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Class: ___________________
Social Studies 5
Name: ______________________________#____
Date: __________________
Ponce de Leon
PARTNER B Juan
By Sharon Fabian
There are lots of interesting sights to see in _________________________. You probably already know about
Disney's Magic Kingdom, Sea World, and Busch Gardens, but once you are touring Florida you might also notice
that there are some interesting historical attractions.
1
St. Augustine, Florida, is the___________________ city in the United States. It was established even before the
colonial city of Jamestown. In 1513, the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon landed near the present site of St.
Augustine, although it would not be settled until about ____________________.
2
You will come across the name Ponce de Leon again if you stop to tour Florida's tallest lighthouse. The
lighthouse is built on an inlet formerly called Mosquito Inlet where many ships had wrecked in the past. The
_______________________was built as a warning to sailing ships, and surely it saved many lives. It is now named
Ponce de Leon Inlet Station, and it is visited by about 200,000 tourists each year.
3
You can even see a small Ponce de Leon attraction without leaving home, since he is featured on a 20 cent US
postage stamp.
4
5
So, who is Juan Ponce de Leon and what is he famous for?
Juan Ponce de Leon was born in about 1460 in __________________. He sailed with Christopher Columbus on
his second voyage to _________________, but instead of returning with Columbus to Spain, he stayed on the
island of Santo Domingo, now the Dominican Republic, to begin a Spanish colony there. He sailed to Puerto Rico
and other islands, claiming them for Spain too. For a while he was the governor of Puerto Rico, but that didn't last
for long. Some reports say that he was removed from office because of his cruel treatment of the
_____________________________ there. Other accounts report that Christopher Columbus' son, Diego Columbus,
had him thrown out so that he could be governor instead.
6
In 1513, at Easter time, Ponce de Leon landed in Florida, near the present city of St. Augustine. He named it
Pascua de Florida, meaning feast of flowers, and _________________Florida for Spain too. At the time he thought
that Florida was another ______________________.
7
Wherever he went, Ponce de Leon ______________________ with the Native Americans. Native Americans
had well-established communities in Florida by the time Ponce de Leon arrived, and had already been settled in
Florida for over a thousand years. Their communities were large, with many social and political activities. They
raised crops, built canoes, and fished. It's not surprising that they rebelled when Ponce de Leon showed up and
announced that he was taking over. Nearly everywhere he went, Ponce de Leon met with heavy resistance from
Native American _____________________.
8
Ponce de Leon also made a second voyage, this time around the tip of Florida to settle on the gulf coast on
Florida's west side. Again his mission was to begin a permanent settlement there, but that wasn't his only reason for
exploring the New World.
9
Like many explorers of his time, Ponce de Leon had heard stories about fortunes in __________________
being discovered in America, and he too was searching for wealth and fame. Many accounts say that he was also
searching for a "__________________of youth" that he had heard rumors about.
10
Wherever he tried to ___________________, Ponce de Leon continued to meet with fierce resistance from
Native Americans already settled there. In one fight he was wounded by an arrow, and later he died from the
wound. Ponce de Leon is remembered as the European discoverer of Florida.
11
Hernando Cortes
By Sharon Fabian
Hernando Cortes was born in Europe during the Renaissance. Of the many exciting options open to a young man of his time, he
chose a career at sea.
1
2
In 1504, he joined other Spanish adventurers and sailed to Hispaniola in the New World. Today Hispaniola is known as the
Dominican Republic and Haiti. It is off the coast of Mexico.
3
Cortes already had big plans. Soon, his plans began to come true when he was hired by Governor Velasquez of Hispaniola to
lead an expedition into Mexico. Cortes started to assemble ships, men, supplies, and weapons for the journey. It appeared that he
had more in mind than just a voyage of discovery and trade.
4
Governor Velasquez soon became suspicious of Cortes' plans and told Cortes that he was no longer in charge of the expedition.
Cortes went right ahead with his plans anyway. In fact, he left as fast as possible, before the governor could have him stopped.
5
He sailed to the coast of Mexico. Once on land, he began to make alliances with native tribes there. He found many people who
were willing to join his expedition and who were willing to help him. He found people who could act as translators, too.
6
He also began to hear rumors that he had heard before - rumors that said the Native Americans of Mexico had gold, lots of gold.
He learned that it was the Aztecs, who lived further inland, who were known for their beautiful objects crafted from gold. He
learned, too, that their empire was centered in their capital city of Tenochtitlan. Along with his native allies, Cortes set off for the
Aztec capital.
