Download Muscular System Review Packet

Muscular System Review Packet
Anatomy & Physiology
Name_____________________________
Period #_______
1. On the diagrams below, draw a line to and label the muscles using the word
bank below. You only need to label the muscle on either the posterior or anterior
diagram. You can use the letter at the end of the line that you draw.
a. orbicularis oris
d. sternocleidomastoid
g. rectus femoris
j. adductor muscle
m. masseter
p. trapezius
s. latissimus dorsi
v. triceps brachii
b. pectoralis major
e. biceps brachii
h. sartorius
k. temporalis
n. tibialis anterior
q. gluteus maximus
t. deltoid
w. buccinator
c. external oblique
f. deltoid
i. gracilis
l. orbicularis oculi
o. rectus abdominus
r. gastrocnemius
u. biceps femoris
x. occipitalis
2. Number the following muscle structures in order from largest to smallest:
______myofibril
______myofilament
______muscle
______muscle fiber
______sarcomere
______fascicle
3. Label the diagram below with the following: myofibril, fascicle, epimysium,
endomysium, perimysium, fiber, tendon
5. What is the difference between actin and myosin?
6. What produces striations in muscle fibers?
7. Draw and label a sarcomere below. Include the following labels:
I band
actin
A band
sarcomere
H zone
Z line
myosin
8. What is the name of the site on a muscle fiber where a motor neuron connects?
9. Name the neurotransmitter that stimulates muscle contraction:
10. Physiologically, what causes a muscle contraction to stop?
11. What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction?
12. Explain the sliding filament theory.
13. What causes muscle fatigue?
Use the key below to match the description with the type of muscle for #15-24.
Some numbers might have more than one letter. For these, write BOTH letters on
the blank.
a. skeletal muscle
b. smooth muscle
c. cardiac muscle
15. ________ striated
16. ________ involuntary
17. ________muscle of the heart
18. ________found in antagonistic pairs
19. ________non-striated
20. ________fibers are short, branched, and interconnected
21. ________intercalated discs allow for “all-or-none” contractions
22. ________facilitate locomotion
23. ________joined to bones by tendons
24. ________lines the viscera of the body
25. Why is it that smooth muscle appears smooth even though it contains both
actin and myosin?
26. What is the difference between origin and insertion?
27. What happens with the origin and insertion (in terms of movement) during a
muscle contraction?
28. Why do muscles always work in antagonistic pairs?
Use the term bank below to answer the following. Some muscles may be used more
than once or not all.
a. orbicularis oris
d. sternocleidomastoid
g. rectus femoris
j. adductor muscle
m. masseter
p. trapezius
s. latissimus dorsi
v. triceps brachii
b.
e.
h.
k.
n.
q.
t.
x.
pectoralis major
biceps brachii
sartorius
temporalis
tibialis anterior
gluteus maximus
deltoid
buccinator
c. external oblique
f. deltoid
i. gracilis
l. orbicularis oculi
o. rectus abdominus
r. gastrocnemius
u. biceps femoris
y. occipitalis
29. ________ circular muscle that blinks and closes the eye
30. ________ abducts, flexes, and extends the humerus
31. ________ posterior arm, opposite biceps brachii
32. ________ flexes neck and rotates head
33. ________ most prominent muscle of the back
34. ________ circular muscle around the lips
35. ________ sides of face in front of ear
36. ________ fan-shaped muscle of the chest
37. ________ flexes forearm at elbow and rotates hand laterally
38. ________ allows one to be able to “shrug” shoulders
39. ________ the “six-pack”
40. ________ runs diagonally from the hip to the medial surface of the tibia