Download Adapt Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best

Adapt
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. We might commonly refer to a poikilothermic animal as
a. primitive
c. reptiles
b. cold-blooded
d. small
2. The process of gaining heat from the environment
a. is cheap metabolically
d. a and b
b. is associated with both homeotherms and e. a, b and c
poikilotherms
c. is pretty much the only source of heat for
poikilotherms
3. The concept of thermoneutral zone applies primarily to
a. homeotherms
d. poikilotherms
b. ectotherms
e. a and c
c. endothermic organisms
4. Which of these animals would you expect to have the narrowest thermoneutral zone?
a. a sea otter
c. an arctic fox
b. a human
d. a polar bear
5. Counter-current heat exchange circulatory mechanisms exist in
a. humans
d. certain insects
b. certain sea mammals
e. b and c
c. some fish
6. Heat transfer mechanisms are important in regulation of body temperature in
a. certain insects
d. sea lions
b. humans
e. all of these
c. fish
7. Feathers are thought to have evolved
a. from scales of certain reptiles
c. as a mechanism to maintain body
temperature
b. from hair in mammals
d. a and c
8. A plant form which might be an advantage in a cold, dry climate would involve
a. an open form
c. a compact form with dark foliage
b. small, finely cut leaves
d. ability to grow tall enough that foliage
would be exposed to sunlight, even in the
winter
9. Countercurrent circulatory patterns
a. may exist in both poikilothermic and
c. may be involved in thermoregulation
homothermic animals
b. are an adaptation providing for exchange d. all of these
of heat generated in active tissues with
less active tissues
10. Multiple forms of the same enzyme with different thermal optima
a. could be a wasteful adaptation in
c. have been associated with such vital
homeotherms
functions as neural control of muscle
function
b. might be an advantage to poikilotherms
d. all of these
living in a temperate environment
11. A major source of body heat in many poikilothermic organisms is through endothermic sources.
a. true
b. false
12. With their ability to inhabit many environments world wide humans have a broad thermoneutral zone.
a. true
____ 13. Torpor may occur in
a. bears if they do not eat enough honey
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b. false
c. Gavilan College students if they get lost
on an ecology field trip
b. humming birds as a means to survive brief d. your pet cat if it consumes too much cat
cold periods in the absence of sufficient
nip
metabolic energy resources
The primary role of pigments in plant leaves is to
a. decrease light scattering
c. protect the cells from UV light
b. absorb light energy and enable its transfer d. both a and c
to chemical bonds
C4 grasses are best adapted to
a. polar regions
c. dry tropical savannah
b. high alpine meadows
d. shallow bodies of fresh water
Plants with darkly pigmented leaves would most likely be found
a. in more northerly latitudes
c. deep in a cave
b. exposed to the bright sun on a southd. in a desert location
facing slope
An issue faced by plants with C3 photosynthetic pathways involves balancing water loss with maintaining a
high level of CO2 within leaf tissues.
a. true
b. false
Under anoxic conditions
a. organisms may shift to anaerobic
c. algae develops in excessive amounts on
processes resulting in production of large
the surface of lakes.
amounts of carbon dioxide.
b. fermentative pathways may result in
d. the economy tends towards entropy.
production of such metabolic end products
as ethanol and methane.
Stomata
a. allow the escape of iron for the leaf of a
c. are surrounded by mesophyll cells
plant
b. are tiny openings allowing gas exchange d. are responsible for the production of
through the surface of plant leaves
cuticular wax in plants
Which of the following is a product of respiration?
a. energy
c. water
b. carbon dioxide
d. all of these
Modifications of photosynthesis
a. allow for an increased water efficiency in c. allow for efficient photosynthesis in cold
some groups of plants
environments
b. allow them to continue capturing light
d. encourage photorespiration
energy, even in the dark
An issue faced by plants with C3 photosynthetic pathways involves balancing water loss with maintaining a
high level of CO2 within leaf tissues.
a. true
b. false
Alternatives to C3 photosynthesis have evidently evolved more than once.
a. true
b. false
Overall, water movement from the soil, through plant tissues, and finally to the atmosphere through
transpiration is driven by a gradient of
a. water potential
c. water temperature
b. osmotic pressure
d. specific leaf area
___________ temperature controls the rates of photosynthesis and respiration
a. soil
c. leaf
b. air
d. root
A plant adapted to a dry, sunny environment might be expected to have
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a. thin, flexible leaves
c. a minimal root system
b. large leaves
d. small, or no leaves
Plants can reduce water loss by
a. closing stomata
c. growing more slowly
b. growing larger leaves
d. increasing photosynthesis
The dropping of body temperature to approximately ambient temperature for a short period of time in order
to conserve energy is called
a. torpor
c. hibernation
b. diapause
d. becoming inert
What is an advantage of homeotherms?
a. high caloric intake
c. activity regardless of external temperature
b. maximum allocation of energy to growth d. wide fluctuations in body temperature
The regulation of body temperature by internal metabolism occurs in which of these categories of animals?
a. endothermic
c. poikilotherms
b. ectotherms
d. homeostasis
Maintenance of thermal homeostasis in poikilotherms involves feedback mechanisms amongst various body
systems.
a. True
b. False
In ruminants extraction of nutrients involves a complex digestive systems in which food items are initially
introduced into a ‘fermentation vat’ - the rumen - then after regurgitation and further mastication passes into
a region known as the omasum.
a. True
b. False
Carnivores usually have longer intestines and more complex stomachs than herbivores.
a. True
b. False
____ 34. Coprophagy is the re-ingestion of certain types of fecal material for further extraction of nutrients
a. True
b. False
____ 35. Movement of a simple, single celled organism from a fresh water habitat to a salt water habitat would result
in a net loss of water from the cell of the organism.
a. True
b. False
____ 36. The basal metabolic rate per unit of body mass is highest in a
a. large endoderm
c. large ectotherms
b. small endoderm
d. small ectotherms