Download Standard Grade work booklet

Standard Grade Physics
Booklet
Glen Urquhart
High School
Homework
PHYSICS
STANDARD GRADE
General/ Credit Level
1. All questions should be answered.
2. For multiple choice questions there is only one
correct answer. The letter corresponding to
the correct answer should be written (Not the
value of the answer!)
3. For other questions, write your answer either
in sentences, equation form or clearly labelled
diagrams.
4. If you change your mind about your answer
you may score it out and rewrite it.
5. Marks may be deducted for poor presentation
or lack of relevant working.
6. Always ensure that your homework is as neat
as possible
7. For numerical answers round to 2 decimal places.
E.g. 2.6666667 = 2.67
Additional information:
Speed of light in air = 300000000m/s = 3 x 108m/s
Speed of sound in air (20oC) = 330 m/s
Charge on an electron = 1.9x 10 -19 C
Mass of an electron = 9.1 x 10 -31 Kg
Standard grade Physics Homework questions
Telecommunications Hw 1
(speed of sound in air = 340m/s)
1 ) How far does sound travel in 5 seconds?
2)During a thunder storm a fisherman counted 7seconds
between the flash and the sound of thunder.
How far away was the storm?
3 ) Find the time it takes sound to travel 510m
4 )A pupil claps together two planks of wood 100m from a
wall.
How long will it take the pupil to hear the sound of the
echo?
5) 90 waves pass a point in a tank of water in 60s
Find the frequency of the waves.
6) A tuning fork makes 1,536 waves in 3 seconds.
Calculate the frequency of the tuning fork.
7) A water wave travels at 6m/s. The frequency of the
waves is 3Hz.
The wavelength of the waves is (circle the right answer):
a) 12 m
b) 6m
c) 1m
d) 2km
e) 2m
Standard grade Physics Homework questions
Telecommunications Hw 2
(speed of sound in air = 340m/s,
Speed of light in air = 280,000,000m/s)
1 ) what device is required to detect radio waves?
2) Fill in the missing components of an AM/FM radio:
Aerial
Decoder
Loudspeaker
Power
supply
3 ) Fill in the missing components of the electro-magnetic
spectrum:
Gamma rays, __________, ultra-violet, ________,infra- red,
microwaves, radio waves.
4 ) In what frequency band do mobile phones operate?
5)
a)Calculate the speed of the waves broadcast by radio 1 (1053KHz,
285m):
b) Is this value realistic (give a reason for your answer)?
6) A local radio station broadcast at a wavelength of 560m what is
their frequency ?
a) 2000 Hz
b) 1000 m/s
c) 50,000 Hz
d) 1 m
e) 500 KHz
Using Electricity – Homework Questions
1. The power rating of a colour television is most likely to be:
A
B
C
D
E
10 W
150 W
750 W
1500 W
3000 W.
2. A lamp of resistance 50 Ω is connected to a 10 V supply as
shown below.
The current flowing through the lamp is:
A
B
C
D
E
05 A
20 A
10 A
15 A
50 A.
3. Electrical power is:
A
B
C
D
E
the
the
the
the
the
number of amperes per second
total electrical energy produced
number of coulombs per second
number of volts per second
electrical energy produced per second.
4. Andrew purchases a lamp for his father's car. The lamp has "6
W,12 V" marked on it.
What current flows through it when it is working normally?
A
B
C
D
E
05 A
20 A
60 A
12 A
72 A.
5. In filament lamps and discharge tubes, the electrical energy is
converted to light.
Where does this occur in each lamp?
filament lamp
discharge tube
A
in the resistance
wire
in the gas
B
in the gas
in the gas
C
in the glass
in the gas
D in the glass
in the resistance
wire
E
in the glass
in the resistance
wire
6. Three identical 6 V lamps operating at normal brightness are
connected to a supply as shown below.
What is the supply voltage?
A 05 V
B 20 V
C 30 V
D 60 V
E 18 V.