7
He soon arrived at the magnificent city. It was a spacious city built on an island. The city design included wide causeways and
canals. Its buildings, including the king's palace and a large pyramid, were constructed of stone.
8
Montezuma, the Aztec king, welcomed Cortes and his troops. He gave Cortes and his men gifts made of gold and precious
gems. Although they treated Cortes' party as guests, they must have also been suspicious of their intentions.
9
Soon enough, the Aztec people discovered the true intentions of Cortes. Cortes captured Montezuma. He attempted to rule the
Aztec Empire through Montezuma. He seized the Aztecs' gold. He destroyed Aztec temples.
10
Cortes was enjoying his new wealth and power, but soon, his past came back to haunt him. Cortes learned that Governor
Velasquez had sent 1,400 troops to arrest him for disobeying orders. Cortes was not about to give up, so he left some of his men in
charge and set out with the rest of his troops to fight Governor Velasquez. He managed to fight off the governor's troops and
returned to Tenochtitlan.
11
Meanwhile, back in Tenochtitlan, the Aztecs had rebelled against the troops Cortes left behind and regained control of their
city. They had killed or wounded many of the Spanish troops. Now, the Aztecs were ready to get rid of Cortes as well.
12
Cortes was forced to retreat into the countryside, but he was still not ready to give up. He regrouped, rebuilding his troops by
making alliances with tribes unfriendly to the Aztecs as he had done before.
13
Then, Cortes launched a second attack on the Aztec capital. This time, the Aztecs were weakened by an outbreak of smallpox.
The attack of Cortes and his allies proved too much for them, and they were forced to surrender.
14
Cortes and his men looted the city. They burned the Aztec buildings to the ground. Then they rebuilt a new city on the same
site and named it Mexico City. Cortes became very wealthy and famous.
15
Some history books described him as a hero for his defeat of the Aztecs, which began a long series of Spanish conquests in the
New World.
16
Centuries later, when people began to look at the bigger picture of what really happened during the days of colonization in
America, they began to reconsider. Should Cortes and the other Spanish conquistadors really be called heroes for what they did?
The same questions were asked about the men who conquered other parts of the Americas, too. It is still a controversial topic in
American history today.
17
In 1540, thirty-six years after he had arrived, Cortes left Mexico to live out the rest of his days in his home country of Spain.
Class: ___________________
Social Studies 5
Name: ______________________________#____
Date: __________________
Ponce de Leon
PARTNER A Juan
By Sharon Fabian
There are lots of interesting sights to see in Florida. You probably already know about Disney's Magic
Kingdom, Sea World, and Busch Gardens, but once you are touring Florida you might also notice that there are
some interesting historical attractions.
1
St. Augustine, Florida, is the oldest city in the United States. It was established even before the colonial city of
Jamestown. In 1513, the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon landed near the present site of St. Augustine,
although it would not be settled until about 1565.
2
You will come across the name Ponce de Leon again if you stop to tour Florida's tallest lighthouse. The
lighthouse is built on an inlet formerly called Mosquito Inlet where many ships had wrecked in the past. The
lighthouse was built as a warning to sailing ships, and surely it saved many lives. It is now named Ponce de Leon
Inlet Station, and it is visited by about 200,000 tourists each year.
3
You can even see a small Ponce de Leon attraction without leaving home, since he is featured on a 20 cent US
postage stamp.
4
5
So, who is Juan Ponce de Leon and what is he famous for?
Juan Ponce de Leon was born in about 1460 in Spain. He sailed with Christopher Columbus on his second
voyage to America, but instead of returning with Columbus to Spain, he stayed on the island of Santo Domingo,
now the Dominican Republic, to begin a Spanish colony there. He sailed to Puerto Rico and other islands, claiming
them for Spain too. For a while he was the governor of Puerto Rico, but that didn't last for long. Some reports say
that he was removed from office because of his cruel treatment of the Native Americans there. Other accounts
report that Christopher Columbus' son, Diego Columbus, had him thrown out so that he could be governor instead.
6
In 1513, at Easter time, Ponce de Leon landed in Florida, near the present city of St. Augustine. He named it
Pascua de Florida, meaning feast of flowers, and claimed Florida for Spain too. At the time he thought that Florida
was another island.
7
Wherever he went, Ponce de Leon fought with the Native Americans. Native Americans had well-established
communities in Florida by the time Ponce de Leon arrived, and had already been settled in Florida for over a
thousand years. Their communities were large, with many social and political activities. They raised crops, built
canoes, and fished. It's not surprising that they rebelled when Ponce de Leon showed up and announced that he was
taking over. Nearly everywhere he went, Ponce de Leon met with heavy resistance from Native American warriors.
