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Science Unit Test
Write ALL answers on answer sheet.
Do NOT write on this paper.
1. Which of the following lists Earth, Jupiter, the Moon, and the Sun in order from
largest to smallest?
A. Jupiter, Earth, Sun, Moon
B. Sun, Jupiter, Earth, Moon
C. Sun, Jupiter, Moon, Earth
D. Jupiter, Sun, Earth, Moon
2. What causes day and night on Earth?
A. Earth’s rotation on its axis
B. The Sun’s revolution around Earth
C. Earth’s revolution around the Sun
D. The Sun’s rotation on its axis
3. The diagram below represents the Sun and planets of our solar system.
Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun and make up the solar system.
Which planet on the above diagram represents Earth?
A. G
B. H
C. K
D. M
4. Which of the following planets has the shortest orbit around the Sun?
A.
Earth
B. Mars
C. Mercury
D. Venus
5. How long ago did the Big Bang occur?
A. 6 billion years ago
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B. 4 million years ago
C. 15 million years ago
D. 14 billion years ago
6. What is happening to the Universe at this time?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It is expanding
It is contracting
It is staying the same
It is shrinking
7. The diagram below represents Earth’s orbit around the Sun.
About how long does it take Earth to make one complete orbit around the Sun?
A. 24 hours
B. 7 days
C. 1 month
D. 365 ¼ days
8. Which of the following lists is in order from smallest to largest?
A. universe > solar system > galaxy
B. solar system > universe > galaxy
C. galaxy > solar system > universe
D. solar system > galaxy > universe
9. According to some scientists, what might happen to the Universe in the future?
A. It will continue to expand
B. It will stop and stay the same
C. It will contract back to a single dense ball
D. It will disappear
10. What is a galaxy made of?
A. gas, dust & dirt
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B. gas, dust & stars
C. stars, gas & ice
D. rocks, moons & planets
11. Who was the first astronomer to discover a galaxy?
A. Stephen Hawking
B. Edwin Hubble
C. Neil Armstrong
D. Galileo
12. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship between galaxies,
the universe and solar systems?
B.
A.
C.
D.
..
universe
galaxies
13. How can scientists determine the temperature of stars?
A. color
B. distance
C. size
D. with a thermometer
14. Where are stars “born”?
A. in black holes
B. in a nebula
C. in Earth’s atmosphere
15. What are stars made of?
A. ice & dust
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B. glowing gases
C. dirt & ice
D. dirt & dust
D. in a hospital
16. The temperature of a blue star is:
A. cool
B. warm
C. hot
D. frozen
17. The temperature of a yellow star is:
A. cool
B. warm
C. hot
D. frozen
C. hot
D. frozen
18. The temperature of a red star is:
A. cool
B. warm
19. What is an asteroid?
A. a large chunk of rock & metal that orbits the Sun and is smaller than a planet
B. a ball of ice, rock and frozen gases that orbits the Sun
C. a chunk of rock and metal that reaches the Earth’s atmosphere
D. cloud of gas and dust
20.- 22. Which “M” is it? Write the letter that identifies each object.
A. meteor
B. meteoroid
C. meteorite
22.
20.
..
21.
23. What is a comet?
A. a small chunk of rock, metal & bits of dust
C. a large chunk of rock and metal
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B. a ball of ice, rock and frozen gases
D. cloud of gas and dust
24. What is a light year?
A. the distance light can travel in one year
B. the speed light travels in one year
C. the average distance between the sun and the Earth
D. the brightness of a star
25. What is an astronomical unit (AU)?
A. the distance light can travel in one year
B. how fast light can travel in one year
C. the average distance between the Sun and the Earth
D. the brightness of a star
26. What causes the seasons on Earth?
A. the speed of Earth’s orbit
B. Earth’s rotation
C. Earth’s axial tilt
D. distance of the Earth to the Sun
27. Which diagram best represents the tilt of the Earth’s axis?
A.
B.
C.
28. The Moon orbits Earth at a speed of approximately one kilometer per second.
The Moon is kept in orbit by which of the following?
A. gravity
B. lunar phases
C.
magnetism
D. ocean tides
29. How far away is the Sun from the Earth?
A. 93 million miles
B. 500, 000 miles
C. 1 million miles
D. 238, 860 miles
30. The asteroid belt is located between the planets of ______ and_____.
A. Mars & Earth
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B. Mars & Saturn
C. Mars & our moon
D. Mars & Jupiter
31. What does geocentric theory mean?
A. The idea that the sun and other objects revolve around the Earth
B. The idea that the Earth and other objects revolve around the Sun
32. What does heliocentric theory mean?
A. The idea that the sun and other objects revolve around the Earth
B. The idea that the Earth and other objects revolve around the Sun
33. Which model best represents the correct model of our solar system?
A.
B.
S
E
E
C.
E
34. Which ancient astronomer believed in the geocentric theory?
A. Copernicus
B. Galileo
C. Ptolemy
D. Kepler
35. Which astronomer was the first to suggest the heliocentric theory?
A. Copernicus
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B. Galileo
C. Ptolemy
D. Kepler
36. What is the name of the brightest star in our night sky?
A. Polaris
B. Sirius
C. Proxima Centauri
D. Sun
37. What is the name of the closest star in our night sky?
A. Polaris
B. Sirius
C. Proxima Centauri
D. Sun
38. What is the name of the North Star?
A. Polaris
B. Sirius
C. Proxima Centauri
D. Sun
39. Apparent magnitude is:
A. the actual brightness of a star
B. how bright a star appears from Earth
40. Absolute magnitude is
A. the actual brightness of a star
B. how bright a star appears from Earth
41 - 42. The diagrams below represents the Earth’s orbital path.
41. Which diagram represents perihelion?
42. Which diagram represents aphelion?
B.
A.
S
S
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47. - 58. Write the objects in our solar system in order from our Sun.
47.___________________________
53._________________________
48. __________________________
54. _________________________
49.__________________________
55._________________________
50.__________________________
56._________________________
51.__________________________
57._________________________
52. __________________________
58._________________________
59. Open Response Choose ONE (A or B)
Describe in detail and complete sentences how gravity affects either
Open
Answer
A. Response
stars and galaxies
OR
B. planets and other objects in our solar system
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Name __________________________________________June 18, 2015
Period ____ Score
ANSWER SHEET FOR MULTIPLE CHOICE
Write the letter of the correct answer on the lines below for the MC questions.
1. _________
15. _________
29. _________
2. _________
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Short Answers
43. Circle the 3 basic types of galaxies.
round
elliptical
circular
spiral
rectangular
irregular
44. Which of the above galaxies has less gravity? ________________________
45. Which object is in the center of our solar system? ___________ 46.Why? _____________
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