7. The fusebox in a house contains several mains fuses.
The purpose of each mains fuse is to:
A control the current in the electricity meter
B protect every electrical appliance in the house
C protect mains wiring within the house
D protect the mains switch
E prevent the householder getting a shock.
8. In the cutaway diagram of the electric motor below, what are
the names of parts W, X, Y and Z.?
W
X
Y
Z
A
brushes
commutator
field coils
rotating coil
B
brushes
commutator
rotating
coil
field coil
C
commutator
brushes
field coil
rotating coil
D
brushes
field coil
rotating
coil
commutator
E
commutator
brushes
rotating
coil
field coil
8. In Britain, the standard 13 A plug has three pins as shown in
figure 1.In a more advanced design, two of the pins are insulated
along part of their length, while the third is not, as shown in figure
2.
(a) Explain fully the advantage of having insulation on the pins.
(b) Why is their no insulation on the third pin?
Health Physics – Homework Questions
1. Which of the following can be used to detect Gamma-rays?
A
B
C
D
thermistor
optical fibre
photographic film
stethoscope
2.
A girl decides to make her own thermometer. The material
she uses must have some property which varies with
A
B
C
D
E
time
temperature
volume
shape
length.
3.
The loudness of sounds is measured in units called decibels
(dB). Which of the following is the sound level of normal
conversation at a distance of 1 metre?
A
B
C
D
E
20 dB
30 dB
60 dB
90 dB
120 dB.
4.
Which of the following diagrams below correctly shows the
path of a ray of red light passing through a glass block?
5.
Which of the following can be used to detect X-rays?
A
B
C
D
E
thermistor
optical fibre
photographic film
stethoscope
bimetallic strip.
6.
A doctor uses a stethoscope to listen to a patient's heartbeat.
Explain how a stethoscope works.
7.
Angela felt unwell so her mum asked the doctor to call. The
doctor checked Angela's pulse and temperature. The thermometer
reading is shown in the diagram.
(a) Describe how the doctor would have used the thermometer to
measure Angela's temperature.
(b) Why is there a small kink in the tube of the thermometer?
(c)
Explain why the doctor concludes that Angela is unwell.
8.
A sample of a radioactive substance has its activity recorded
as 1000 Bq.
Thirty minutes later its activity is 125 Bq.
(a) Calculate the half-life of this substance.
(b) How long would it take for the initial activity to drop below
a background level of 20Bq?
9. A soil sample contains radioactive caesium which has a half-life
of 30 years.
This sample had an activity of 400 Bq on 1st January 1980.
What will be the activity on 1st January 2040?
10. A woman who is expecting a baby in a few months is visiting the
maternity hospital. The doctor carries out an examination using an
ultrasound scanner. The scanner has a probe which acts as both the
transmitter and receiver of ultrasound pulses.
The table below gives some data on the ultrasound waves used in
the scanner.
speed in air
speed in tissue and fluid
speed in jelly
frequency
number of pulses transmitted
each second
340 m s-1
1500 m s1
1450 m s1
10 MHz
2000
(a) What is the time between successive pulses?
(b) The diagram below shows the probe being used to examine the
position of the baby inside the mother's body
(i) One pulse hits the baby's forehead and returns to the probe in a
time of 0.2 milliseconds. What is the distance between the probe
and the baby's forehead?
(ii) When there is a large change in the speed of the waves at a
boundary most of the ultrasound is reflected. Explain why the jelly
should be placed between the probe and the woman's body.
Transport physics – Homework questions
Question 1
An aircraft on a test flight travels at a steady speed of mach 2
(twice the speed of sound). It travels a measured distance of 1.02
km in 1.5 s during its test flight.
 (i) Calculate the average speed of the aircraft in metres per
second.
 (ii) What is the instantaneous speed of the aircraft at all times
during the test flight?
 (iii) Calculate the speed of sound using the information given
in the question.
Question 2
A car starts from rest and reaches a speed of 20 m/s in a time of 4
s.
