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NOTE-TAKING GUIDE: Of the People: A History of the United States CHAPTER 3 “The English Come to Stay: 1600–1660”
COMMON THREADS

After the failure at Roanoke, how were the English finally able to plant
successful colonies?

Why did the Jamestown colony almost fail, and why did the New
England ones succeed almost immediately? Can the Chesapeake or
the New England experience be considered more “typical” of what
would become the United States?

What were the similarities and differences in each region’s relations
with Native Americans?

How and why did slavery become more prominent in the Chesapeake?

What role did religion play in shaping the Puritan colonies?

What elements of democracy existed in the New England and
Chesapeake colonies?
OUTLINE
American Portrait: The Adventures of John Smith
The First Chesapeake Colonies
Founding Virginia
Starving Times
Troubled Relations with the Powhatans
Toward a New Economic Order and the Rise of Democracy
Toward the Destruction of the Powhatans
A New Colony in Maryland
The Political Economy of Slavery Emerges
The Problem of a Labor Supply
America and the World: The English Enter the Slave Trade
The Origins of African Slavery in the Chesapeake
Gender and the Social Order in the Chesapeake
Struggles for Democracy: The First African Arrivals Exercise Some
Rights
A Bible Commonwealth in the New England Wilderness
The English Origins of the Puritan Movement
What Did the Puritans Believe?
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth
The Puritan Colony at Massachusetts Bay
New England Way
Changing the Land to Fit the Political Economy
The Puritan Family
Dissension in the Puritan Ranks
Roger Williams and Toleration
Anne Hutchinson and the Equality of Believers
Puritan Indian Policy and the Pequot War
Conclusion
WHO?
WHAT?
Anglo-Powhatan Wars
Anne Hutchinson
Antinomianism
Pocahontas
Arminianism
Powhatan
Calvinism
Captain John Smith
Charter colony
Squanto
Headright
Roger Williams
Indentured servants
John Winthrop
Pequot War
Proprietary colony
Royal colony
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. What were the objectives of the founders of Virginia? Why did the colony
survive, in spite of poor planning?
2. What were the objectives of the founders of the Puritan colonies at
Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay? Compare the early years of these
colonies to those of the Virginia Colony.
3. What role did gender play in the social order of the Chesapeake and
New England colonies?
4. Were the more amicable Native American–white relations in early New
England, as compared to those in Virginia, the result of greater tolerance
on the part of the New Englanders or greater willingness to compromise
on the part of the Native Americans?
5. What factors other than religious commitment help explain the success
of the Puritan colonies in Massachusetts?
6. Which society was more democratic in its original inception, the New
England or the Chesapeake colonies? Explain your answer.
NOTE-TAKING GUIDE: Of the People: A History of the United States CHAPTER 3 “The English Come to Stay: 1600–1660”
7. Are you more impressed by the ease or the slowness that the
Chesapeake demonstrated in adopting African slavery? Explain your
answer.
NOTES: TO FOLLOW UP / QUESTIONS TO ASK IN CLASS