___________________ – the process in which some water within plants evaporates into the atmosphere – Water is first absorbed by the plant's roots, then later exits by evaporating through pores in the plant.