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Name______________________________ Period _________ date ________________ Lab 98 Family Histories p. F-52 Some fossils were found in Precambrian rocks 3.5 billion years old and most were found in rocks of the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras less than 550 million years old. Fossil record refers to all of the fossils that have been found on Earth. The fossil record was used to classify fossils into families. A family is a category smaller than a kingdom, phylum, class, or order, but larger than a genus or species. Dogs are in the family Canidae, which also contains foxes, coyotes and wolves. Lions are in the same kingdom, phylum, class, and order as dogs but they are in a different family: Felidae. This family includes leopards, tigers, house cats, and the extinct saber-toothed cat. The numbers of families in the fish, mammal, and reptile classes have changed classes over geological time. *EQ: What can you learn about evolution by comparing the fossil records of fish, mammals, and reptiles? PROCEDURE Follow procedures 1-4 on pages F-53-55. The bar graph of figure 1 is on the back of this paper. Draw graphs of Table 2 and 3 under the one of Table 1 using the same scales so they are easy to compare. ANALYSIS (answer in complete sentences on your own paper) 1. a. Use the graphs to put the 3 different classes (fish, mammals, and reptiles) in order, based on when they first appeared in the fossil record. b. What could this order tell you about the evolution of these types of species? 2. a. What are 2 possible explanations for the disappearance of a family from the fossil record? b. How could Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection explain the disappearance of a family from the fossil record? 3. What could explain the appearance of a family in the fossil record? 4. a. The Cenozoic Era is often referred to as the “Age of Mammals.” Use information from your graphs to explain why. b. Based on this activity what would you call the Mesozoic Era? Why? c. Look at the changes in families over time on the graphs. Why is it misleading to label an era as the “age of” a class? Name______________________________ Period _________ date ________________ Lab 98 Family Histories p. F-52 Some fossils were found in Precambrian rocks 3.5 ________________ years old and most were found in rocks of the Paleozoic, ________________, and Cenozoic eras less than 550 million years old. Fossil record refers to all of the _______________ that have been found on Earth. The fossil record was used to classify fossils into _________________. A family is a category smaller than a kingdom, phylum, class, or ___________, but larger than a __________ or species. Dogs are in the family Canidae, which also contains _____________, coyotes and wolves. Lions are in the same kingdom, phylum, class, and order as _________ but they are in a different family: Felidae. This family includes __________, tigers, house cats, and the extinct saber-toothed cat. The numbers of families in the fish, mammal, and reptile classes have _____________classes over geological time. *EQ: What can you learn about evolution by comparing the fossil records of fish, mammals, and reptiles? PROCEDURE Follow procedures 1-4 on pages F-53-55. The bar graph of figure 1 is on the back of this paper. Draw graphs of Table 2 and 3 under the one of Table 1 using the same scales so they are easy to compare. ANALYSIS (answer in complete sentences on your own paper) 1. a. Use the graphs to put the 3 different classes (fish, mammals and reptiles) in order, based on when they first appeared in the fossil record. b.What could this order tell you about the evolution of these types of species? 2. a. What are 2 possible explanations for the disappearance of a family from the fossil record? b. How could Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection explain the disappearance of a family from the fossil record? 5. What could explain the appearance of a family in the fossil record? 6. a. The Cenozoic Era is often referred to as the “Age of Mammals.” Use information from your graphs to explain why. b. Based on this activity what would you call the Mesozoic Era? Why? c. Look at the changes in families over time on the graphs. Why is it misleading to label an era as the “age of” a class? 200 150 100 50 0 >545 Precambrian 485 425 Early Paleozoic 365 305 245 Late Paleozoic 185 125 Mesozoic 65 0 Cenozoic Figure 1: Fossil Fish Families Over Time 200 150 100 50 0 >545 Precambrian 485 425 Early Paleozoic 365 305 245 Late Paleozoic 185 125 65 Mesozoic 0 Cenozoic 200 150 100 50 0 >545 Precambrian 485 Early Paleozoic 425 365 305 Late Paleozoic 245 185 Mesozoic 125 65 0 Cenozoic