Download 2D Shape Notes

2D Shape Notes
Quadrilaterals – 4 sided shapes
Square:
A square has got 4 sides of equal length and 4 right angles (right
angle = 90 degrees).
Rectangle:
The rectangle (oblong) contains 4 right angles (an angle of 90˚).It has
got 2 pairs of equal sides and 4 right angles.
Rhombus:
A Rhombus has got 4 sides of equal length and opposite sides are
parallel and angles are equal. The arrows show parallel sides.
Parallelogram:
A parallelogram is a rectangle that has been pushed over. Opposite sides
are the same length and they are parallel.
Trapezium:
Each contains 4 sides and one pair of parallel sides.
Kite:
A kite has got two pairs of sides next to each other that have equal
length. But none of the sides are parallel.
Triangles – 3 sided shapes
Equilateral Triangle:
An equilateral triangle has got 3 sides of equal length and 3 angles that
are equal.
Since ALL the angles in a triangle add up to 180º then 180 divided by 3
must be 60º.
Isosceles Triangle:
An Isosceles triangle has got two sides of equal length and 2 angles
equal.
Right- Angled Triangle:
The right angled triangle contains a right angle (an angle of 90˚)
Scalene Triangle:
A scalene triangle is the easiest of them all. The scalene triangle has got
NO sides of equal length and NO angles the same.
Shape and Space
Angles:
An angle is the space formed by two lines or surfaces that
meet. Angles are measured in degrees. The symbol for
degrees is °
Acute Angles
An acute angle is an angle measuring between 0 and 90 degrees.
Example:
Obtuse Angles
An obtuse angle is an angle measuring between 90 and 180 degrees.
Example:
Right Angles
A right angle is an angle measuring 90 degrees. Two lines or
line segments that meet at a right angle are said to be
perpendicular.
Example:
◦
N
¼ turn = 90
◦
½ turn = 180
W
E
¾ turn = 270
◦
◦
1 full turn = 360
S
Lines:
Parallel - lines that are always the same distance apart and never meet
e.g
Perpendicular – lines at right angles to each other
e.g.
Diagonal – a straight line joining 2 vertices (corners) of
a shape.
e.g
Other:
Tessellation – a repeated pattern of shapes that completely
covers a plane without any overlapping.
e.g
a tessellation of triangles
a tessellation of squares
a tessellation of hexagons
Parts of a circle –
Radius e.g
Diameter e.g
Congruent – if two shapes are congruent they are the same
shape and the same size.
Net – a flat pattern which can be folded and joined to make a
3D shape