 (i) What is the initial speed of the car?
 (ii) What is the change in speed of the car during the 4 s
period?
 (iii) What is the acceleration of the car during this time?
Question 3
A hiker covers a distance of 1500 m in 20 minutes. What is the
average speed of the hiker?
Question 4
How many seconds would it take a lorry travelling at a constant
speed of 20 m/s to cover a distance of 30 km?
Question 5
How many seconds would it take a lorry travelling at a constant
speed of 20 m/s to cover a distance of 30 km?
Question 6
How many metres does a cyclist travel in 5 minutes when cycling at
a steady speed of 6 m/s?
Question 7
A car has an average speed of 30 m/s for a motorway journey of 51
km. A speed of 1 m/s corresponds to a speed of 2.2 miles per hour.
(i). What is the average speed of the car in miles per hour?
(ii). How many seconds did it take the car to complete its journey?
(iii). Did the car exceed the speed limit of 70 miles per hour at any
time during its journey?
Identify whether it is balanced forces or whether it is an unbalanced
force that causes the following different types of movement.
Question 8
Formula 1 car accelerating from the starting grid
Question 9
A cyclist braking
Transport Physics homework questions
1. Describe what the difference is between average speed &
instantaneous speed.
2. A car takes two & a half hours (150 minutes)to travel 60km.
Calculate the average speed of the car during its journey in metres
per second.
3. A motor company is launching a new car which they claim can go
from 0 to 30m/s in 4.5 sec.
a) Calculate the acceleration of the car.
b) If the car was travelling at 20m/s when it accelerated at 5m/s/s
for 4 seconds then calculate the car’s new speed at the end of the
four seconds.
4. An aircraft lands at Glasgow airport. The moment the aircraft
touches down the pilot applies reverse thrust. The speed time graph
of the landing is shown below:
a) Calculate the deceleration of the aircraft
b) Calculate the distance it took the aircraft to come to a halt.
c) If the mass of the aircraft is 20,000kg then calculate the force
that caused the deceleration.
d) What might the speed time graph look like if the aircraft landed
on a very wet runway.
e) What was the aircrafts’ Kinetic energy the moment the aircraft
touched down?
Electronics Hw 1
1. Which one of the following signals on an oscilloscope is most likely to be
from a digital output?
2.
The energy transformation in a thermocouple is
A
B
C
D
E
electrical to heat
heat to electrical
heat to kinetic
light to electrical
sound to electrical.
3. Name three digital output devices.
4. Which of the following is a digital input;
A Microphone
B Thermistor
C LDR
D Solar cell
E Push-to-make switch
5. Mary presses the request button at a pedestrian crossing. An electronic
circuit switches the red light on after a delay of 10 seconds.
Which one of the following is most likely to be part of the input of this
circuit?
A thermocouple
B light dependant resistor
C thermistor
D capacitor
E microphone
6.
In which of the following devices do amplifiers play an important part?
A
B
C
D
E
7.
Which electronic component can act like a switch?
A
B
C
D
E
8.
radio and television
radio and calculator
television and clock
television and calculator
radio and clock.
resistor
bulb
capacitor
light dependant resistor
transistor.
Answer
The following circuit shows a battery connected in series with a resistor and
an LED.
The LED lights brightly.
(a) What difference would be seen if the LED was connected the other way
round ?
(1)
(b) Explain the purpose of the resistor in this circuit.
Electronics HW 3
1. John is given information on a particular thermistor. He includes the
thermistor in the circuit shown below.
(a) Calculate the value of the ammeter reading if the temperature is 50 oC.
(b) Suggest a possible reading on the ammeter when the temperature is
60 oC.
2.
Gillian investigates the operation of an amplifier using the following circuit.
She records the input and output voltages of the amplifier for various
settings on the power supply and draws a graph of her results as shown below.
(a) The graph shows that the amplifier amplifies correctly only over a
limited range of input voltages. What is this range of input voltages?