8
Ponce de Leon also made a second voyage, this time around the tip of Florida to settle on the gulf coast on
Florida's west side. Again his mission was to begin a permanent settlement there, but that wasn't his only reason for
exploring the New World.
9
Like many explorers of his time, Ponce de Leon had heard stories about fortunes in gold being discovered in
America, and he too was searching for wealth and fame. Many accounts say that he was also searching for a
"fountain of youth" that he had heard rumors about.
10
Wherever he tried to colonize, Ponce de Leon continued to meet with fierce resistance from native Americans
already settled there. In one fight he was wounded by an arrow, and later he died from the wound. Ponce de Leon is
remembered as the European discoverer o
11
Hernando Cortes
By Sharon Fabian
Hernando Cortes was born in _________________________ during the Renaissance. Of the many exciting options open to a
young man of his time, he chose a career at____________________.
1
2
In 1504, he joined other Spanish adventurers and sailed to Hispaniola in the New World. Today Hispaniola is known as the
Dominican Republic and _________________________. It is off the coast of Mexico.
3
Cortes already had big plans. Soon, his plans began to come true when he was hired by Governor Velasquez of Hispaniola to
lead an expedition into _______________________________. Cortes started to assemble ships, men, supplies, and weapons for the
journey. It appeared that he had more in mind than just a voyage of discovery and trade.
4
Governor Velasquez soon became suspicious of Cortes' plans and told Cortes that he was no longer in charge of the expedition.
Cortes went right ahead with his plans anyway. In fact, he left as fast as possible, before the governor could have him stopped.
5
He sailed to the coast of Mexico. Once on land, he began to make alliances with native _____________________there. He
found many ________________________who were willing to join his expedition and who were willing to help him. He found
people who could act as translators, too.
6
He also began to hear rumors that he had heard before - rumors that said the Native Americans of Mexico had
_______________, lots of gold. He learned that it was the ____________________, who lived further inland, who were known for
their beautiful objects crafted from gold. He learned, too, that their empire was centered in their capital city of Tenochtitlan. Along
with his native allies, Cortes set off for the Aztec capital.
7
He soon arrived at the magnificent city. It was a spacious city built on an island. The city design included wide causeways and
canals. Its buildings, including the king's palace and a large pyramid, were constructed of ________________________.
8
Montezuma, the Aztec king, __________________________Cortes and his troops. He gave Cortes and his men gifts made of
gold and precious gems. Although they treated Cortes' party as guests, they must have also been suspicious of their intentions.
9
Soon enough, the Aztec people discovered the true intentions of Cortes. Cortes captured Montezuma. He attempted to rule the
Aztec Empire through Montezuma. He seized the Aztecs' gold. He destroyed Aztec temples.
10
Cortes was enjoying his new wealth and power, but soon, his past came back to haunt him. Cortes learned that Governor
Velasquez had sent 1,400 troops to ________________________________ him for disobeying orders. Cortes was not about to give
up, so he left some of his men in charge and set out with the rest of his troops to fight Governor Velasquez. He managed to fight off
the governor's troops and returned to Tenochtitlan.
11
Meanwhile, back in Tenochtitlan, the Aztecs had rebelled against the troops Cortes left behind and regained control of their
city. They had killed or wounded many of the Spanish troops. Now, the Aztecs were ready to get rid of ___________________ as
well.
12
Cortes was forced to retreat into the countryside, but he was still not ready to give up. He regrouped, rebuilding his troops by
making alliances with tribes unfriendly to the Aztecs as he had done before.
13
Then, Cortes launched a second______________________ on the Aztec capital. This time, the Aztecs were weakened by an
outbreak of _________________________. The attack of Cortes and his allies proved too much for them, and they were forced to
surrender.
14
Cortes and his men looted the city. They _________________________ the Aztec buildings to the ground. Then they rebuilt a
new city on the same site and named it ___________________________________. Cortes became very wealthy and famous.
15
Some history books described him as a ____________________________ for his defeat of the Aztecs, which began a long
series of Spanish conquests in the New World.
16
Centuries later, when people began to look at the bigger picture of what really happened during the days of colonization in
America, they began to reconsider. ______________________________Cortes and the other Spanish conquistadors really be called
heroes for what they did? The same questions were asked about the men who conquered other parts of the Americas, too. It is still a
controversial topic in American history today.
17
In 1540, thirty-six years after he had arrived, Cortes left Mexico to live out the rest of his days in his home country of Spain.
Directions: Use the information you gathered to compare and contrast the two explorers.
Juan Ponce de León
Hernando Cortés
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