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Name: ______________________________ Today’s Date: __________ Period: _____ Date Due: _________ Lab # _____ -Properties of Minerals Introduction: Of some 3,000 known minerals, only about a dozen, called “common rock forming minerals,” make up most of Earth’s crust. They are identified in the field with a few simple physical tests and observations. This is possible because the physical properties are remarkably constant in a mineral no matter how old it is or where it was formed. In addition to physical tests, there are also some useful diagnostic chemical tests which can be used in mineral identification. Objective: You will identify mineral samples by their physical properties. Vocabulary: Use your review book and notes to define the following words. 1. Mineral - ______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 2. Crystal- _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3. Inorganic - _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4. Luster - _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 5. Streak - ________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 6. Hardness - _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 7. Cleavage - _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 8. Fracture - ______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Procedure: 1. Obtain minerals for mineral identification from your instructor. 2. Determine the properties for each of the minerals and record your observations on the REPORT SHEET. 3. Find the names for each of the mineral samples using your REPORT SHEET and the Earth Science Reference Tables. Olivine Sulfur Sample # Hardness Range 1 1-2 2 2.5 3 2-3 4 2.5 5 6 6 6.5 7 6.5 8 1 9 5.5-6.5 10 2 Word Bank Mica Graphite Halite Talc Fracture or Cleavage Pyrite Color Orthoclase Feldspar Magnetite Galena **Hardness has been fill in for you Luster Streak Metallic or Mineral Name Nonmetallic Discussion Questions: 1. What is the difference between cleavage and fracture? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 2. Why is color alone not a reliable means of identifying a mineral? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3. Why is streak more reliable than color? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4. What determines a minerals properties? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 5. What minerals can be identified by using acid? __________________________________________________________________ 6. Which properties are the most useful in identifying minerals? (Pick at least two properties) Why did you choose these properties? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Science Lab Reflection Directions: Construct a grammatically correct paragraph that demonstrates what you have learned during this lab activity. - Restate the problem What did you do in class? Define mineral What gives a mineral its characteristics? Name a physical property that is least helpful in identifying a mineral and explain why? How are minerals used in your everyday life? (hint use ESRT for ideas) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________