(b) The voltage gain of an amplifier in this range is given by:
Calculate the setting of the gain control of the amplifier.
3. In the circuit in Fig. 1 below light is shining on the LDR. The variable
resistor is adjusted so that the buzzer sounds. Information on the resistance
of the LDR for various conditions is given in the table.
(a) For a certain change of conditions this circuit is designed to switch off
the buzzer. Without adjusting the variable resistor or changing any components
How would you make the buzzer switch off?
(b) The circuit can be altered so that for the same change in conditions the
buzzer switches on. Redraw the circuit showing the alteration required.
(c) A similar circuit to Fig. 1 can be built to switch on a motor when the
temperature becomes too high. The input and output have to be changed to a
thermistor and a motor.
(i)
Using the circuit symbols shown above draw this new circuit, clearly
showing where the thermistor and motor are connected.
(ii) Without replacing any components in this new circuit how could you arrange
for the motor to switch on at a different temperature?
(iii) Describe a practical situation where this new circuit could be used (i.e. an
application of this circuit).
4. A clock pulse generator circuit is shown below. A LED monitor circuit is to
be connected between the output Y of the generator and Z (the +5 V supply
rail). The generator produces pulses which are fed to the LED monitor causing
the LED to flash on and off.
(a) The LED monitor consists of a resistor and an LED. The operating
voltage and current for the LED are 2 V and 20 mA.
(i) Draw a circuit diagram showing how the resistor and LED are connected
between points Y and Z.
(ii) Calculate the value of the resistor.
(b) Draw the truth table for a NOT gate.
(c) Explain in detail how the clock pulse generator produces a series of pulses.
(d) State two ways to decrease the frequency of these pulses.
(e) The pulses are now fed to a counter circuit and are also monitored by an
oscilloscope. The pattern on the oscilloscope is produced in a time of 0.5 s.
(i) State the flash rate of the LED monitor
The counter is reset to zero. State whether each of the LEDs P, Q, R and S on
the binary display is ON or OFF one second later. Explain your answer.
(iii) Some time later the decimal display indicates a pattern which is not
recognisable as a number. Suggest a reason for this.
5. Kalpana wishes to build an automatic lighting system for the garden at the
back of her house.
When she opens either the patio door or the kitchen door to go out to the
garden at night the spotlight should automatically illuminate the garden.
She requires three input devices and plans to use them in the following logic
circuit.
She chooses an LDR for the light sensor. The LDR gives out a logic 1 when it is
light and a logic 0 when it is dark. She uses magnetic switches for the sensors
at the doors.
(a) State the logic output required for the door sensor when the door is
opened.
(b) Copy and complete the following truth table for this circuit.
6.
A new detector has been invented. Its resistance depends on the colour
of light shining on it. The diagram below shows the frequency of various
colours of light. The graph shows how the resistance of the detector
varies with the frequency of light.
Draw a suitable table which gives the resistance of the detector for the
colours RED, YELLOW, GREEN and BLUE.
Energy HW Questions
1. Peter has a model railway which operates from 23 V a.c..
He uses a transformer connected to the 230 V mains supply
to reduce the voltage. The number of turns on the primary
coil of the transformer is 1000.
(a)Calculate the number of turns required on the
secondary coil.
(b)
Draw a labelled diagram to show how Peter's
transformer is constructed.
(c) Sheila has a similar transformer inside her computer.
The only difference is that there are fewer turns on the
secondary coil. How will the output voltage of Sheila's
transformer compare with the output voltage of Peter's
when the computer is connected to the mains supply?
2. Read the following passage.
"Coal provides 68% of the energy consumed in Britain
every year. To do this, 69 million tonnes are burned and this
provides 1830 petajoules of energy.( 1 petajoule (PJ) =
1015 J ) By comparison, 1800 million cubic metres of gas
are burned each year. This produces 70 PJ of energy and
represents 2.6% of the energy consumed.
Two other sources of energy - oil and nuclear - contribute
436 PJ and 312 PJ respectively. This represents 16% of the
total energy consumed in the case of oil and 11.5% in the
case of nuclear."
Copy and complete the table to show the information on
fossil fuels.
Fossil fuel
Energy consumed
Percentage of total
/ PJ
1830
Oil
436
Gas
2.6
3. Energy converters can be used to obtain energy from
waves. The power levels available are, on average, 50
kilowatts for every metre of wavefront.
(a)How much power is available if an energy converter
covers 50 metres of wavefront?
(b)
Only 25% of this power is available as electricity.
How much electrical power can be produced by this energy
converter?
(c) What length of wavefront would be required to
provide a small town with 10 megawatts of power. ( 1
megawatt = 1000 kilowatts )
4. To compare the specific heat capacities of two different
oils, John and Nadia set up the apparatus below.
Both pupils heat their oil for 1 minute with identical
heaters.At the end of the experiment, they discover that the
temperature on Nadia's thermometer has risen more.
They decide that John's oil has the largest specific heat
capacity. Give three reasons why this is an unfair test.
Space Physics Homework Questions
1. The Sun is an example of a
A
B
C
D
E
moon
planet
star
solar system
galaxy.
2. The time taken for light to travel from the Sun to the
Earth is about:
A 1.2 seconds
B 8 minutes
C 4.3 years
D 100000 years
E 2.2 million years.
3. The family of waves which make up the electromagnetic
spectrum all have;
A
B
C
D
E
the same speed and the same wavelength
speeds which increase as wavelength increases
speeds which decrease as wavelength increases
different speeds and the same wavelength
the same speed and different wavelengths.
4. Radio waves from outer space can be detected using a
suitably designed;
A
B
C
D
E
lens
spectroscope
triangular prism
telescope
thermometer.
5. Assuming no air resistance, which of the following
describes the effect of the force of gravity on the objects
near the Earth’s surface?
A
B
C
D
E
small objects have a smaller acceleration than larger objects
large objects have a smaller acceleration than small objects
only objects of the same mass will have the same acceleration
all objects have different accelerations
all objects have exactly the same acceleration.
6. An astronaut is repairing a satellite.
He accidentally pushes the satellite and it moves to the right.
Which answer explains what happens to the astronaut?
A He
him
B He
C He
D He
E He
moves to the right because the satellite exerts a force on
moves to the right because he exerts a force on himself
does not move because no forces act on him
moves to the left because the satellite exerts a force on him
moves to the left because he exerts a force on himself.
7. Imran throws a ball to Jane.
The ball follows a curved path, like the one shown above
because
A the force of gravity acts downwards on the ball
B the force of gravity constantly changes direction
C the force of gravity pulls the ball forwards
D the weight of the ball is increasing
E the weight of the ball is decreasing.
8. When a space shuttle re-enters the atmosphere from its
orbit in space, it becomes very hot because
A the atmosphere is at a higher temperature than the
shuttle
B friction changes some heat energy to kinetic energy
C friction changes some kinetic energy to heat energy
D the force of gravity acting on it is decreasing
E the force of gravity acting on it is increasing.
9. A triangular shaped glass prism is often used to
A
B
C
D
E
change one colour of light into another colour
form an image of a distant object
form an image of a nearby object
produce a magnified image of an object
disperse white light into the visible spectrum.
10.
The main use astronomers make of the line spectrum
produced by a star is to
A
B
C
D
E
find the age of the star
calculate how much light is emitted by the star
identify the elements present in the star
measure the size of the star
calculate the distance between the star and the Earth.
11.
Which of the following lists the objects in order of
increasing size?
A star, galaxy, universe
B galaxy, star, universe
C universe, star, galaxy
D star, universe, galaxy
E galaxy, universe, star.
12.
When a spacecraft is in orbit around the Earth, an
unattached object inside it will always
A
B
C
D
E
move to the front of the spacecraft
move to the top of the spacecraft
appear to be weightless
move more quickly than the spacecraft
move more slowly than the spacecraft.